CHINA DAILY《中国日报》双语精读24节气之19：立冬 备考2023年高考英语.docx

1、 July 12, 2022 24 Solar Terms: 8 things you may not know about Start of Winter24节气:关于立冬你可能不知道的8件事The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, (Chinese: 立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on Nov 8 and ends on Nov 22.中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气

2、。立冬，(中文:立冬)，今年的第19个节气，从11月8日开始，到11月22日结束。Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.立冬是冬天的第一个节气，这意味着冬天即将到来，秋天收获的作物应该储存起来。Here are eight things you should know about Start of Winter.以下是关于立冬你应该知道的八件事。Beginning of wi

3、nter or not 是否是冬天的开始In ancient times, the Chinese people took the Start of Winter to be the beginning of the winter. In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology. The climate every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And with

4、 the vast territory of China, winter in every area doesnt begin at the same time.在古代，中国人把立冬作为冬天的开始。其实立冬从气象学上来说并不是冬天的开始。每年的气候都是不同的，所以冬天的开始会有很大的不同。由于中国幅员辽阔，每个地区的冬天并不同时开始。Welcoming the winter in ancient times古代迎冬The four beginnings of the seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the St

5、art of Winter, an ancient emperor would take a shower and eat no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the suburbs and perform the ceremony of welcoming the winter.四季的开始是古代重要的节日。在冬天来临之前，古代的皇帝会洗个澡，然后不再吃肉。在那一天，皇帝会带领他的官员到郊区，举行“迎冬”仪式Eating dumplings吃饺子A legend has it that at th

6、e end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25-220), Medical Saint Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan province from a typhoid epidemic and their ears from being frostbitten around Start of Winter.He cooked mutton, hot peppers and herbs to dispel the cold and increase body heat. He wrapped these ingr

7、edients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape. Since then, people have learned to make the food, which became known as a dumpling. Today there is still a saying that goes Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day or your ears will be frostbitten.相传东汉末年(公元25-220年)，医圣张仲景在河南省救了许多人，使他们免于伤寒流行病，也使他

8、们的耳朵免于冬初冻伤。他煮了羊肉、辣椒和草药来驱寒和增加体温。他把这些配料包成面皮，做成耳朵形状。从那以后，人们学会了做这种食物，这就是众所周知的“饺子”。今天仍然有一句谚语说“冬天开始时吃饺子，否则你的耳朵会冻伤”。Yifan Festival of Mulam ethnic minority仫佬族“一帆节”Yifan Festival is one of the most important festivals of the Mulam ethnic minority in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It is held around the St

9、art of Winter every three to five years and lasts one to three days. The festival includes inviting the gods, offering sacrifices, asking the gods to enjoy the sacrifice, singing the praises of the gods, drinking wine with the blood of a chicken, and sending the gods off.“一帆节”是广西壮族自治区仫佬族最重要的节日之一。它每三

10、到五年在冬季开始时举行，持续一到三天。节日包括请神、祭祀、请神赏祭、歌颂神、饮鸡血酒、送别神。Nourishing the winter冬天进补On the first day of Start of Winter, there is a custom, nourishing the winter, in Southeast China, in places such as Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces. To prepare for the coming of a cold winter, people there like to eat hi

11、gh-calorie foods, such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and fish, which are usually stewed with the four traditional Chinese medicines: angelica, ligusticum wallichii, Chinese herbaceous peony and rehmannia glutinosa libosch, to enhance the effectiveness of the nourishment.在冬天开始的第一天，在中国东南部，如福建、广东和台湾省

12、，有一个习俗，叫“冬天滋补”。为了应对寒冷的冬天，那里的人们喜欢吃高热量的食物，如鸡，鸭，牛，羊肉和鱼，这些食物通常与当归，川芎，白芍和地黄这四种中药一起炖，以提高营养的有效性。Eating Chinese pumpkins吃倭瓜In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chinese pumpkins (wogua). It is a common vegetable in North China. Generally, the pumpkins are bought

13、in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter when they are taken out.在天津，立冬的第一天，人们会吃倭瓜馅的饺子。它是中国北方常见的蔬菜。一般来说，倭瓜是在夏天买的，储存到立冬时取出。Eatingtuanziin Wuxi在无锡吃团子On the first day of Start of Winter, people in Wuxi have a custom of eatingtuanzi, a kind of traditional Chinese food made with rice. At this t

