Unit 4 Exploring literature 语言知识 拓展阅读 话题写作-2023-2024学年高一英语【知识夯基练.docx

1、 Unit 4 Exploring literature (必修第二册)单元整体分析单元主题本单元的主题语境是人与社会，话题是文学作品，涉及的语篇类型有说明文、推荐信、小说(节选)、海报等。本单元的教学旨在帮助学生认识阅读文学作品的意义，体验文学作品的魅力。在本单元教学中，教师不仅要指导学生阅读原汁原味的英美文学经典作品，增强学生的阅读兴趣和动力，提升文学鉴赏能力，还要通过介绍优秀文学作品的特点，阐释阅读文学经典著作的意义，促进学生对美的追求和对生活的热爱。核心素养(1) 语言能力：通过阅读文学作品，掌握阅读文学作品的方法；理解情态动词的表意特征，并正确使用情态动词进行意义表达。(2) 文化意

2、识：理解优秀文学作品的特点，体验文学的魅力，认同阅读文学作品对自我发展的意义；(3) 思维品质：发现并理解文学语篇中所包含的不同文化元素，理解其中的寓意；(4) 学习能力：培养文学阅读的习惯与兴趣；与同伴合作，完成一张海报，介绍一位作家。第一部分 语言知识问题：本单元有哪些与主题话题相关的核心词汇?这些词汇如何变形?词汇教学该如何与高考对接?活动一 核心词汇请根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。1. I was impressed by his _(devote) to research, but I did not have the slightest interest in his the

3、ories.2. The idea of getting well paid just by working at home in flexible time rather than spending hours commuting sounds _(appeal).3. Its the unique kind of courage and _(determine) that makes him such a remarkable character.4. This experience is a reminder to me that we all need to be _(sense) t

4、o our aging loved ones, and how often they experience loss.5. It is _(universe) acknowledged that by reading the abstracts, you can determine which articles are worth reading in full.6. Only by writing things down could I bring some sort of order to the _(confuse). 7. Could humanity stop its _(destr

5、oy) ways and restore the balance with living nature?8. They had lived and worked in the country for 10 years before they applied for _(permanence) residence.9. Any given culture is a _(reflect) of the politics and economics of a given society. 10. Public transportation cards _(feature) cultural reli

6、cs are among the best-selling creative products.答案：1. devotion 2. appealing3. determination 4. sensitive5. universally6. confusion7. destructive8. permanent9. reflection 10. featuring活动二 重点短语问题： 本单元中有哪些重要短语和固定搭配?如何更好地运用这些短语和搭配?根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。in store for; in particular; draw on; reflect on; c

7、lear up; in summary; appeal to1. Doctors hope public advertisements might _ people who would otherwise not be tested at all. 2. Theres a surprise party _ the girl who has won first prize in the piano competition. 3. _ his own experience, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like

8、at that time.4. After a five hours meeting, the manager decides to have a cup of cup to _ his mind.5. Every book by that writer is good, but I like the one about a small town in France_.答案：1. appeal to2. in store for3. Drawing on4. clear up 5. in particular活动三 必备句型问题：本单元有哪些学生必备句型？如何有效梳理这些实用句型？如何操练这些

9、句型并运用在写作中？课文原句(1) 每本书的背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。 _(2) 它也呈现出个人风格没有哪个作家在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生活和经历的。 _仿写句子(3) What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. 让孩子为之惊奇的不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的音乐。仿写：_ 让我感到困惑的是我莫大的付出到头来还是徒劳无功。(4) Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or

10、 a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. 我从来没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。仿写：_ 我做梦都没想过坐动车不到两个小时就可以到南京了。翻译句子(5) 在我们的生活中，我们已经到了应该自己做出决定的地步了。 _(6) 这个聪明的小男孩在墙上挖了个小洞，通过这个小洞，他可以看见屋里发生的事情。_答案：(1) Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social en

11、vironments.(2) It also takes on a personal styleno writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.(3) What confused me was that my great efforts turned out to be in vain.(4) Never have I imagined that I could arrive in Nanjing in two hours by high-speed train.(5) We h

12、ave reached a point in our life where we are supposed to make decisions of our own. (6) The clever boy dug a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was going on inside the house.自选佳句 _ _ _ _活动四 单元语法：情态动词问题：有哪些常见的情态动词？情态动词怎么分类记忆？情态动词有哪些表意特征？1. 基础知识(1) can与could 表示能力，意为“能，会”； 表示推测，强调客观可能性，意

