Unit 4单元话题完形填空练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

1、 Unit 4单元话题完形填空练习(名校最新真题)（2022河南洛宁县第一高级中学高一阶段练习）Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have _1_ to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after Chinas Mars probe, Tianwen 1, was _2_ on July 23 last year, there wa

2、s an _3_ wait for its progress. The craft landed_4_ on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both _5_ and celebration in the country. The landing was _6_ exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the worlds pioneering _7_, and shows that Ch

3、ina has _8_the technologies independently. It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in Chinas scientific and technological development in recent decades_9_some failures in exploring outer space. China made its early_10_in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the count

4、ry _11_largely a backward agricultural country. _12_, the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause. Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space,_13_a series of launches that will complete the building of the s

5、pace station around 2022. All these achievements have_14_greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. During its Mars mission, China has worked with European _15_and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.1AbegunBfailedCattemptedDsucceeded2Atransported

6、BdiscoveredClaunchedDsettled3AanxiousBawareCawkwardDamazing4AsuddenlyBsafelyCcalmlyDobviously5AprotestBregretCpityDrelief6Acarried awayBcarried offCcarried outDcarried on7AexplorersBapplicantsCofficialsDeditors8AborrowedBselectedCdevelopedDremoved9AwithoutBbeyondCexceptDdespite10ApromisesBimpactsCin

7、ventionsDbreakthroughs11AbecameBremainedCendedDstarted12AThusBThereforeCFurthermoreDHowever13Agetting offBcutting offCstarting offDputting off14AappealedBcontributedCrespondedDbelonged15AneighboursBfriendsCpartnersDclassmates（2023秋上海高一上海市宜川中学校考期末）Telescope Searching for Space Treasure Unearths Giant

8、 PlanetA giant planet shrouded(遮盖)in clouds, in orbit(轨道)around a star 385 light years from our sun, has been captured by the James Webb Space Telescope in images described as a “_16_ moment for astronomy.”In observations led by a British astronomer, the pioneering telescope focused on a “gas giant”

9、 planet called HIP65426b. It captured images in infrared light(红外光), which allows astronomers to more _17_ calculate the mass and temperature of “exoplanets”the _18_ for planets in orbit around other stars. It should ultimately allow them to detect clouds moving across their surface, _19_ alien weat

10、her patterns on worlds hundreds of light years from our solar system. The images show the planet as “blobs(斑点) of light” in blue, purple, yellow andred hues under various infrared wavelengths.The planet is up to 12 times bigger than Jupiter and orbits about 100 times farther from its host star compa

11、red with the Earths distance from the sun, making it _20_ for astronomers to separate the planet from its star when attempting to capture images of it. The planet is only 15 to 20 million years old, a fraction of the _21_ of the Earth, which is 4.5 billion years old. Like Jupiter and Saturn, it has

12、“no rocky surface and could not be _22_,” NASA said.The _23_ of an exoplanet is usually detected when the light from a distant star appears to become less _24_ at regular intervals, suggesting that a planet is passing across its face once per orbit like a tiny partial eclipse(日偏食). It is extremely d

13、ifficult to capture a direct image of an exoplanet _25_ they are thousands of times fainter than the stars they orbit.James Webb used an instrument called a coronagraph to _26_ light from HiP65426b s host star, which lies in the Centaurus constellation(半人马座), “Obtaining this image felt like _27_ spa

14、ce treasure,” said Aarynn Carter, a researcher at the University of California. “At first, all I could see was light from the star, but with careful image processing, I was able to remove that light and uncover the planet.”Analysis suggests that the planet has a red hue and a temperature of 1,300. T

15、he images could give a clue as to how Jupiter and Saturn looked in their _28_ more than four billion years ago.NASA said, “Webbs view, at longer infrared wavelengths, shows new details that groundbased telescopes would not be able to detect _29_ the intrinsic(本身的)infrared glow of Earths atmosphere.”

