新教材2020-2021学年高中英语外研选择性必修三配套课件：UNIT 3　DEVELOPING IDEAS .ppt

1、Unit 3War and peace Developing ideas词汇积淀素养初探.根据英语释义写出单词1.involving a lot of reading and studying rather than practical or technical skills_2.logically or causally connected_3.really shabby_4.make a break in_5.discouraging through fear_6.appear or come into view_7.an army or country that uses force t

2、o enter and take control of another country_academicassociatedroughdisruptdauntingemergeinvader8.describe _9.representing a level of the highest possible achievement _10.a state of high honor_11.outstanding;distinguished_12.the hard work and effort that sb.puts into an activity or a purpose because

3、they think it is important._13.a person who represents others _14.mark by some ceremony or observation_depict crowninggloryprominentdedicationrepresentativecommemorate15.the date on which an event occurred in some previous year_16.affirm once again_ 17.done by or characteristic of individuals acting

4、 together_ anniversary reaffirmcollective.根据汉语提示写出正确的短语1.与不同 _ 2.把 称为;把叫做 _ 3.点燃,照亮_ 4.由于_ 5.吹走_ 6.在战争中_ 7.担任,充当_ 8.不但而且_ be different fromrefer to.aslight updue toblow awayat warserve asnot only.but also阅读精研素养构建.文本整体理解:理清文章架构Paragraph 1:_ Paragraph 2:_ Paragraph 35:_Paragraph 6、7:_ introduce the to

5、pic:What is real warthe background information of Liandathe tough conditions of Lianda in living and study aswell as its contributions during the war the crowning glory Lianda has achieved.文本细节理解:探寻语篇细节信息1.Which of the following is not included in Lianda?A.Peking University.B.Kunming University.C.Ts

6、inghua University.D.Nankai University.2.How did the professors and students get to Lianda?A.By bike.B.By planes.C.On foot.D.By truck.3.What was the purpose to build Lianda?A.To save their educational and intellectual heritage.B.To fight against the Japanese invaders.C.To teach students to be interpr

7、eters.D.To make the students experience hardship.4.What does Yang Zhenning think of the days when he was learning in Lianda?A.Tough but worthy.B.Interesting and relaxing.C.Hard and disappointing.D.Enjoyable and priceless.5.Why has Lianda become the crowning glory of Chinas modern universities?答案:14.

8、BCAA5.Because it has not only prominent professors and talented students but also the strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.文本素养提升:阅读技能综合运用1.根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。(1)Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops,while Nankai University 连接两个并列句,表示句意的转折和前后的对比was complet

9、ely destroyed by bombing.译文:北京大学和清华大学被日军占领,_。而南开大学则被彻底炸毁(2)It is no wonder that many,if not most,of Chinas 形式主语 引导主语从句 省略的条件状语从句leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda.译文:难怪许多的,_,中国顶尖的学者和科学家都出自联大。如果不是说大多数的话2.根据课文完成短文。In 1937,Lianda,mainly made up of Peking University,Tsinghua University an

10、d Nankai University,was set up to save their educational and(1)_(intelligent)heritage.Professors and students alike(2)_(walk)over 2,000 kilometres to get to the remote and mountainous south-west part of China,where food,(3)_(book)and(4)_(equip)were in dire shortage.Even worse,fierce air attacks(5)_(

11、frequent)interrupted their classes.Despite all the hardships,Lianda provided the largest number of student-soldiers,some(6)_ whom served as(7)_(interpret),including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.intellectualwalkedbooksequipmentfrequentlyofinterpretersAlthough Lianda is p

12、hysically(8)_(go)today,its contributions(9)_ strong spirit of perseverance and dedication has become part of(10)_ collective memory of the Chinese nation.goneandthe3.阅读主题活动。(1)What is the main idea of the passage?_(2)What do you learn from the passage?_It mainly tells us a product of the war,Lianda,

13、which made greatcontributions to the resistance against Japanese aggression.We should learn the strong spirit of perseverance and dedication fromLianda,protect our motherland and love peace.要点精研素养奠基1.be different from与不同*(2020浙江高考)His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests

14、 were far different from mine.他的朋友们嘲笑他照顾他的妹妹,他的兴趣与我的完全不同。*How is it different from todays universities?它与现在的大学有何不同?*His opinions on the questionable experiment are different from his classmates.他对这个问题重重的实验的看法与他的同学们不一样。*The twin sisters differ in their interests.这对双胞胎姐妹的兴趣不同。*I cant see any differenc

15、e between the two coats.我没有看出这两件外套有什么区别。【语块积累】(1)differvi.不同;持不同意见,有分歧differ from.in.在方面与不同differ with与某人意见不一致(2)differencen.不同,差别make a difference between区分,对不同对待make a/some/no difference to.对有/没有影响【即学活用】语法填空。(1)The various species differ _ each other mainly _ size and abundance.(2)Im afraid I diff

16、er _ you on that issue.(3)What he does is always different _ what he says.(4)To our surprise,the disturbing news made no difference _ the boy.frominwithfromto2.refer to.as.把称为;把叫做*Throughout history,the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles a

17、s being like“war”.纵观历史,世界上伟大的思想家们通常把他们在学术方面的努力称作“战争”。*I always refer to him as a bookworm.我总是把他当作书呆子。*When taking an exam,you are forbidden to refer to your notebooks.考试的时候,你被禁止查阅笔记。【语块积累】(1)refer to谈到,提及;指的是;参考,查阅;涉及,关于(2)consider/regard/take.as.认为是【即学活用】写出句中refer to的含义。(1)I forgot the date of the

18、battle,so I referred to a history book.()(2)When I said some people were stupid,I wasnt referring to you.()(3)This author began by referring to the early history of India.()(4)That is why Marxists refer to their type of movement as scientific socialism.()查阅指的是谈到把称作3.academic adj.学术的;学院的;理论的*Applican

19、t must possess good conduct and obtain satisfactory academic results.申请者必须拥有良好品性,并获得令人满意的成绩。*(2020新高考全国卷)Through it all,she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.通过这一切,她的学业成绩一直很好,并以优异的成绩毕业。*I am not an academically minded person.我不是一个有学术头脑的人。*He went to the naval academy at An

20、napolis for four years.他去位于安纳波利斯的海军学院学习了四年。【语块积累】(1)academic n.大学教师;大学生;学者(2)academyn.学院;(专科)学校(3)academicallyadv.学术上,理论上【即学活用】用academic的恰当形式填空。(1)You have to do well _ to get into medical school.(2)The boy wanted to go to a military _ after high school.(3)A good historian must have an _ mind.academ

21、icallyacademyacademic4.due to因为,由于*Furthermore,classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm.此外,由于频繁的猛烈空袭,上课时常中断。他们经常不得不在早上十点以前及下午四点以后上课。*He arrived late due to the storm.由于暴风雨的缘故,他迟到了。【巧学助记】due to的多重身份due to作表语时,意为“应属于,由于”;作定语时,意为“由

22、于,归功于”;作状语时,意为“由于”。【语块积累】because of/owing to因为,由于thanks to由于,多亏了【即学活用】(1)说出下列句中due to所充当的句子成分。The difficulty is due to our ignorance.()Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequences.()Due to the bad weather,the plane was delayed.()(2)_ the change,the scheduled visit to the company was c

23、ancelled.由于计划有变,原定的参观该公司的安排取消了。表语定语状语Due to/Because of/Owing to5.blow away吹走,刮走*On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,which would otherwise be blown away.刮风的时候,我们必须把纸压在课桌上,否则就会被风刮走了。*Blow the candle out before you go to bed.上床睡觉以前把蜡烛吹灭。*The volcano unexpectedly blew up.火山出人意料地爆发了。*

24、The storm will soon blow over.暴风雨很快就会平息了。【语块积累】blow out吹灭;(车胎)爆,破blow over(一阵风)过去;(风波)平息blow up(给轮胎)打气;爆炸;责骂,发火;爆发【即学活用】用恰当的介/副词填空。(1)A strong wind blew _ the letter on the table.(2)The railway track was blown _ at several strategic points.(3)The disagreement between them is not serious.It will soon

25、 blow _.(4)Someone opened the door,and the lamp blew _.awayupoverout6.representative n.代表*(2020江苏高考)They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men,whose lifestyles are,for better and worse,representative of those of most of us.他们首先挑选了10个超重的不太爱运动的但是健康的年轻人,他们的生活方式,不管好坏,代表着