14、ime, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market, and thetuanzimade from the newly-harvested crops taste delicious. Most rural residents maketuanzithemselves, while urban residents buy ready-madetuanzi. Thetuanzistuffing can be sweet bean paste, radish or lard.在冬天开始的第一天，无锡人有吃团子的习俗，这是一种用

15、大米制成的传统中国食物。此时秋粮作物刚刚上市销售，用新收获的作物做成的团子味道鲜美。大多数农村居民自己做团子，而城市居民买现成的团子。团子馅可以是豆沙、萝卜或猪油。Offering sacrifices to ancestors祭祖The Start of Winter, when the autumn crops have been placed in storage, was a time for festival among the people of the Manchu Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners in Benxi of Liaoning

16、province. Incense was burned and sacrifices offered to ancestors. The Eight Banners (baqi) were administrative/military divisions during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).立冬，秋收时，是辽宁本溪满族八旗和汉族八旗人民的节日。焚香祭祖。八旗是清朝(1644-1911)时期的行政/军事区划。NOTES红色：词汇蓝色：短语黄色：语法总结，长难句阅读综合练习在文后which means winter is coming：定语从句，关系词whi

17、ch代替先行词Start of Winter在从句中做主语。 harvested in autumn ：过去分词做后置定语，修饰crops。store up：储存；积聚 in terms of ：依据；按照；在方面The bookis well organized in termsofplot.这本书的故事布局十分严谨。meteorology/mitirldi/n. 气象状态，气象学territory/tertri/n. 领土，版图，领地A legend has it that .：that引导的同位语从句表示legend的内容。saint/sent/n. （基督教追封的）圣者，圣徒；圣人Me

18、dical Saint：医圣typhoid/tafd/adj. 伤寒的；n. 伤寒epidemic/epdemk/n. 流行病，传染病frostbitten/frstbtn / adj. 冻伤的；受霜害的Hisfrostbittenfingerslookquitescary.他冻伤的手指看着很吓人。frostbite /frstbat/ n. 冻伤，冻疮 v. 冻伤，遭受霜冻dough /d/n. 生面团a dough skin：面皮which became known as a dumpling：定语从句，关系代词which代替先行词the food 在从句中做主语。there is sti

19、ll a saying that goes Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day or your ears will be frostbitten：定语从句，关系代词that指代先行词saying在从句中做主语。ethnic/enk/adj. （有关）种族的，民族的；少数民族的ethnic minority：少数民族which are usually stewed with the four traditional Chinese medicines：定语从句，关系代词which指代先行词foods在从句中做主语。stew/stju/v. 炖，煨 n. 炖煮

20、的菜肴angelica/ndelk/n. 当归ligusticum wallichii川芎Chinese herbaceous peony白芍rehmannia glutinosa libosch地黄enhance/nhns/v. 增强，提高，改善Large paintings can enhance the feeling of space in small rooms. 大幅画作能增加小房间的宽敞感。nourishment /nrmnt/ n.滋养品，营养；营养状况stuff with ：用把堵住；用装/填/塞made with rice：过去分词做后置定语，修饰foodthetuanzi

21、 made from the newly-harvested crops taste delicious ：句子的主干是the tuanzi taste delicious，made过去分词短语做后置定语修饰the tuanzi，newly-harvested 过去分词做定语修饰crops。stuffing/stf/n. （烹饪前塞在鸡、蔬菜等里的）填料，馅stuff v. 塞进，填进；填满，装满She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes.她得把500份传单装进信封里。paste/pest/n. 面糊，糊状物；糨糊； 肉（或鱼等）酱v. （尤指用浆

22、糊）黏，贴sweet bean paste：豆沙radish/rd/n. 小萝卜lard/ld/n. 猪油v. 嵌（肥肉）在其他肉中；涂抹猪油于；润色，点缀；盖满when the autumn crops have been placed in storage：定语从句，关系副词when代替先行词the Start of Winter在从句中做时间状语。storage /strd/n. 储存，贮藏；（信息的）存储，存储空间incense/nsens/n. 香administrative /dmnstrtv/ adj. 管理的，行政的Administrative work occupies ha

23、lf of my time. 行政事务占用了我一半的时间。division /dv()n/n. 分开分配；除法；部门一、阅读理解。1. Which of the following is not true about Start of Winter?A.It does not exactly mean the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology.B.Winter in different areas may begin at different timeC.Ancient emperors would probably not eat mea