16、The telescope has already been used to analyze the _30_ makeup of the atmosphere on another exoplanet, WASP39b, detecting carbon dioxide by analyzing the spectrum(光谱) of light passing through its clouds.16AdifficultBawfulCdramaticDtransformative17AcarefullyBpreciselyCpositivelyDquickly18AtermBreason

17、CexplanationDmaterial19AreportingBforecastingCchangingDrevealing20AclearBimpossibleCeasierDharder21AtimeBageChistoryDdistance22ArenewableBhabitableCdetectableDfeasible23AformBcomponentCexistenceDorbit24AgentleBnaturalCwarmDbright25AbecauseBalthoughCunlessDas if26Alook outBfind outCblock outDmake out

18、27Adigging forBhiding fromCbringing outDmixing into28AinfancyBchildhoodCyouthDpeak29Ain case ofBin the way ofCregardless ofDowing to30AchemicalBphysicalCpsychologicalDmedical（2023高一课时练习）In September 2016, six people came out from a small solar-powered building on the side of a volcano in Hawaii. The

19、y were _31_ of a simulated (模拟的) mission to Mars, and they had been living in the building for nearly one year, _32_ from the rest of the world. This mission to Mars was part of an ongoing _33_ to see how people would deal with the challenges of living on another planet. Based on the _34_ of the exp

20、eriment so far, here are four abilities you would need to _35_ on Mars. The first is Resourcefulness (足智多谋). When the water system broke, the group had two _36_. They could figure out how to fix it or they could _37_ months for supplies to be delivered from “Earth”by which point they would be dead.

21、So they _38_ it themselves. The second is Imagination. The group members have said boredom was a major _39_. On Mars, you wouldnt have Netflix or Xbox, so youd have to _40_ other forms of entertainment (娱乐活动). The third is Tolerance (宽容). The building is only a quarter of the size of a basketball co

22、urt. If youre _41_ annoyed by people, life on Mars might not be for you. Whether eating, working, exercising, or relaxing, you would hardly be _42_. The last is Independence. During a mission, there is no real-time _43_ between the group and anyone on “Earth.” They have email, _44_ messages are on a

23、 20-minute delay (延迟), simulating how long it would take messages to _45_ between Earth and Mars. So you would be removed from the lives of your loved ones back on Earth.31AcaptainsBmembersCastronautsDdirectors32ApulledBkept freeCprotectedDcut off33AexplanationBholidayCexperimentDgame34AresultsBorig

24、insCwishesDrequirements35ArefuseBcopyCargueDsurvive36AtasksBchoicesCdreamsDconditions37AspreadBprepareCwaitDleave38AfixedBwateredCcalledDplanted39AdesireBhabitCabilityDchallenge40AlimitBforgetCfindDleap41AhardlyBeasilyCsecretlyDsuddenly42AaloneBpoliteCsuccessfulDnormal43AcommunicationBsystemCteachin

25、gDmeeting44AsoBbutCifDunless45AescapeBwalkCtravelDchange（2022春江苏常州高一统考期中）It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries _46_ our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being _47_ every week. Up to the present time, astronomers have _48_ more than 370 “exoplanets

26、”planets orbiting (绕运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so _49_ that a year there lasts less than three days. _50_ another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (

27、大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three _51_ orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the _52_ of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of the

28、ir _53_ to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe. Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the _54_: planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distanceneither too hot nor too coldto _55_ life as we know it. We have not yet f

29、ound planets that are quite like our own, _56_ because theyre inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as _57_ and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display._58_ by pushing technology to the _59_, astronomers are rapidly approaching the day whe

30、n they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for _60_ of life.46AexploreBseparateCforgetDdefend47ArevisedBdiscoveredCsavedDcreated48AtravelledBdamagedCrecognizedDignored49AslowlyBeasilyCwronglyDrapidly50ARemovingBCirclingCLightingDShowing51AstarsBmoonsCplanetsDsatellites52Aty

31、peBdistanceCpowerDsize53AauthoritiesBspeciesCsystemsDfacilities54AfamiliarBpreviousCunknownDdistant55AhideBdiscoverCinjureDsupport56AluckilyBinstantlyCprobablyDofficially57AsmallBbrightCblueDclear58AAndBYetCSoDThus59AlimitsBendsCoppositesDbeginnings60AexamplesBdesignsCmeansDsigns（2021春江苏扬州高一统考期末）Aro

32、und 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have _61_ to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after Chinas Mars probe, Tianwen-1, was _62_ on July 23 last year, there was an _63_ wait to learn its progress.The craft la

