【广东专用】2022届高考英语一轮复习 课时作业(二十一) Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5.docx

1、 课时作业(二十一)必修5Unit 1Great scientists(限时：30分钟) .完形填空A young man waited at a stop light. In front of him was a woman going through papers on the seat of her car and when the light changed to green, she didnt go. A green light is not a _1_， you know. It is more of a demand. But she didnt _2_When the lig

2、ht turned red again, she still had not _3_ her car. The man now started _4_ and beating his steering wheel.A policeman tapped on his windshield (挡风玻璃). He asked for his _5_， returned to his car, talked on the radio, and finally handed it back. The driver protested, “I knew you couldnt _6_ me for sho

3、uting in my own car！”The officer replied, “I didnt want to _7_ you of that. But I was directly behind you. I saw you screaming, and I said to myself, That man is out of _8_. Hes going to hurt someone！”“Then I noticed the cross _9_ from your rear view mirror, the bright yellow Love Is a Choice licens

4、e tag, and the Give _10_ a Chance bumper sticker (保险杠标签), and I am sure you must have stolen the car.”His behavior did not _11_ his bumper sticker. But lets not be too _12_. Are we always the people we want to be? We make _13_ all the life. Personal change can happen when the person we at present ar

5、e does not yet _14_ the person we hope to be. Better to set high ideals and _15_ fall short than to settle for mediocrity (平庸). The important question is not, “Who are you today？” It is better to ask, “Who will you be tomorrow？”1A.mark BsuggestionCwarning Dsymbol2A.observe BfollowCaware Dnotice3A.mo

6、ved BreachedCrepaired Dleft4A.crying BconfusingCscreaming Dcomplaining5A.passport BlicenseCaddress Dname6A.arrest BsuspectCcharge Dcriticize7A.remind BaccuseCinform Dappeal8A.control BpatienceCanger Ddespair9A.sticking BhangingClying Dtying10A.Peace BDesireCAnxiety DCourage11A.communicate Brepresent

7、Creflect Dexpress12A.horrible BcriticalCcurious Dserious13A.decisions BmistakesCpromises Dchanges14A.resemble BadmireCrespect Ddiffer15A.endlessly BneverCsometimes Dseldom.阅读理解AWomen should not drink any alcohol during pregnancy. A report released by NICE says if they must drink, they should not do

8、so in the first three months and should limit consumption to one or two ounces once or twice a week afterwards. It replaces previous guidance of saying small daily amounts were fine.NICE decided to tighten its guidance partly because of the concern that people are now drinking more than in the past.

9、 Previous draft guidance suggested women should drink an ounce of alcohol a day once they were past the first three months of pregnancy. The Department of Health in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while trying to get pregnant. Drinking heavily in pre

10、gnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome(酒精综合症), which can leave children with features like small heads, widely spaced eyes and behavior or learning problems.The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week would do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule

11、 out(排除)any risk. National Childbirth Trust agreed women should limit their drinking during pregnancy. “Pregnant women who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby. In general, it is believed that if a light infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks t

12、o the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small.”NICE also made a number of other recommendations for the care of women in the UK who were pregnant or planning to get pregnant. It said vitamin D and folic acid(叶酸)supplements should be offered by health staff to help avoid c

13、onditions such as rickets(佝偻病)and spina bifida(脊椎裂). Officials called for local health bosses to ensure equal support plans where mothers encourage new parents to breastfeed are set up. NICE also called for improvements in the care of pregnant women with diabetes(糖尿病). About 20，000 pregnancies each

14、year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry higher risk of miscarriage(流产)and stillbirth(死产). The guidance said women should get access to advice and support, in particular to achieve good blood sugar control before they get pregnant.16What is the advice made by the Department of Health on d

15、rinking alcohol during pregnancy?ALittle in the first three months and a gradual increase afterwards.BAn ounce a day after the first three months.CNo drinking for pregnant women.DThose who drink regularly need not worry about the harm to their babies.17Whats the meaning of the underlined word “categ

16、orically” in Paragraph 4?AHonestly. BAbsolutely.CPhysically. DDoubtfully.18According to the passage, miscarriage is caused most probably by _.Athe lack of vitamin D and folic acidBrickets and spina bifidaCthe lack of doctors advice and supportDdiabetes19National Childbirth Trust found that _.Aa preg

17、nant woman drinking alcohol infrequently has little risk to her babyBpregnant women who drink a little occasionally are always afraid of the effectsCthere is no evidence that a pregnant woman drinking alcohol might harm her babyDgetting drunk once wont harm the baby20In this passage, the author main

18、ly intends to _.Ashow NICEs new guidance on pregnant womens alcohol drinking and its advice for the care of pregnant womenBwarn pregnant women against any alcohol during pregnancyCshow the present situation of pregnant womens drinking limitDcall for more care for pregnant women in societyBHe is rega