26、我们大部分人。*Are your opinions representative of the other students?你的意见是否代表其他学生的意见?*These views dont represent those of Chinese people.这些观点并不代表中国人民的看法。【语块积累】(1)representativeadj.代表的;典型的(2)representvt.代表;象征;描写【即学活用】(1)The singer _the youth of her generation.这位歌手被看作是她那一代年轻人的典型代表。(2)The headmaster couldnt

27、attend the meeting,so Mr Smith _.校长不能出席本次会议,所以史密斯先生代表他。is regarded as a representative ofrepresented him7.collective adj.集体的;共同的*It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.它成为了中华民族集体记忆的一部分,它的精神成为当

28、代中国所有大学的范例。*Planting more trees was a collective decision of the local people.种植更多的树是当地居民共同的决定。*Their work was to collect information.他们的工作就是收集资料。*(2020全国卷)Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage,walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.来他的湖边茅舍观光,到他的山脚下的花园里

29、散步,也可去博物馆里探索丰富的收藏。【语块积累】(1)collectvt.收集,集合,筹集(2)collectorn.收集者(3)collection n.收集,收集的东西【即学活用】用collective的恰当形式完成句子。(1)He is said to be a stamp _.(2)_ the books and put them in a pile on my desk.(3)There were thirty poems in the _.(4)If the team makes a strong _ effort,we will win the game.collectorCol

30、lectcollectioncollective8.It was right in this place,over a period of eight long years,that the nations intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.就是在这个地方,历经八年多的时间,中华民族的知识遗产不但得到了捍卫,而且因为杰出联大学者的热情与信仰而进一步加强。【句式解构】这是一个强调句。被强调部分为in

31、 this place,over a period of eight long years。*It was a smartphone that he bought in this store.他在这家商店买了一部智能手机。*It was him that we met at the school gate.我们在学校门口遇到的是他。*Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗?【名师点津】强调句型面面观(1)强调句的陈述句:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分(2)强调句的一般

32、疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that+其他成分?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其他成分?(4)含有not.until的强调句:It is/was+not until.+that+其他成分(5)被强调部分为“人”时可以用who/that,被强调部分不是“人”时用 that。【即学活用】语法填空。(1)Was _ because Jack came to school late that Mr Smith got angry?(2)It _(be)only after he had read the papers that Mr Gross rea

33、lized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(3)It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.itwasthat【要点拾遗】1.at war在战争中*With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.国家陷于战乱,联大的学生们不会逃避责任。

34、*Those two countries have been at war for a long time.那两个国家交战很长时间了。*Have I told you that war is declared?我告诉过你已经宣战了吗?【语块积累】declare war on/upon向宣战go to war参战,开始打仗make war on和打仗(斗争)【即学活用】(1)语法填空。By the end of that year,ten nations were _war.Their leader has declared war _ Britain.The king decided to g

35、o _ war against his enemies.(2)The government does not want _unless all other alternatives have failed.除非所有其他方法都行不通,否则政府不希望开战。atontoto go to memorate v.庆祝,为举行纪念活动*The city built a monument to commemorate the battle.该市修建了一座纪念碑以纪念这次战役。*Some galleries commemorate donors by inscribing their names on the

36、 walls.一些展览馆把捐赠者的名字刻在墙上以纪念他们。【语块积累】commemorationn.纪念;纪念的东西commemorativeadj.纪念性的【即学活用】用commemorate的恰当形式完成句子。(1)This stamp is _ of the Queens wedding.(2)The monument _ local war heroes.(3)A series of movies will be shown to _ the 30th anniversary of his death.(4)This building is a _ of the war of Wmem

37、orativecommemoratescommemoratecommemoration3.Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.被使命感所驱动,许多人参军抗击日本侵略者,为民族荣誉而战。【句式解构】Driven by a sense of commitment为过去分词短语作状语,与句子的主语a great many存在逻辑上的动宾关系。*The teacher entered