33、nded _64_ on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both _65_ and celebration in the country. The landing was _66_ exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the worlds pioneering _67_, and shows that China has _68_ the technologies on its ow

34、n.It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in Chinas scientific and technological development in recent decades _69_ some failures to explore outer space.China made its early _70_ in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s _71_ the country remained largely a backward agricult

35、ural country. _72_, the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space, _73_ a series of launches that will complete the building of the station around 2022.All these achi

36、evements have _74_ greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. _75_ its Mars mission, China has worked with European partners and others and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.61AbegunBfailedCattemptedDsucceeded62AtransportedBdiscoveredClaunchedDsettled63AanxiousBawa

37、reCawkwardDamazing64AsuddenlyBsafelyCcalmlyDobviously65AprotestBregretCpityDrelief66Acarried awayBcarried offCcarried outDcarried on67AexplorersBapplicantsCofficialsDeditors68AborrowedBselectedCdevelopedDremoved69AwithoutBbeyondCexceptDdespite70ApromisesBimpactsCinventionsDbreakthroughs71AwhereBwhen

38、CthatDwhich72AThusBThereforeCFurthermoreDHowever73Agetting offBcutting offCstarting offDputting off74AappealedBcontributedCrespondedDbelonged75AUponBBeforeCDuringDAfter参考答案：1B 2C 3A 4B 5D 6C 7A 8C 9D 10D 11B 12D 13C 14B 15C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国成功发射“天问一号”，此次成功登陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未

39、能到达距离地球5500万公里远的行星。A. begun开始；B. failed失败；C. attempted尝试；D. succeeded成功。根据“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和“Yet”可知，超过一半的火星任务失败了。故选B。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. transported运输；B. discovered发现；C. launched发射；D. settled解决。根据“The cra

40、ft landed_4_ on the surface of the planet on Saturday.”和常识可知，天问一号是去年7月23号发射的。故选C。3考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. anxious焦急的；B. aware有意识的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。根据“Yet more than half of them have 1to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth.

41、”可知，火星发射失败率很高，因此在天问一号发射之后，所有人都在焦急等待它的进展情况。故选A。4考查副词词义辨析。句意：该飞船于周六在火星表面安全着陆。A. suddenly突然地；B. safely安全地；C. calmly安静地；D. obviously明显地。根据“The news has been met with both _5_ and celebration in the country.”可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面，举国欢庆。故选B。5考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让这个国家感到宽慰和喜庆。A. protest反对；B. regret后悔；C. pity遗憾；D. rel

42、ief宽慰。根据“The craft landed_4_ on the surface of the planet on Saturday.”可知，飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰。故选D。6考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. carried away带走；B. carried off夺走；C. carried out实施；D. carried on继续。根据“which has made China the latest member of the club of the worlds pio

43、neering _7_,”可知，飞行器安全着陆，因此它的着陆是按计划实行的。故选C。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. explorers探险者；B. applicants申请人；C. officials官员；D. editors编辑。根据“The landing was _6_ exactly as planned,”可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探险，中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者行列。故选A。8考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新

44、成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. borrowed借；B. selected选择；C. developed开发；D. removed开除。根据“the technologies independently”可知，此次火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的。故选C。9考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管在探索外层空间方面有一些失败，但这种敢做敢为的精神在中国近几十年的科技发展中发挥了关键作用。A. without没有，缺乏；B. beyond超过；C. except除之外；D. despite尽管。根据“some failures in exploring outer space.”可知，与主句之间有让

45、步关系，太空探索尽管遇到失败，但是敢做能为的精神在科学技术发展方面起着关键的作用。故选D。10考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A. promises承诺；B. impacts影响；C. inventions发明；D. breakthroughs突破。根据“in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s”和下文的“the country has made the most of what it had over the past mo

46、re than six decades”可知，中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破。故选D。11考查动词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A. become变成；B. remain仍然是；C. end结束；D. start启动。根据“largely a backward agricultural country.”和常识可知，中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。故选B。12考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，中国已经充分利用了它在过去60多年里所拥有的，努力向前推进航天事业。A. Thus因此；B. Th

47、erefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. However然而。根据“the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause. ”与前文的“largely a backward agricultural country”可知，此处为转折关系，所以用However。故选D。13考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：上月末，中国将“天和”送入太空，开启了一系列发射，这些发射将在202