13、为“可能”。(2) may与might 表示推测，有“或许、也许、可能”的意思； 表示祝愿，意为“祝，愿”； may/might well意为“极可能，很可能”，主要用于加强推测的语气，表示具有较大的可能性； may/might as well意为“最好，不妨，还是的好”，相当于had better。(3) must 表示“必须、必要”； 表示“偏偏，偏要，非得”，指令人不快的事情。(4) shall与should shall用于一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求对方的意见； shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等； shall用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义

14、务或规定，意为“应该，必须”； should表示劝告、建议、命令，意为“应当，应该，可以”； should表示推测、推论或可能性，意为“可能，按道理说该”； should表示惊讶、难以相信或不应该的事，意为“竟然，竟会”； 在if引导的虚拟语气条件从句中，若含有should, 可以省略if把should提前，构成倒装：(5) will与would 表示意愿、意图和决心，意为“要，愿意”； 表示请求或征求意见，would比will更为客气； 表示经常性、习惯性动作，意为“经常，总是”，will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。(6) need与dare need和dare既可作实义动词，

15、又可作情态动词； dare作情态动词时，直接跟动词原形；作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定句、疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。(7) 情态动词+have done must have done表示对过去事情做出的肯定推测，意为“一定干了某事”； should/ought to have done表示过去“本应该干某事(而事实上没有干)”； can/could have done可以表示“本可以干某事(而事实上没有干)”；也可表示推测“可能干了某事”； would have done表示“本来会干某事”，但事实并非如此； neednt have

16、 done表示“本不必干某事(而实际上已经干了)”。2. 根据句意，选用适当的情态动词填空(1) Congratulations to you on winning first prize in the English Speaking Competition. You_ have been practicing it a lot recently. (2) It is strange that the mean man _ give away all his money to those orphans.(3) If you _ have a cigarette, choose a seat

17、 in the first row of the smoking section. (4) According to the school rules, no child _ be allowed out of school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.(5) We will make the final decision on this issue. _ you change your mind, please inform us immediately.(6) Passengers _ talk to the driver w

18、hile the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.(7) It is raining heavily outside. You _ as well stay here for the night.(8) Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open. (9) Will you read me a story, Mum? Ok. You _ have o

19、ne if you go to bed as soon as possible. (10) It _ be really cold in November in Nanjing though we usually have warm and sunny days. 答案：(1) must(2) should(3) must(4) shall(5) Shouldmustnt(7) may/might(8) wont (9) shall(10) can3. 语篇填空Dear Toby, I was glad to receive your letter and am happy to tell y

20、ou (1)_ I think about winter swimming. I know that you are a huge sports fan and like swimming very much. Im pretty sure you can swim very well. Scientific studies have also provided evidence for health benefits. Winter swimming contributes to better general well-being both physically and (2)_(menta

21、l). Winter swimmers tend to have a less chance of infections and appear to be (3)_(energetic). However, winter swimming (4)_ be quite dangerous to people who are not used to swimming in cold water.You (5)_ be worried at all. As your best friend, I have some sincere advice for you. Firstly, I suggest

22、 you (6)_ join a swimming club where you can learn from an experienced coach and find other enthusiastic swimming partners. Besides, practise more through summer and winter. When winter comes, you can swim for just a few minutes step by step at noon every day. Dont forget to do some warming-up exerc

23、ise as a (7)_(prepare) before you swim. (8)_ , you may hurt yourself. Last but not least, (9)_(protect) yourself from any possible dangers, you mustnt eat or drink too much before swimming. It is also important to find a safe place in advance (10)_ you can get in and out of the water easily.Yours, B

24、en答案：(1) what(2) mentally(3) more energetic(4) can(5) neednt/shouldnt(6) should(7) preparation(8) Otherwise(9) to protect(10) where建议1. 培养学生自主梳理、复习本单元主题相关的重点词汇、短语的能力，促使学生更好地运用这些语言知识；2. 加强重点句型和自选佳句的诵读，为写作输出积累基础；3. 鼓励学生在情境中理解与使用语法规则进行意义表达；4. 引导学生回归课本，读熟单元中的话题语篇，积累与话题相关的素材。第二部分 拓展阅读问题1. 如何通过群文阅读帮助学生进一步