38、 the lab,followed by some students.老师进了实验室,后面跟着一些学生。*Taken according to the direction,the drug has no side effect.如果按照说明书服用,这种药没有副作用。*He glanced at her,noticing that though she was tiny,she seemed very well.他不经意地看了一下,注意到她虽然很纤弱,但看起来非常健康。【名师点津】过去分词短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系;现在分词短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。【即学活

39、用】(1)语法填空。Clearly and thoughtfully _(write),the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.They put the food out in their backyard and spend time in the nice weather,_(watch)birds._(base)on British English,English spoken in these countries can be understood well by nativ

40、e English speakers.(2)When I have to memorize things for study,I walk up and down in the room,_.当我为了学习要记住一些东西时,我在房里走来走去,高声朗读笔记。writtenwatchingBasedreading the notes aloud课时检测素养达标.选词填空1.Mother usually serves as the _ in a family.(peacekeeper;peacekeeping)2.It represented for those early inhabitants _

41、,perpetuity and silence.(stability;stable)3.With my strong _ background,I am competent.(academy;academic)4.They were _ in several clothing companies.(association;associated)5.It was a _ struggle to reach the summit,but in the end they made it.(tough;toughen)peacekeeperstabilityacademicassociatedtoug

42、h6.She has the _ task of cooking for 20 people every day.(daunt;daunting)7.The whole nation took action to fight against foreign _.(invaders;invade)8.She admired the _ shoreline,walking alone.(mist;misty)9.Her _ to her work was admirable.(dedication;dedicative)10.It is a _ goal to protect the earth

43、from being polluted.(collective;collected)dauntinginvadersmistydedicationcollective.语法填空1.The quality of the computer is different _ what you advertise on the Website.2.Some people refer to the talented girl _ another Wang Fei.3.I was busy preparing for the coming exam _ my brother was playing games

44、 all day.4.Your smile would light _ any room.5.A strong wind blew _ the dark clouds in the sky.6.She served _ an interpreter in a famous company after graduation.7.It is no wonder _ he has succeeded.He is always working so hard.fromaswhileupawayasthat8.It was Lucy _didnt attend the lecture on time.9

45、.The accident happened due _ the drivers carelessness.10.The hard experience of studying abroad alone laid the firm foundation _ his achievement.that/whotofor.完成句子1._,we students have been determined to make greater contributions to our country.受联大精神激励,我们学生决定为祖国做出更大的贡献。2._played the leading part in

46、fighting against the disease.是钟南山在领导抗击疾病的过程中起了重要作用。(强调句式)Motivated by the spirit of LiandaIt was Zhong Nanshan that/who3._,but also he kept it.他不仅作出了许诺,而且履行了诺言。(倒装句)4.Many neighborhoods are shut down again _the returning of the epidemic.由于疫情卷土重来,许多小区被再次封闭。5._you failed the exam.You should have made

47、full preparations for it.难怪你考试不及格。你原本应该做好充分的准备的。Not only did he make a promisebecause ofIt is no wonder that课时素养评价九 Unit 3Developing ideas【语用训练】.根据汉语或首字母提示写出正确的单词1.During the past four years,I have had a good deal of _(学术的)experience in communications technology.2.There are many serious health probl

48、ems _(相关的)with smoking.3.They used to live in a _(简陋的)cottage in the country.4.The boy was curious about what _(沙丁鱼)look like.5.The naughty boy frequently makes noises to _(扰乱)classes,which is a headache to his teacher.academicassociatedroughsardinesdisrupt6.In front of the new comers was a d_ chall

49、enge,discouraging most of them.7.What are your favourite i_ games?8.Childrens books often d_ farmyard animals as gentle creatures.9.The successful mission marked the c_ moment for the space programme.10.The warriors valued g_ and honour above life itself.ntellectualepictrowningloryaunting.选词填空be dif

50、ferent from,refer to.as.,be occupied by,light up,due to,not only.but also.,blow away,at war,serve as,more than1.There are _fifty students in our class.2.The former soldier recalled the hard life when the country was _.3.Her spare time _reading scientific magazines.4.The skirt her mother bought for h

51、er _the one she wanted in the online shop.5.We all _the man who has saved the drowning boy _ a true hero.more thanat waris occupied bywas different fromrefer toas6.She _wrote the text _selected the illustrations.7.A strong wing _all the clothes in the yard.8.After retirement,he _a volunteer in the l