48、2年前后完成空间站的建设。A. getting off下车；B. cutting off切断；C. starting off启动，开启；D. putting off推迟。根据“Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space,”和下文“ will complete the building of the space station around 2022”可知，随着天和核心舱进入太空，开始了一系列的太空站建设的发射任务。故选C。14考查动词搭配辨析。句意：这些成就为和平利用外太空作出了重要贡献。A. appealed (to)呼吁，吸引；B. cont

49、ributed (to)促进；C. responded (to) 响应；D. belonged (to)属于。根据“greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.”可知，所有这些成就极大地促成外太空的和平使用。故选B。15考查名词词义辨析。句意：在火星任务中，中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作，将帮助推动人类在未来走得更快更远。A. neighbour邻居；B. friend朋友；C. partner伙伴；D. classmate同学。根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel f

50、aster and farther in the future.”可知，在火星任务实施期间，中国已经和其它国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。16D 17B 18A 19D 20D 21B 22B 23C 24D 25A 26C 27A 28A 29D 30A【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍韦布望远镜首次拍到系外行星HIP 65426b图像的事情。16考查形容词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜拍摄到了一颗被云层笼罩的巨大行星，它围绕着距离太阳385光年的恒星运行，被称为“天文学的变革时刻”。A. difficult困难的；B. awful糟糕的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. tra

51、nsformative变革性的。根据上文“A giant planet shrouded(遮盖)in clouds, in orbit(轨道)around a star 385 light years from our sun, has been captured by the James Webb Space Telescope in images”可知，这颗行星的发现有重大意义。故选D。17考查副词词义辨析。句意：它用红外光拍摄图像，这使得天文学家能够更精确地计算“系外行星”的质量和温度，系外行星是指围绕其他恒星运行的行星。A. carefully细心地；B. precisely精确地；C

52、. positively积极地；D. quickly快速地。根据上文“It captured images in infrared light”可知，用红外光拍摄图像能够更精确地计算“系外行星”的质量和温度。故选B。18考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. term术语，措辞；B. reason原因；C. explanation解释；D. material材料。根据上文的破折号和下文“for planets in orbit around other stars”可知，这是指exoplanets这一措辞。故选A。19考查动词词义辨析。句意：它最终应该能让他们探测到云层在其表面移动，揭示出

53、距离我们太阳系几百光年的世界上的外星天气模式。A. reporting报道；B. forecasting预测；C. changing改变；D. revealing揭示。根据上文“It should ultimately allow them to detect clouds moving across their surface”可知，这是利用红外光最终会达到的目的，所以应该是可以揭示出距离我们太阳系几百光年的世界上的外星天气模式。故选D。20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这颗行星比木星大12倍，与地球与太阳的距离相比，它的轨道距离主星约100倍，这使得天文学家在试图捕捉这颗行星的图像时更难将其与

54、恒星分开。A. clear清楚的；B. impossible不可能的；C. easier更容易的；D. harder更难的。根据上文“The planet is up to 12 times bigger than Jupiter and orbits about 100 times farther from its host star compared with the Earths distance from the sun”可知，这颗行星的状况使得天文学家在试图捕捉这颗行星的图像时更难将其与恒星分开。故选D。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：这颗行星的年龄只有1500万至2000万年，只是地球

55、年龄45亿年的零头。A. time时间；B. age年龄；C. history历史；D. distance距离。根据下文“which is 4.5 billion years old”可知，这里指地球的年龄。故选B。22考查形容词词义辨析。句意：NASA说，与木星和土星一样，它“没有岩石表面，也不可能是宜居的。”A. renewable可再生的；B. habitable宜居的；C. detectable可探测的；D. feasible可行的。根据上文“it has “no rocky surface”可知，它没有岩石表面，所以也不可能是宜居的。故选B。23考查名词词义辨析。句意：系外行星的存在

56、通常是在来自遥远恒星的光线每隔一段时间变得不那么明亮时才被探测到的，这表明一颗行星在每一轨道上经过它的表面一次，就像一次微小的日偏食。A. form形成；B. component成分；C. existence存在；D. orbit轨道。根据下文“is usually detected when the light from a distant star appears to become less 9 at regular intervals”可知，这里指探测到系外行星的存在。故选C。24考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. gentle温柔的；B. natural自然的；C. war

