专题5.主旨大意解题技巧-2024届中考英语题型过关（原卷版）.docx

1、主旨大意解题技巧每篇文章都有一个主旨大意。主旨大意题对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。文章主旨大意一般有四种呈现形式：文首、文中、文尾、不明确给出(需要总结)。做这种题要掌握以下技巧：通读文章，重点把握首末段、首末句；作者反复强调的观点或文章中多次出现的词句通常是主旨；注意文中therefore, thus, but, however, in short, tosum up等表达转折或总结的词语。主旨大意题是对整篇文章或者文章中个别段落大意的概括，属于高难度、高区分度的题目。常见的提问方式是：What is the text mainly about?或Which of the follow

2、ing can be the best title for the text?主旨大意题方法：主旨大意分为大意类和标题类以及段落大意。主题句是主旨大意的体现，因此识别每段主题句，然后归纳。看首段和尾端看文中出现最多的词陷阱：注意以偏概全不能选范围太大不能选注意段落大意，看清段落不要误选方法1 文章大意总结法文章大意，就是对整篇文章的主旨大意进行提炼概括。主要考查学生对整篇文章主旨大意的理解归纳能力。When accepting gifts, rules are different here in China and in the west. Anna Scheen, from the Neth

3、erlands, was puzzled(困惑的) when she gave a present to her Chinese friends for the first time. They refused to accept it two or three times, and when they finally accepted, they didnt open it. They just took it and put it away. After that, I never heard about it again. They never mentioned whether the

4、y liked it or not. she said. In the west, it is polite to open a wrapped (包装好的) gift in front of the giver and say thanks. However, the situation is different in China. People usually open the gift after the giver has left. Opening a gift in front of the giver is regarded as impolite.The main idea o

5、f the passage is about _.A. the different rules of accepting presentsB. how to give a gift in ChinaC. how to choose a good giftD. the western rules of accepting gifts方法2 段落大意总结法段落大意，就是对文章的某一段落的主旨大意进行提炼概括。主要考查学生对文章中某一段落主旨大意的理解归纳能力。 Nate Robinson is unlike any other player in the NBA. This player is t

6、he shortest in the NBA, but he is one of the most fearless players. He is 1.75m tall. In NBA, he looks like a fourth-grader among a group of high school students. according to The Atlantic. How can he compete(竞争) with them？.Paragraph 1 of the report mainly talks about _.A. how great Nate Robinson is

7、B. how Nate Robinson is unlike any other playerC. how fearless Nate Robinson isD. who Nate Robinson is方法3 标题判断法标题判断，就是根据文章内容，在选项中判断出一个与之相符的标题。主要考查学生对文章大意理解和概括的能力。A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2000 years ago. Now paper comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep

8、 on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. So how can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets (小包). We can also use handkerchiefs (手帕) and not p

9、aper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. Everyone can help to save paper. And we should do it now, before it is too late.Which is the best title of the passage?A. Saving PaperB. The History of Paper C. Cotton Handkerchiefs Back AgainD. Cai Lun Invented Paper（2023山东聊城统考中考真题）Xie Xi

10、aohua is a special education teacher. She has won the hearts of hundreds of children and is called Mum Xiaohua by many of them.“It is my greatest happiness to care for them,” said 49-year-old Xie. She has been working at Yiyuan County Special Education School in Zibo, Shandong Province for 27 years.

11、Xie knows the difference between special education and general education. She takes care of each student according to their physical conditions. And she also helps them with learning and their daily life. She used to help carry a student to restrooms, the dining hall, classrooms and the dormitory fo

12、r nine years until the student graduated（毕业）from the school.In 2003, the school set up a rehabilitation（康复）centre and Xie worked harder. To make sure every child received the best training, she made special plans for them. Then she began to teach them patiently the basic skills of taking care of the

13、mselves. She also spent lots of time training the children with hearing and speech problems. That often made her throat ache.2015, the school started offering door-to-door education to students with physical problems. Besides Xie, there are over 30 teachers teaching and helping those students. The t

14、eachers have walked over 60, 000 kilometres over the past seven years because many students live in mountain villages.“Although we feel tired sometimes, we feel our work is valuable after seeing the students progress, even just a little bit,” Xie said.1Xie Xiaohua began to work at the school at the