25、深入体会和理解单元话题，感受文学的魅力？问题2. 如何通过语篇阅读，训练学生的阅读策略？活动一 阅读理解A【语篇类型】 记叙文【核心素养】 学习能力、思维品质The literary world has a new star. Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this years winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “sympathetic description of the effects of colonialism (殖民主义) and the fate of the r

26、efugees (难民)”.Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania. In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering

27、caused by war and colonialism.“The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world,” Gurnah told The New York Times.His 1994 novel Paradise, which tells the story of a boy growing up in early 20th century Tanzania, marked his breakthrough a

28、s a novelist and won the Booker Prize. Afterlives, his most recent work, continues the narrative of Paradise and takes place during the period of German colonialism in Tanzania.Before he retired, Gurnah,73, was a professor of English and Postcolonial Literatures at the University of Kent in England.

29、 Although Gurnahs first language is Swahili, he adopted English as his literary language. His writing often contains traces of Arabic, Swahili and German, as well.Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognized as one of the worlds more preeminent post-colonia

30、l writers”.Ethiopian-American novelist Maaza Mengiste described Gunahs writings as being “like a gentle blade (刀刃) slowly moving in”. “He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely sympathetic and full of heart for people of East Africa,” Mengiste said. “He is

31、writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who arent heard, but theres an insistence there that we listen.”1. What are Gurnahs works mainly about?A. The life of the people in Tanzania.B. Effects of war and colonialism.C. Experiences of living abroad.D. Growth in an underdeveloped nation.

32、2. What can we know about Gurnah?A. He was inspired to write by his refugee experience.B. He used to be a professor of law and literature.C. He publishes his works in Arabic and Swahili.D. He was not well-known until he won the Nobel Prize.3. What does the underlined word “preeminent” in paragraph 5

33、 probably mean?A. Awful.B. Potential.C. Outstanding.D. Particular.4. What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnahs writing?A. It is elegantly written in his native language.B. It is widely welcomed by people around the world.C. It is powerful and employs sharp language.D. It calls for attention to the l

34、ife of the underclass.答案：1. B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this years winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “sympathetic description of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”可知，Gurnah的作品主要与战争和殖民主义的影响有关。故选B项。2. A。推理判断题。根据文章第二段In 1964, Gurnah was

35、forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories及The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world可推知，Gurnah的难民经历激发了他写作的灵感。故选A项。3. C。词句猜测题。根据第五段前文Gurnah “is widely

36、recognized”可知，Gurnah是优秀的作家，获得了诺贝尔文学奖，被全世界认可。故选C项。4. D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely sympathetic and full of heart for people of East Africa可知，Maaza Mengiste认为Gurnah的作品呼吁人们关注下层社会的生活。 故选D项。B【语篇类型】 说明文【核心素养】 学习能力、思维品质Sometimes a book

37、comes along that isnt just “interesting” or “well done” its a book where it seems like the author looked into your brain and wrote a book specifically for you. A book like that for me was released this week. Its called 100 Things Weve Lost to the Internet, written by editor Pamela Paul.Paul lists 10

38、0 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely: writing letters, print newspapers, the joys of being bored, and not having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket.As Im a longtime accumulator of random knowledge, certain entries on the listBeing the Only O

39、ne, Figuring Out Who That Actor ishit me where I live; remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds.On and on the list goes, with every minor shift adding to the pile. What this book does so well is illustrate the growth

40、of that pile; while any individual item might be no big deal, the collected set is significant. Its a list of ways in which the world now is different from the world then.Obviously, Paul isnt saying that everything back then was better. Time marches on, after all. and its tough to argue against the

41、many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives. But that isnt really the point. Its not about whether it used to be better. Its that it used to be different.100 Things Weve Lost to the Internet is a fun read for those of us who share some of Pauls memories and experiences. We remember wh

42、at it was like and we like to remember. The landscape has shifted, and no doubt it will shift again as technologys advancement continues rapidly. This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made, sometimes something is lost.5. What is the purpose of the text?A. To review a