57、m温暖的；D. bright亮的。根据下文“suggesting that a planet is passing across its face once per orbit like a tiny partial eclipse”可知，当来自遥远恒星的光线每隔一段时间变得不那么明亮时，系外行星才能被探测到。故选D。25考查连词词义辨析。句意：拍摄一颗系外行星的直接图像是极其困难的，因为它们比它们所环绕的恒星要暗几千倍。A. because因为；B. although尽管；C. unless除非；D. as if好像。根据这句话上下文意思可知，两个小分句之间是因果关系。故选A。26考查动词短

58、语辨析。句意：詹姆斯韦伯（James Webb）使用一种称为日冕仪的仪器来阻挡位于半人马座的HiP65426b主星发出的光线，“获得这张照片感觉就像在挖掘太空宝藏，”加州大学的研究员艾伦卡特（Aarynn Carter）说。A. look out留神；B. find out弄明白；C. block out阻挡；D. make out制作。根据上文“It is extremely difficult to capture a direct image of an exoplanet 10 they are thousands of times fainter than the stars the

59、y orbit.”可知，因为这颗行星本身的光很弱，所以要阻挡亮的主星发出的光线才能看到它。故选C。27考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. digging for挖掘；B. hiding from隐藏于；C. bringing out带出来；D. mixing into混合于。根据上文“James Webb used an instrument called a coronagraph to 11 light from HiP65426b s host star,”可知，因为这颗行星本身的光很弱，所以要阻挡亮的主星发出的光线才能看到它，所以感觉就像在挖掘太空宝藏，这个过程是很困难的。故

60、选A。28考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些图像可以为40亿年前木星和土星在婴儿时期的样子提供线索。A. infancy婴儿；B. childhood儿时；C. youth青年；D. peak顶峰。根据上文“The planet is only 15 to 20 million years old”可知，这颗行星只有1500万至2000万年的历史，所以相对于40亿年，应该是婴儿时期。故选A。29考查介词短语辨析。句意：美国国家航空航天局表示，“韦伯在更长的红外波长下的观察显示了新的细节，由于地球大气层的固有红外辐射，地面望远镜无法探测到这些细节。”A. in case of以防万一；B. in th

61、e way of以的方式；C. regardless of不考虑；D. owing to因为。根据上文“groundbased telescopes would not be able to detect”可知，地面望远镜无法探测到这些细节，应该是由于地球大气层的固有红外辐射。故选D。30考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该望远镜已经被用于分析另一颗系外行星WASP-39b上大气的化学组成，通过分析穿过云层的光谱来探测二氧化碳。A. chemical化学的；B. physical物理的；C. psychological心理的；D. medical医学的。根据下文“detecting carbon di

62、oxide”可知，这里指探测另一颗系外行星上的化学物质。故选A。31B 32D 33C 34A 35D 36B 37C 38A 39D 40C 41B 42A 43A 44B 45C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项实验，六名成员经过长达近一年与世隔绝的“火星生活”体验，总结了人类移居火星前应该具备的四种能力。31考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们是模拟火星任务的成员，在这座建筑物里生活了将近一年，与世界其他地方隔绝。A. captains队长；B. members成员；C. astronauts宇航员；D. directors导演。根据上文的“six people”和文章第四段中的“gro

63、up members”可知，句中的“They”代指的是上文提到的从建筑物中出来的六个人，他们是这次任务的小组成员。故选B项。32考查动词/动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们是模拟火星任务的成员，在这座建筑物里生活了将近一年，与世界其他地方隔绝。A. pulled拉；B. kept free保持自由；C. protected保护；D. cut off隔离，阻断。根据句中“a simulated (模拟的) mission to Mars”可知，他们在进行一个模拟火星的任务，由此可知，他们模拟在火星上的生活，待在建筑物里不出来，与世界其他地方隔绝了，“cut off from”意为“与隔绝”。故选D项。

64、33考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次火星任务是一项正在进行的实验的一部分，旨在探索人类如何应对生活在另一个星球上的挑战。A. explanation解释；B. holiday假期；C. experiment实验；D. game游戏。根据下文“Based on the _ of the experiment so far”中的“experiment”可知，句中的火星任务是一项正在进行的实验的一部分。故选C项。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据目前为止的实验结果，以下是你在火星上生存所需的四种能力。A. results结果；B. origins起源；C. wishes愿望；D. requirements