52、ocal community.9.The experiment failed in the last stage _a careless mistake.10.Hearing the good news that she came first in the race,Susans face _ with great joy.not onlybut alsoblew awayserved asdue tolit up【主题阅读】.阅读理解A(2020佛山高二检测)War can be deadly for wildlife,too.A new study reports that war is

53、the biggest threat to Africas elephants,rhinoceroses,and other animals.Researchers examined how years of conflict in Africa have affected populations of large animals.More than 70 percent of Africas protected wildlife areas have been within a war zone at some point in the last 70 years.The more freq

54、uent the fighting,the greater the drop in animal populations,said Josh Daskin,anecologist at Yale University.He was the lead author of the study,which was published Wednesday in the journal Nature.It takes very little conflict,as much as one conflict in about 20 years,for the average wildlife popula

55、tion to be declining,Daskin said.“Areas with frequent fighting but not necessarily the bloodiest fightinglose 35 percent of their large animal populations during each year of war,”he said.Some animals get killed by weapons of war.Yet,many also die because of changes in social and economic conditions

56、 in an area as a result of war,said Rob Pringle.He is an ecologist at Princeton University and the studys co-author.“People in and around war zones are poor and hungry.So they may begin to illegally hunt animals for valuable tusks or hunt protected animals to eat,”Pringle said.“And during wartime,an

57、imal conservation programs do not have as much money or power to protect wildlife.”The new study examined the entire African continent over 65 years.The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change population numbers.They included war,drought,animal size,protected areas and human pop

58、ulation density.The number of wars had the biggest effect on wildlife population.The intensity of the wars measured in the number of human deaths had the least effect on animals.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了战争对于野生动物的致命影响。1.Which is the most dangerous to Africas animals?A.Hunting.B.Wars.C.Drought.D.Economy.【解析

59、】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句War can be deadly for wildlife,too.A new study reports that war is the biggest threat to Africas elephants,rhinoceroses,and other animals.可知,战争对非洲的野生动物的影响是最致命的。2.What can we know about the animals in Africa?A.More than 70 percent of animals live in a war zone.B.Little conflict ha

60、s no effect to animals population.C.The more frequent the fighting is,the fewer the animals are.D.35 percent of animals in the world died each year because of war.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段The more frequent the fighting,the greater the drop in animal populations可知,战争越频繁,动物的数量越会大量减少。3.Which one is NOT the re

61、ason why animals die in the war?A.Being killed by the weapons.B.Being killed by poor and hungry people.C.The loss of their habitat.D.Lack of money or power to protect them.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Some animals get killed by weapons of war.可知,一些动物是被战争的武器杀死。故排除A。根据第三段第四、五句可知,动物死于战争的另一原因是贫困而又饥饿的人们杀死动物作为食物或

62、猎取它们有价值的齿牙。故排除B。根据第四段The researchers looked at 10 different factors that could change population numbers.They included war,drought,animal size,protected areas and human population density.可知,引发动物死亡的原因之一是动物栖息地的丧失。故排除C。4.Which one has the least influence on wildlife population?A.The intensity of the w

63、ars.B.Protected areas.C.The number of wars.D.Animal size.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段The intensity of the wars measured in the number of human deaths had the least effect on animals.可知,战争的强度对于野生动植物的数量影响最小。B Nov.21 is World Hello Day.It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peace

64、ful.It was created by the United Nations just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973.The philosophy(理念)behind it is:Say“Hello”and stop war.It sounds like a fine idea,but most of us know that simply saying“Hello”wont bring about world peace.Still,in a smaller range,the simple act of saying he

65、llo to someone can make a lot of difference.This might not be obvious.After all,its such a casual thing and requires so little effort.You raise your head to someone as you pass by them in the school corridor(走廊),say“Hello”then its over.Although we might not realize it,a small thing like a greeting c

66、an mean a lot to a person.Many people are lonely because theyre shy.They find it difficult to communicate with people,even though they want to.It leads to them feeling cut off.On this basis,maybe its a good idea,not just on Nov.21,but every day,to remember to say“Hello”to as many people as we can.Th