15、age of _.A22B27C29D492What does Paragraph 3（第3段）mainly tell us?AWhat Xie knows.BHow long Xie helped carry the student.CHow Xie takes care of the students.DWhat the students physical conditions are.3Xie probably _ first to help them receive the best training.Amade some plans for the childrenBtaught t

16、he children the basic skillsCset up a rehabilitation centre for the childrenDtrained the children with hearing and speech problems4Which of the following is true?AXie said the teachers always felt tired.BXie thinks their work is useful and important.CEach teacher has walked over 60,000 kilometres.DT

17、he school offered door-to-door education to all the students.5What is the best title（题目）for the passage?ASpecial studentsBA famous schoolCMountain villagesDMum Xiaohua（2023四川成都统考中考真题）a. Locals Care for Natural WorldGrasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have taken on a new look and many wild animals h

18、ave come back. On January 24, 2003, China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve to protect the area and the wildlife. Local people joined in the project, picking up waste and protecting the animals.b. China Successfully Grows Rice in SpaceHow to grow food in space if humans live there one day?

19、 For nearly 40 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds (种子) in space. Recently growing rice at Tiangong Space Station makes a big step forward. It can also solve food problems on Earth.c. Doctors Sent to West AfricaDoctors are flying to an island off the coast of West Africa after a n

20、ew flu broke out. They will test different medicines to find a way to deal with it. To get things better, they will also offer medical care and help train local nurses there.d. _A strong earthquake hit Turkey on February 6. More than 8,000 international rescuers (救援人员) around the world went to help,

21、 including the Blue Sky Rescue Team from China. They helped save lives and rebuild homes.e. Scientists Fight against Plastic PollutionA natural material, fungi (真菌), used to break down a type of plastic called polypropylene turned out to be useful. Scientists at the University of Sydney found that a

22、fter 90 days, between 25% and 27% of polypropylene broke down and after 140 days, polypropylene became completely safe.1Which passages are about environmental protection?Aa, bBa, eCb, e2When did China probably begin to develop seeds in space?AIn the 1980s.BIn the 1990s.CIn the 2000s.3What does the u

23、nderlined word it in Passage c refer to?AAn island.BA new flu.CMedical care.4Which is the best title for _?ATurkey Calling for HelpBThe World Saving Lives in QuakeCTerrible Situation Faced by Turkey5Whats the theme shared by all the passages?AChallenges and Chances. BResponsibility and Success.CProb

24、lems and Efforts.（2023四川雅安统考中考真题）Iceland is a northern European country with amazing natural beauty and oceans around. There are a number of volcanoes (火山). It has a short summer which lasts from June to August. The long winter starts from September and ends next May. Summer in Iceland is a golden s

25、eason for tourists. Every year, people from all over the world come here to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the exciting whale-seeing. In winter, when people in Iceland finish their daily work, they will have different special activities to spend the long dark night. Skating, riding snow motorbik

26、es and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a hot bath must be the first choice to relax. There are also story-telling activities for children, which can teach them to be strong and kind. The most popular stories are about Christmas in Iceland. Because of a long cold

27、winter, Iceland has a short growing season. The food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. It had to buy most of its food from other countries, Later, when farmers learned to use lights and underground heat to grow crops (庄稼) all year round in the greenhouse, things changed a lot.Li

28、ving in such a nice environment, most people in Iceland live a happy life. According to a survey about happiness made each year in Europe, Iceland is always among the top 3.1What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 1?AThe ocean.BNatural beauty.CIceland.DThe volcano.2When do visi

29、tors usually go to enjoy the whale-seeing?AIn spring.BIn summer.CIn autumn.DIn winter.3What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?AWhat is the first choice to relax after the fun.BHow people in Iceland finish their daily work.CWhat stories are the most popular in Iceland.DHow people in Iceland spend the l

30、ong dark night.4Why does Iceland have a short growing season?ABecause there are oceans around.BBecause there is a long hot summer.CBecause there is a long cold winter.DBecause there are a number of volcanoes.5What can be the best title of the passage?AIceland, a Poor CountryBFood Problems in Iceland

31、CColorful Activities in IcelandDIceland, an Amazing Country（2023浙江衢州统考中考真题） One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didnt notice three hours pass