65、要求。根据句中“here are four abilities you would need to _ on Mars”可知，下文介绍了在火星上生存所需的四种能力，这四种能力应该是通过实验结果总结出来的，由此可知，句中指根据目前为止的实验结果。故选A项。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据目前为止的实验结果，以下是你在火星上生存所需的四种能力。A. refuse拒绝；B. copy复制；C. argue争论；D. survive生存。根据上文“how people would deal with the challenges of living on another planet”可知，这次实验旨

66、在探索人类如何生活在另一个星球上，由此可知，实验结果展示的是在另一个星球上生存所需的能力。故选D项。36考查名词词义辨析。句意：当供水系统中断时，该小组有两个选择。A. tasks任务；B. choices选择；C. dreams梦想；D. conditions条件。根据下文“They could figure out how to fix it or they could _ months for supplies to be delivered from “Earth”可知，当供水系统中断时，他们可以想办法解决问题，也可以等从“地球”运送来的物资，由此可知，这是该小组面临的两个选择。故选B

67、项。37考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可以想办法修理它，也可以等几个月再从“地球”运来物资到那时他们就死定了。所以他们自己修好了。A. spread传播；B. prepare准备；C. wait等待；D. leave离开。根据句中“by which point they would be dead”可知，等从“地球”运来物资时，他们就死定了，由此可知，要想获得从地球运送来的物资，需要等待几个月。故选C项。38考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他们自己修好了。A. fixed修理；B. watered给浇水；C. called呼叫；D. planted种植。根据上文“They could figure

68、out how to fix it”中的“fix”可知，他们可以选择想办法修理它，由此可知，他们没有等待“地球”运来的物资，而是自己修好了供水系统。故选A项。39考查名词词义辨析。句意：小组成员表示，无聊是一个重大挑战。A. desire渴望；B. habit习惯；C. ability能力；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“On Mars, you wouldnt have Netflix or Xbox”可知，在火星上，你不会有Netflix或Xbox等娱乐活动，你会感到无聊，由此可知，无聊对小组成员来说是一个重大挑战。故选D项。40考查动词词义辨析。句意：在火星上，你不会有Netfl

69、ix或Xbox，所以你必须找到其他形式的娱乐活动。A. limit限制；B. forget忘记；C. find找到；D. leap跳跃。根据句中“On Mars, you wouldnt have Netflix or Xbox”可知，在火星上，你不会有Netflix或Xbox等娱乐活动，由此可知，你必须找到其他形式的娱乐活动。故选C项。41考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你很容易被人惹恼，火星上的生活可能不适合你。A. hardly几乎不；B. easily容易地；C. secretly秘密地；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“The third is Tolerance (宽容).”可知，

70、在火星上生活，宽容很重要，由此可知，如果你很容易被人惹恼，那么你不适合在火星上生活。故选B项。42考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论是吃饭、工作、锻炼还是放松，你都几乎不会独自一人。A. alone单独的；B. polite礼貌的；C. successful成功的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“The building is only a quarter of the size of a basketball court.”可知，这座建筑只有篮球场的四分之一，空间很小，由此可知，你几乎不会单独吃饭、工作、锻炼或是放松。故选A项。43考查名词词义辨析。句意：在执行任务期间，小组与“地球”上的任

71、何人之间没有实时通信。A. communication通信，交流；B. system系统；C. teaching教学；D. meeting会议。根据下文“They have email, _ messages are on a 20-minute delay (延迟)”可知，小组成员与“地球”之间的信息交流会延迟20分钟，由此可知，小组与“地球”上的任何人之间没有实时通信。故选A项。44考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们有电子邮件，但信息延迟20分钟，模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的时间。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. if如果；D. unless除非。根据空格前“They have em

72、ail”和空格后“messages are on a 20-minute delay”可知，空格前后为转折关系，虽然他们有电子邮件，但信息延迟20分钟，“but”意为“但是”，符合语境。故选B项。45考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们有电子邮件，但信息延迟20分钟，模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的时间。A. escape逃脱；B. walk步行；C. travel传播，转送；D. change改变。根据空格前“messages are on a 20-minute delay”和空格后“between Earth and Mars”可知，信息延迟20分钟是为了模拟信息在地球和火星之间传播所需的时间