19、rded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall，Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying whil

20、e at Oxford University，where he studied physics，and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.Professor Hawking said: “My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.”He said that he wa

21、s unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy，and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，”he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”But he said that it was when doctors t

22、old him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is wor

23、th living and there are lots of things you want to do.”21. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AStephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.BStephen Hawking couldnt read at the age of 7.CStephen Hawkings handwriting was once terribly bad.DStephen Hawkings sister once

24、performed much better than him.22. We can infer that Stephen Hawking was _when he was a child and studied in Oxford University.Aclever Blazy Cbright Dmean23. What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?APatience. BKnowledge.CDisease. DLaziness.24. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A

25、Stephen Hawking didnt realize his dreams in physics.BIt was possible for Hawking to face the early death.CThe purpose of the doctors diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.DHis life might be taken away by long hard work.25. From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at s

26、chool?AHis sister. BHis classmates.CHis teachers. DHis parents.课时作业(二十一).1.B考查名词辨析。绿灯不是一个建议，是一种要求。此处suggestion和demand对应。2A考查动词辨析。绿灯不是一个建议，是一种要求。可她没有遵守。此处observe意为：遵守。3A考查动词辨析。但红灯亮了的时候，她还没动。此处move意为：移动，开动。4C考查动词辨析。后面的那个男人开始大叫并不断鸣笛。5B考查名词辨析。警察向司机要了驾驶本并还给了他。6A考查动词辨析。司机抗议：我在自己的车里大喊你不能逮捕我。注意：大喊可能被罚款但不能被逮

27、捕。此处易错。7B考查动词词义辨析。我不想因此而控告你。此处accuseof因而控告8A考查名词辨析。我对自己说，那个人一定失控了。此处out of control意为：失控。9B考查动词辨析。这时我注意到挂着你反光镜上的十字架。10A考查名词辨析。“爱是一种选择”“给宁静一次机会”。11C考查动词辨析。他的行为不能反映保险杠标签上的话。12B考查形容词辨析。我们不要太挑剔。此处critical意为：挑剔的。13D考查名词辨析。我们一生都在改变。14A考查动词辨析。当现在的我们和我们希望成为的我们不同时个人就会改变。15C考查副词辨析。最好定一个高的理想，有时没有实现也不至于平庸。.ANICE

28、建议孕期女士不要饮酒。文中涉及了英国不同健康机构以及英国政府对孕妇饮酒事宜的不同规定，但是同时指出了孕妇饮酒会对胎儿有不良的影响，从而呼吁孕妇限制饮酒甚至不要饮酒。同时，NICE还对怀孕和准备怀孕的女士保健工作提出了一些其他的建议，提倡社会各界来关注孕妇的健康。16C细节理解题。题干考查the Department of Health关于孕妇喝酒的建议，由文中第二段的The Department of Health in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while

29、 trying to get pregnant.可以看出，该机构现在呼吁孕妇不要喝酒，因此C项正确。17B词义猜测题。根据词汇所在的句子The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week would do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule out any risk.的句意：专家认为没有证据表明一周内喝一次或两次几盎司的酒就会对胎儿造成伤害，但是不能categorically排除任何危险。根据下段的最后一句中的the

30、 risk to her baby is small可知少量饮酒对胎儿会造成比较微小的伤害，所以categorically在这里意为“完全地”。18D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的About 20，000 pregnancies each year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry higher risk of miscarriage and stillbirth.可以看出，患有糖尿病的孕妇有着很高的流产风险，所以应该选D。19B细节理解题。第五段是National Childbirth Trust的发现Pregnant women

31、who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby.可以看出，即使喝酒不多的孕妇也会很担心喝酒会对胎儿不利，所以B正确。A项是不完整的，文中说In general, it is believed that if a light infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks to the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small.可

32、知对胎儿造成比较微小的危险的怀孕妇女有以下特征：light, infrequent drinker, in good health, on one occasion，而A选项只是断章取义，所以错误；同理D项也由此判断为错误选项。20A作者意图题。作者刚开始介绍了NICE关于孕妇饮酒的新规定，然后最后一段NICE提出了一些关爱英国怀孕妇女的建议，所以应该选A。B文章向我们介绍了传奇科学家霍金。21A细节理解题。由第三段的But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something

33、 better.可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的，但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。22B推理判断题。由第一段特别是But outstanding astrophysicist Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.和第二段开头句可知，他小时候和在大学里是非常懒惰的。故选B项。23C细节理解题。由第二段最后一句only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone dise

34、ase made him concentrate on his work.可知，是“运动神经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。24B段落大意题。由最后一段，特别是信息句He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。故选B项。25B细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知，尽管老师不看好他，同学仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号，他们从他身上看到好的一面。