67、e stranger who hears your greeting may secretly smile in their heart.You might even make their day.Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite.Politeness is the way we individual humans link up with the rest of the human world outside of our circles of family and friends.Politeness is one

68、of the aspects of culture that make us a society rather than just many individuals living in the same space.No one said it better than the French author Joseph Joubert:“Politeness is the flower of humanity.”A“Hello”to a stranger is a small thing,and often neglected(忽视),but through it we can make the

69、 world better for another person.【文章大意】这篇短文主要通过世界问候日这一主题,说明了对别人说“你好”看似是一件小事,但是这一句小小的问候可能会让世界变得更美好。5.What is World Hello Day intended for?A.Philosophy.B.Peace.C.Politeness.D.War.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段Nov.21 is World Hello Day.It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful

70、.可知,世界问候日的目的在于促进世界和平。6.What has an effect on people most?A.Raising head to others.B.Doing something casually.C.Meeting in the school corridor.D.The simple act of saying hello.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段the simple act of saying hello to someone can make a lot of difference可知,说“你好”的简单的行为可以创造很多不同,对人们的影响很大。7.Why

71、 does someone feel lonely?A.They are unwilling to communicate with others.B.They are too shy to communicate with others.C.They are very fond of living alone.D.They dont like doing things as others do.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段Many people are lonely because theyre shy.They find it difficult to communicate wi

72、th people,even though they want to.可知,有些人感到孤独是因为他们太胆怯了,他们发现很难和别人交流。8.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.We should neglect the small thing.B.Saying hello to others is powerful.C.The flowers make the world better.D.No one is better than Joseph Joubert.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据最后一段A“Hello”to a stranger

73、is a small thing,and often neglected,but through it we can make the world better for another person.可知,虽然对别人说“你好”是一件小事,并且可能经常被忽略掉,但是这一句小小的问候可能会为另一个人创造更美好的世界。.阅读填句Can we humans avoid wars?Can wars be prevented?1Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with

74、 swords and shields,then with cannons,and now,hydrogen bombs and missiles are used for military purpose.However,in spite of all these,it is still believed that wars can be prevented and peace can be won,but it requires the effort of every one of us.2If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and muc

75、h of the civilization which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own?Our task now is not to blame the past,but to plan for the furture.If there is peace in the world,men can use their rockets to e

76、xplore the mystery of space,their submarines to explore the depth of the sea,their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate(穿越)jungles of Africa,instead of using them for military.Governments can use their money to build more schools,so that more children can be educated to be

77、 useful citizens.3They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of the people.4It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination by reasons of color,race,religion,or nationa

78、l origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or month.5But let us plan and begin now.A.How can a peaceful world be achieved?B.The process may even take decades or centuries.C.Peace can be won through the

79、efforts of all human beings.D.Things for military use can be transformed into peaceful use.E.Scientists can use atomic energy to power steamships and planes.F.I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.G.History tells that there were wars,great or small,in every century,in ever

80、y decade.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人类是否能够避免战争以及如何才能避免战争。1.【解析】选G。根据空后的“Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with swords and shields.”可知,战争贯穿于整个人类历史,故G项(历史告诉我们,每一个世纪、每一个十年都有大大小小的战争。)符合语境。2.【解析】选F。根据空后的“If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the

81、 civilization which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.”可知,如果这种情况发生,世界上三分之二的地区以及人类通过时间、耐心和努力所获得的文明将被摧毁,空处应该会提到一场战争,故F项(我确信我们不愿意再经历一次世界大战。)符合语境。3.【解析】选E。根据空后的“They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of the people.

82、”可知,他们还可以设计新的机器来增加商品的产量,从而改善人们的生活方式,They表明空处应该会提到表示人的复数名词,故E项(科学家可以用原子能为轮船和飞机提供动力。)符合语境。4.【解析】选A。根据空后的“It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.”可知,实现世界和平需要所有国家的人民之间的理解和友谊,故A项(如何才能实现世界和平?)符合语境。5.【解析】选B。根据空前的“We know that neither peace nor such a

83、dream world can come true in a day or month.”可知,和平以及这样一个梦想的世界都不可能在一天或一个月内实现,故B项(这一过程甚至可能需要数十年或数百年。)符合语境。【方法技巧】在七选五的解题过程中,上下文或选项中出现的代词的指代关系往往是重要线索,例如本篇第2题,根据空后的“If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the civilization which men have gainedthrough time,patience and efforts will be destr