73、，“travel”意为“传播，转送”，符合语境。故选C项。46A 47B 48C 49D 50B 51C 52D 53C 54A 55D 56C 57A 58B 59A 60D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”并介绍了人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。46考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类花了数千年的时间才了解了我们自己的星球，并花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球。A. explore探索；B. separate分离；C. forget忘记；D. defend保卫。根据后文内容可知，后文内容介绍的是我们邻近的星球，由此可知，句中指花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星

74、球，有探索才会有发现。故选A项。47考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，每周都有新的世界被发现。A. revised修改，复习；B. discovered发现；C. saved拯救；D. created创造。根据句中“new worlds”可知，随着人类的不断探索，应该是有新的世界被发现。故选B项。48考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”围绕太阳以外的外层空间恒星运行的行星。A. travelled旅行；B. damaged损坏；C. recognized认出，识别；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“hot Saturn”和“hot Jupiter”可知，下

75、文介绍的是其他“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”。故选C项。49考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一个距离地球260光年的“热土星”，它绕其母星运行的速度如此之快，以至于在那里一年的持续时间不到三天。A. slowly慢速地；B. easily容易地；C. wrongly错误地；D. rapidly迅速地，很快地。根据句中“a year there lasts less than three days”可知，在那里一年的持续时间不到三天，由此可知，“热土星”绕其母星运行的速度是很快的。故选D项。50考查动词词义辨析。句意：环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧

76、的“热木星”，在那里上层大气正在燃烧，形成一个巨大的彗星状尾巴。A. Removing移动；B. Circling环绕移动；C. Lighting点燃；D. Showing展示。根据上文“There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so”中的“orbits”可知，句中应用“Circling”，意为“环绕移动”，指环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。故选B项。51考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残

77、骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. stars恒星；B. moons月亮；C. planets行星；D. satellites人造卫星。根据上文“exoplanets”可知，本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星。故选C项。52考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. type类型；B. distance距离；C. power权力，能力；D. size大小，尺寸。根据句中“a once huge star”中的“huge”可知，这里介绍的是恒星的大小，由此可知，句中指“缩

78、小成一个城市大小的小原子核”。故选D项。53考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他行星则被赶出它们的系统，成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”。A. authorities权力，权威；B. species物种；C. systems体系，系统；D. facilities设施。根据句中“become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.”可知，其他行星成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”，由此可知，它们是被赶出了它们所在的系统。故选C项。54考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些中，科学家们渴望找到一条熟悉的线索：像地球这样的行星。A. fami

79、liar熟悉的；B. previous以前的；C. unknown未知的；D. distant遥远的。根据句中“planets like the Earth”可知，找到“像地球这样的行星”对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的线索。故选A项。55考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，行星围绕恒星运行的距离恰到好处既不太热也不太冷足以支持我们所知道的生命。A. hide隐藏；B. discover发现；C. injure伤害；D. support支持。根据句中“neither too hot nor too cold”可知，“既不太热也不太冷”的条件下应该是可以支持人类生存的。故选D项。56考查副词词义辨析。句

80、意：我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，可能是因为它们不起眼。A. luckily幸运的是；B. instantly立即地；C. probably可能地；D. officially官方地。根据句中“because theyre inconspicuous”可知，“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因，是我们推测的原因，应用“probably”。故选C项。57考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小又细的行星，就像试图在烟花表演中看到一只萤火虫。A. small小的；B. bright明亮的；C. blue蓝色的；D.