24、t on this day.D. Crops should be stored up on the first day of Start of Winter.2.Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food which _.A.may originate from the end of the Western Han Dynasty. B. will make your ears frostbittenC. were originally made into an ear shapeD. will dispel the cold 3. wha

25、ts the meaning of the underlined word “enhance”?A.balance B.dispel C. improve D. encounter4.We can learn from the passage that _.A. the four traditional Chinese medicines can improve the effectiveness of tasteB. people in Wuxi prefer to eat tuanzi with newly-harvested crops. C. dumplings were made w

26、ith newly-harvested Chinese pumpkins.D.people of the Manchu Eight Banners offered sacrifices to gods. 答案：DCCB二、七选五（两项多余）As the autumn colors fade over time, cold days are well underway. The Start of Winter( also the Beginning of Winter), or Lidong (立冬) in Chinese pinyin, the 19th of the 24 solar ter

27、ms in China, begins this year on Nov. 7 and ends on Nov. 21. 1. _. For the northern hemisphere, biting winds blow from the north, crops harvested in autumn have been stored up, and creatures begin to rest and hibernate for the coming winter.Three phases of Lidong2. _. Lidong is divided into three ph

28、ases.In the first phase of Lidong, water begins to freeze. Ice often encrusts lakes in just one night in northern China, which reminds people of the coming cold winter. 3._.The second phase of Lidong brings frozen ground. The thin ice is easily broken and creaks if stepped on. The ice covers and pro

29、tects crops and farmlands from pests and diseases, so farmers can prepare for sowing in the following year.Birds are rarely seen in the third phase. As migratory birds move south and resident birds store their food in the nest, the sky often seems lonely without its winged friends.Traditional custom

30、sOn the day of Lidong, people wouldtreat themselves with feasts, as a reward for their hard work during the busy months. There were alsoancient ritualsto be done on this day, many of which have been abandoned for a long time, yet the culinary traditions have been well preserved over generations.Some

31、 brave swimming enthusiasts take a dive in cold rivers to celebrate the Beginning of Winter, and of course, to exercise their bodies.Nourishing timeAs leaves fall and animals hibernate, 4._, while people prepare and eat nutritious food to ward off illnesses.Feed your stomach on the Beginning of Wint

32、er, and you will be as strong as a tiger in the coming spring. (立冬有食补，春来勇如虎。) The Chinese proverb perfectly illustrates how people prepared to spend the chilly winter. In northern China, it is customary toeat dumplingsduring the winter days. As one of the major dishes in China, it is nothing if not

33、varied in its rich selection of fillings. For people in southern China,high-calorie food such as beef, chicken, mutton, and fish is their favoritesduring the days of Lidong, and can provide sufficient energy and fat to help them see the winter out.Turn of the yearThe year will soon pass by, and Lido

34、ng is the beginning of the end. For the northern hemisphere, the days are getting colder and nights longer. 5. _. Most countries are pooling efforts to control the pandemic, develop vaccines and recover their economy. Despite the difficult situation, the international community should join hands to

35、rise to the challenge and resolutely defeat the disease together. The final victory is to be shared by all.A. In cold days, the danger of a new wave of COVID-19 has become dreadfully real in many countries.B.Li (立) refers to the start of a season as well as the change of seasons. C.If winter comes,

36、spring wont be far behind.D. some living creatures begin to rest and store energy for the cold daysE. ancient people stored enough food long before icy winds which might dry out their bodies.F. To cope with the shifting weather, ancient Chinese people gave specific names to different phases of a sol

37、ar term. G. Dew formed overnight also freezes into ice crystals in a myriad of shapes in the early morning, glittering in the sunlight.答案：BFGDA三选词填空。（用单词的适当形式填空）store up frostbite stuff divide in terms of 1. Sometimesdoctorshave toremove_ areas likefingersandtoes.2. Heworkedforaresearch_ofit.3. Squi

38、rrels usually_nutsforthe comingwinter.4. What doesthismean_cost?5. Hesat atthe table _ himself.答案：1. frostbitten 2. division 3. store up 4. intermsof5. stuffing 四 在右栏中找出左栏单词的解释。1. territory 2. administrative 3. enhance 4.stew 5. nourishment A. food that is needed to stay alive, grow and stay healthyB. connected with organizing the work of a business or an institutionC. to cook sth slowlyD. to increase or further improve the good qualityE. land that is under the control of a particular country or ruler 答案：EBDCA