43、nd recommend a good read. B. To comment on the effect of the Internet.C. To argue for the viewpoint of a new book. D. To urge the readers to value what they have.6. Which might be entries on Pauls list?A. Maps and Eye Contact.B. E-pay and Compact Disks.C. Postcards and Homeschooling D. Bad Photos an

44、d Washing Machines.7. What does the underlined phrase “hit me where I live” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Prove what Im good at.B. Introduce how I grew up.C. Describe the place I live in. D. Speak out what is on my mind.8. What conclusion has the author drawn after reading Pauls book?A. Things in the past

45、are better. B. There are no gains without pains.C. The internet is a double-edged sword. D. Technology is constantly changing the world.答案：5. A。推理判断题。根据题目找主旨定位到文章第一段中A book like that for me was released this week. Its called 100 Things Weve Lost to the Internet, written by editor Pamela Paul. 后续的文段都

46、在介绍此书，可知文章的目的是回顾并推荐一本好书。故选A。6. A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Paul lists 100 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely: writing letters, print newspapers, the joys of being bored, and not having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket可知，地图和眼神交流被互联网改变了，会出现在他的清单上。故选A。7.

47、D。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds可知作为一个长时间收集各种随机知识的人，清单上的一些内容打动了我，说出了我心中所想。故选D。8. B。推断判断题。根据最后一段This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made, sometimes something is

48、 lost可推断，读了保罗的书以后，作者得出结论，不劳无获。故选B。活动二 完形填空【语篇类型】 记叙文【核心素养】 语言能力、思维品质Many people, whose lives are filled with one fortunate event after another, dont understand how the other half, the 1 half lives. Luis J. Rodriguez in his autobiography, Always Running, brings the 2 into his world with in-depth desc

49、riptions of his 3 .After moving from Mexico to America at the age of two, Rodriguez 4 on the streets of Los Angeles. His youth is filled with drugs, gang violence, and racism against Mexicans. By his late teens, Rodriguez has already 5 it all, and is trying to get away from it.As Rodriguez took me t

50、hrough his life, I experienced many 6 : hatred as he describes the police; fear during gang wars; 7 when he makes a difference in his community.Rodriguezs intention of telling his story is to help others avoid the pain and suffering he experienced, and to show kids they can 8 that type of life. Beca

51、use thats not a life Ive ever known, the bookdidnt have that 9 on me, but I was able to understand his difficulties.Rodriguez 10 sees a chance to leave and tries to bring his friends with him. 11 for them, leaving that life is like deserting their family, and they are still 12 to get out of pain.Rea

52、ding this book is like a wake-up call: you see how 13 others lives are and feel extremely lucky for what you have. His 14 is that its always possible to extricate (解救) yourself.When Rodriguez is 16, he realizes gang wars, racism, and hatred must stop. If the world were able to xxx15xxx this, future

53、generations wouldnt have to live that kind of life.1. A. unlucky B. braveC. homelessD. poor2. A. runner B. readerC. victimD. friend3. A. youth B. countryC. familyD. change4. A. turns up B. brings upC. looks aroundD. grows up5. A. doneB. defeatedC. experiencedD. described6. A. strugglesB. painsC. emo

54、tionsD. wonders7. A. prideB. gratitudeC. disbeliefD. uncertainty8. A. treasureB. rebuildC. sacrificeD. escape9. A. valueB. effectC. stressD. control10. A. instantlyB. probablyC. eventuallyD. effortlessly11. A. UninterestinglyB. UnfortunatelyC. AmazinglyD. Naturally12. A. likelyB. readyC. unwillingD.

55、 unable13. A. differentB. meaninglessC. plainD. adventurous14. A. promiseB. achievementC. messageD. story15. A. studyB. recognizeC. predictD. reserve答案：1. A。许多人的生活中充满了一个接一个的幸运事件，却不理解另一半，也就是不幸的那一半人的生活。2. B。Luis J. Rodriguez在他的自传总是在奔跑中深入描述了他的青春，将读者带入他的世界。3. A。同上，第二段中His youth is filled with drugs.可推测得