84、oyed.”可知,如果这种情况(战争)发生,世界上三分之二的地区以及人类通过时间、耐心和努力所获得的文明将被摧毁,it表明空处应该会提到一个单数名词,而本文的话题就是战争,所以空处应该会提到一场战争,故F项(我确信我们不愿意再经历一次世界大战。)符合语境。话题写作素养升级如何写人物介绍【范例点评】Dr.Zhong Nanshan was born in October 1936 in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.He is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century.He studied at

85、 Guangdong Experimental High School in 1953 and graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960.In the spring of 2003,the SARS epidemic broke out in China and across the globe.Zhong Nanshan not only led but also took an active part in the battle against SARS.At that time no one really knew much about

86、 SARS and most people had no natural defenses against the disease.Dangerous as it was,ZhongNanshan worked hard day and night treating the patients.Through their hard work for several months,Zhong Nanshan and his workmates achieved remarkable result.Soon the SARS epidemic was stopped in its track.Zho

87、ng Nanshan was awarded One of the Top Ten People Moving China in 2004.He has been working in the medical field for over 60 years.He is respected by all the people in China.【布局】【文体解读】1.话题特点 人物介绍的内容,通常为人物的出生背景、所取得的成就及对该人物的综合评价。2.话题词汇描述人物外貌和性格特征的常用词语good-looking(长得好看的)ordinary-looking(长相一般的)warm-hearte

88、d(热心肠的)kind-hearted(好心的)absent-minded(心不在焉的)bad-tempered(脾气不好的)easy-going(温和宽容的)3.话题句式(试着替换方框中的黑体部分,变成你要表达的意思)(1)出生及家庭背景He was born in a poor/rich family.When he was a small boy,his father was very strict with him.As the son of a poor family,he lived a hard life .(2)所受教育及所取得的成就He graduated from scie

89、nce department of Peking University .To receive a doctors degree ,he went abroad for further education.He has become one of the most important scientists all over the world.People spoke highly of him and all respected him.【迁移训练】(2020福州高二检测)假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jack想要了解中国的科学家。你决定用英文向他介绍2015年获得诺贝尔医学奖的屠呦呦,因为她发

90、现了青蒿素,为人类防治疟疾做出了巨大贡献。请根据以下要求,写一封回信。内容:1.屠呦呦简介;2.对你的影响。要求:1.词数80个左右;2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:malaria疟疾;artemisinin青蒿素Dear Jack,_ _ _ _Yours,Li Hua【遣词】1.对感兴趣 _2.致力于_3.被授予_ 4.很多的失败和挫折_ 5.受鼓舞_6.对有积极的影响_be interested in devoted.to doing.be awarded.numerous failures and setbacksinspired by.h

91、ave a positive effect on.【造句】1.完成句子(1)我很高兴向你介绍我最喜欢的科学家。I am _my favorite scientist.(2)她的名字叫屠呦呦。_Tu Youyou.(3)屠呦呦是一位伟大的化学家、科学家。Tu Youyou is a _.(4)她致力于研究疟疾的治疗方法。She _the cure of malaria.more than happy to introduce to youHer name isgreat chemist and scientistdevoted most of her time to finding(5)她对世界

92、的贡献如此之大以至于成为包括我在内的许多人的偶像。_she has become an idol of many people,including me.So great is her contribution to the world that2.句式升级(6)用定语从句连接(1)(2)两句。_.(7)用同位语改写(4)(5)两句。_.I am more than happy to introduce to you my favorite scientist,whose nameis Tu YouyouTu Youyou,a great chemist and scientist,devot

93、ed most of her time to findingthe cure for malaria【成篇】Dear Jack,Im glad to know that you are interested in Chinese great scientists.I am more than happy to introduce to you my favorite scientist,whose name is TuYouyou.Tu Youyou,a great chemist and scientist,devoted most of her time to finding the cu

94、re for malaria.In 2015,she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering artemisinin,which is the key to the treatment of malaria.So great is her contribution to the world that she has become an idol of many people,including me.Behind her success were numerous failures and setbacks,but nev