81、 clear清楚的。根据句中“a firefly in a fireworks display”中的“firefly”可知，在烟花表演中的萤火虫是小的，不容易看到，由此可知，句中指又小又细的行星，在明亮的星光中是不起眼的。故选A项。58考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. And和；B. Yet然而，但是；C. So所以；D. Thus因此。根据句中“astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth”可知，上下文为转折关系，上文说

82、我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天，由此可知，应用连词“Yet”，表转折。故选B项。59考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. limits限制，极限；B. ends结尾；C. opposites对立面；D. beginnings开端。根据句意和生活常识可知，应该是随着技术的发展，天文学家有可能找到另一个地球，由此可知，句中指将技术推向极限。故选A项。60考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们这样做时，他们可以检查它是否有生命迹象。A. examples例子；B. designs设计

83、；C. means方法；D. signs迹象。根据上文内容可知，天文学家正在寻找与地球相似地星球，由此可知，他们要检查那些星球是否有生命迹象。故选D项。61B 62C 63A 64B 65D 66C 67A 68C 69D 70D 71B 72D 73C 74B 75C【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了中国成功发射“天问一号”，此次成功登陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃。61考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未能到达距离地球5500万公里远的行星。A. begun开始；B. failed失败；C. attempted尝试；D. succeeded成功。根据上下文以及“yet(但是)”

84、可知，超过一半的火星任务失败（failed）了。故选B。62考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. transported运输；B. discovered发现；C. launched发射；D. settled解决。根据常识和下文“The craft landed on Saturday.”可知，天问一号是去年7月23号发射（launched）的。故选C。63考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. anxious焦急的；B. aware

85、有意识的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。根据语境可知，在天问一号发射之后，所有人都在“焦急（anxious）”等待它的进展情况。故选A。64考查副词词义辨析。句意：该飞船于周六在火星表面安全着陆。A. suddenly突然地；B. safely安全地；C. calmly安静地；D. obviously明显地。根据下文“The news has been met with both_5_and celebration in the country”可知，飞行器安全地（safely）着陆在火星表面，举国欢庆。故选B。65考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让这个国家感到宽

86、慰和喜庆。A. protest反对；B. regret后悔；C. pity遗憾；D. relief宽慰。根据上文，飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰（relief）。故选D。66考查动词短语辨析。句意：“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发了技术。A. carried away带走；B. carried off夺走；C. carried out实施；D. carried on继续。根据语境可知，飞行器安全着陆，它的着陆是按计划实行的（carried out）。故选C。67考查名词词义辨析。句意：“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这

87、使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发了技术。A. explorers探险者；B. applicants申请人；C. officials官员；D. editors编辑。根据语境可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探险，中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者（explorers）行列。故选A。68考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嫦娥四号”的着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主开发了技术。A. borrowed借；B. selected选择；C. developed开发；D. removed开除。由“ on its own”可知，此次

88、火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的（developed）。故选C。69考查介词词义辨析。句意：近几十年来，尽管在探索外层空间方面出现了一些失败，但中国的科学技术发展始终保持着积极进取的精神。A. without没有，缺乏；B. beyond超过；C. except除之外；D. despite尽管。根据句意逻辑可知，“some failures to explore outer space”与主句之间有让步关系，太空探索尽管（despite）遇到失败，乐观进取的精神在科学技术发展方面起着关键的作用。故选D。70考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中

89、国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A. promises承诺；B. impacts影响；C. inventions发明；D. breakthroughs突破。根据句意，中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破（breakthroughs）。故选D。71考查关系副词。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。分析句子结构可知，“_11_the country remained largely a backward agricultural country”是定语从句，修饰其前的先行词“the 1960s”，关系词在定语从句

90、中作时间状语，所以用when引导，故选B。72考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，中国已经充分利用了它在过去60多年里所拥有的，努力向前推进航天事业。A. Thus因此；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. However然而。根据上文“ the country remained largely a backward agricultural country”可知，此处为转折关系，故用“However”。故选D。73考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：上月末，中国将“天和”送入太空，开启了一系列发射，这些发射将在2022年前后完成空间站的建设。A. getting off下车

91、；B. cutting off切断；C. starting off启动，开启；D. putting off推迟。根据上下文，随着天和核心舱进入太空，开始了（starting off）一系列的太空站建设的发射任务。故选C。74考查动词搭配辨析。句意：这些成就为和平利用外太空作出了重要贡献。A. appealed (to)呼吁，吸引；B. contributed (to)促进；C. responded (to) 响应；D. belonged (to)属于。根据语境可知，所有这些成就极大地促成（contributed）外太空的和平使用。故选B。75考查介词词义辨析。句意：在火星任务中，中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作，将帮助推动人类在未来走得更快更远。A. Upon在上；B. Before在之前；C. During在期间；D. After在之后。根据句意，在火星任务实施期间（During），中国已经和其它国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。