56、出。4. D。Rodriguez两岁时从墨西哥搬到美国，在洛杉矶的街头长大。5. C。到了十几岁的时候，Rodriguez已经经历了这一切，并试图摆脱它。6. C。当Rodriguez向我讲述他的一生时，我感受到了许多情感：他描述警察时，我感到了仇恨；帮派战争中的恐惧；为自己的社区做出贡献而感到自豪。7. A。同上。8. D。Rodriguez讲述他的故事的目的是帮助其他人避免他所经历的痛苦和苦难，并向孩子们表明他们可以逃避那种生活。9. B。因为我从未经历过这样的生活，这本书对我没有那么大的影响，但我能够理解他的困难。10. C。Rodriguez最终看到了离开的机会，并试图带着他的朋友们一

57、起离开。11. B。不幸的是，对他们来说，离开这种生活就像抛弃他们的家庭，他们仍然无法摆脱痛苦。12. D。同上。13. A。读这本书就像一个警钟：你看到了别人的生活是多么的不同，并为自己所拥有的感到无比幸运。14. C。他传达的信息是，你永远有可能解脱出来。15. B。如果世界能够认识到这一点，后代就不必过那样的生活了。建议1. 指导学生在阅读过程中归纳段落大意、分析长难句、猜测词义等；2. 引导学生总结归纳所选语篇的大意、写作目的、作者的情感态度；3. 引领学生关注语篇主题语境与相关话题，揣摩体会文学语言承载的丰富内涵。第三部分 话题写作问题：本单元话题写作训练读后续写，如何梳理续写线索？

58、如何使续作结构完整、逻辑合理、语言恰当？活动一 词块积累1. an excellent listener as well as a good adviser2. an unexpected cooperation3. have a gift/talent for 4. have the privilege to5. sponsor/fund6. delighted/overjoyed/over the moon活动二 读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My writing career began quite accidentally. It w

59、as all because of my friend Henry.Born into a poor family, Henry had no chance to attend school. He couldnt read but he liked my reading for him greatly. One day I played a little trick on Henry. I was reading him a story from my textbook. Suddenly I moved away from the story and made up my own, pre

60、tending to turn pages regularly. Henry, of course, had no idea at all. Upon finishing the story, Henry began to clap. “That was the best story youve read me in a long time,” he said, still clapping.I laughed. “Really?” “It was great. Will you read me more of it tomorrow?”“Fascinating,” I thought, fe

61、eling like a man who discovered a buried treasure in his own backyard. That same night, I tried writing my first short story. It was a story about a man who found a magic cup. If he cried into the cup, his tears turned into pearls, but he was a happy man and rarely cried. So he managed to find ways

62、to make himself sad. The story ended with the man sitting on a mountain of pearls, unable to feel happy any longer. The next day, I ran to Henry after school, asking him to hear the story and told him I wrote it last night. Henry was totally absorbed in it, his face shifting as the story developed.

63、“Some day, you will be a great writer,” Henry said. “And your stories will be read all over the world. But can I ask a question? Why didnt the man just eat some onions to make himself cry to get pearls?” I was shocked because I never expected Henry could be helpful to my writing. I rewrote it and wi

64、th Henrys encouragement, I sent it to a magazine. To my surprise, it was published and sold well. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。【设计意图】 引导学生梳理续写线索：向Henry求助发现Henry的天赋故事出版，得到报酬想帮助Henry资助Henry接受教育Henry的感受。Whenever I finished a new story, I would turn to Henry. I decided to use the money to help

65、 Henry. 【参考范文】Whenever I finished a new story, I would turn to Henry. Gradually, I found Henry was really an excellent listener as well as a good adviser. Although he couldnt read, he had a clear mind and a gift for polishing stories by asking questions. Every time I shared my new stories to him, he

66、 always listened attentively and provided valuable suggestions. I never thought my reading to Henry could arouse his talent for stories, which contributed to an unexpected cooperation. Later, several more stories were published and I was well paid.I decided to use the money to help Henry. However, I

67、 didnt know what Henry wanted most. When he touched the pages dearly on which my stories were printed, it occurred to me that Henry should have the privilege to enjoy the beauty of words too. Therefore, I chose to sponsor his education. Learning what I had done for him, Henry was too moved to say anything but was overjoyed to be my schoolmates. He even joked that he could get pearls, being the happiest man in the world.建议1. 学生续写逻辑不够连贯，鼓励学生拓展阅读增加知识储备；2. 学生续写完整性不足，引导学生反复阅读文本梳理脉络;3. 学生续作语言平淡，加强诵读情绪、动作类词汇表达。