95、er did she give up.Inspired by her story,I decided to study harder so as to realize my dream.I hope her story can also have a positive effect on you.Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua主题活动素养提升The topic:War and peacePros:People fight against the dark.It makes a nation gain dependence.See

96、k freedom for our country.Liberate the world.Cons:It is cruel.It brings disaster to human beings.Make people homeless.Live a miserable life.What do you think of war and peace?why?Your opinion:_The reason:_I think we should love peace and protect the world from beingat war.The war brings disaster to

97、human beings.With nations at war,thousands and thousands of people are left homeless.Only in a world full ofpeace can we live a happy life and make our planet a better place to live on.名作赏读素养培优【导语】在纳尼亚的大锅潭瀑布,阴险狡诈的无尾猿速移假借阿斯兰的名义与卡乐门人勾结,企图占领纳尼亚,纳尼亚的国王缇瑞安被囚禁。一千年前以阿斯兰之名的召唤回到纳尼亚的七位王者进入缇瑞安的梦境,听到了他的求救,于是,尤斯

98、塔斯与吉尔重返纳尼亚,解救出缇瑞安国王,与卡乐门人爆发纳尼亚的最后一战。不料世界末日来临,纳尼亚已是一片生灵涂炭,随着星辰殒落、太阳垂死,纳尼亚终究会灭亡吗?The Last Battle(excerpt)“The Eagle is right,”said the Lord Digory.“Listen,Peter.When Aslansaid you could never go back to Narnia,he meant the Narnia you were thinking of.But that was not the real Narnia.That had a beginni

99、ng and an end.It was only a shadow or a copy of the real Narnia,which has always been here and always will be here:just as our world,England and all,is only a shadow or copy of something in Aslans real world.You need not mourn over Narnia,Lucy.All of the old Narnia that mattered,all the dear creatur

100、es,have been drawn into the real Narnia through the Door.And of course it is different;as different as a real thing is from a shadow or as waking life is from a dream.”His voice stirred everyone like a trumpet as he spoke these words:but when he added under his breath“Its all in Plato,all in Plato:b

101、less me,what do they teach them at these schools!”the older ones laughed.It was so exactly like the sort of thing they had heard him say long ago in that other world where his beard was grey instead of golden.He knew why they were laughing and joined in the laugh himself.But very quickly they all be

102、came grave again:for,as you know,there is a kind of happiness and wonder that makes you serious.It is too good to waste on jokes.It is as hard to explain how this sunlit land was different from the old Narnia,as it would be to tell you how the fruits of that country taste.Perhaps you will get some i

103、dea of it if you think like this.You may have been in a room in which there was a window that looked out on a lovely bay of the sea or a green valley that wound away among mountains.And in the wall of that room opposite to the window there may have been a looking glass.And as you turned away from th

104、e window you suddenly caught sight of that sea or that valley,all over again,in the looking glass.And the sea in the mirror,or the valley in the mirror,was in one sense just the same as the real ones:yet at the same time they were somehow different deeper,more wonderful,more like places in a story:i

105、n a story you have never heard but very much want to know.The difference between the old Narnia and the new Narnia was like that.The new one was a deeper country:every rock and flower and blade of grass looked as if it meant more.I cant describe it any better than that:if you ever get there you will

106、 know what I mean.It was the unicorn who summed up what everyone was feeling.He stamped his right fore-hoof on the ground and neighed,and then cried:“I have come home at last!This is my real country!I belong here.This is the land I have been looking for all my life,though I never knew it till now.Th

107、e reason why we loved the old Narnia is that it sometimes looked a little like this.Bree-hee-hee!Come further up,come further in!”He shook his mane and sprang forward into a great gallop a unicorns gallop,which,in our world,would have carried him out of sight in a few moments.But now a most strange

108、thing happened.Everyone else began to run,and they found,to their astonishment,that they could keep up with him:not only the dogs and the humans but even fat little Puzzle and short-legged Pogginthe Dwarf.The air flew in their faces as if they were driving fast in a car without a windscreen.The country flew past as if they were seeing it from the windows of an express train.Faster and faster they raced,but no one got hot or tired or out of breath.