32、 by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realised that although I didnt make the pie successfully, I really enjoyed the process (过程). The process is important because it brings us some

33、thing bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to giv

34、e up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. But in this busy world, we see a lot of successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. Dont always compare yourself with others. First of all, we are all differe

35、nt. And success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. Ride your own ride. Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but neve

36、r stop. Reward (奖励) yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way. For example, if you are in the process of losing weight, enjoy your favourite cake once in a while.1How does the writer st

37、art the article?ABy giving an exampleBBy comparing facts.CBy using old sayings.DBy listing numbers.2What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean in Paragraph 2?AMake up.BGet ready for.CPoint out.DPay attention to.3Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?ABCD4Which could be

38、the best title for the text?AEnjoy the processBWhat does success mean to us?CNever give upDHow can we achieve good results?（2023辽宁沈阳统考中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have

39、 appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country.A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our n

40、ecessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another.There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading, study

41、-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the informati

42、on you need.What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you dont like.Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with

43、 the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)!1What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph?AThere is no other furniture in her house but books.BHer mother teaches Chinese in a ju

44、nior high school.CShe has probably read the book Journey to the West.DShe has changed her dream because of the campaign.2Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading?ALearning a long poem at a relaxed speed.BReading a novel carefully to write a report.CEnjoying interesting comic strips

45、as you like.DSearching newspapers quickly for something.3What kind of books should we read according to Emerson?ABooks that are well known.BBooks that cost a lot of money.CBooks that are about rules.DBooks that come out within a year.4What is the purpose of writing this text?ATo introduce a reading

46、campaign.BTo advise us to build bookhouses.CTo encourage people to read books.DTo tell us about some classic works.（2023河南统考中考真题）According to Ken Croswell, the Sun and the Moon are different. We often think that the Sun rules the day and the Moon rules the night. Thats kind of right, but not totally

47、.The Sun shines all the time. It shines during the day when we see it, and even at night when we dont.As the Earth turns, sometimes we face the Sun. Thats when we get day. When the Earths spin (自转) turns us away from the Sun and we are in the Earths shadow, we get night. When people on the opposite

48、side of the Earth face the Sun, those people have day while we have night.The Moon is a different story. Unlike the Sun, it doesnt make its own light. Moonlight is actually the Suns light reflecting(反射) the Moon back to us.The Sun lights up only the side of the Moon that faces the Sun. At Full Moon,

49、 the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun. Then the side of the Moon facing the Earth is all lit up. During Full Moon, the Moon rises around sunset, shines all night, and sets around sunrise. Since he moonlight is so bright, you can sometimes see it during the day, too. A few days

50、before Full Moon, if you look east in the afternoon, you may see the Moon in the sky. After Full Moon, you may find it if you look west in the morning.The Moon is most difficult to see at New Moon, when its orbit(轨道) puts it between the Earth and the Sun. Then, the side of the Moon facing the Earth

51、is dark and we cant see the Moon at all.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1What can we know about the Sun?AThe Sun rules the Moon.BThe Sun shines during both day and night.CThe Sun lights up all the sides of the Moon.DThe Sun shines everywhere on the Earth at the same time.2Which of the following in the dictionary best

52、explains the underlined word “shadow” in Paragraph 3?shadow n.the shape of the Earththe force from the Sunthe dark area on the Earththe opposite side of the SunABCD3What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about?AHow the Moon makes its light.BWhy there is day and night on the Earth.CWhy the Moon can be see

53、n during the day.DWhat the difference is between Full Moon and New Moon.4Which following picture shows us New Moon?ABCD5What is the theme(主题) of the text?ACulture.BScience.CEducation.DTechnology.（2023辽宁营口中考真题）Recently, researchers in Israel have done an experiment and found that goldfish are able to

54、 navigate(导航) on land after receiving around 10 driving lessons.The experiment was performed by a research team at the Ben-Gurion University. It was made to see whether goldfish could find their way in a very different environment. Researchers developed a robotic car that could drive forward, backwa

55、rd and from side to side. They called the car FOV“Fish Operated Vehicle”(鱼驱动车). A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV. Using a set of wheels with a camera system, the FOV recorded the fishs movements and swimming directions, and then moved in the same direction.The scientists worked wi

56、th six different goldfish. They placed the car in a small room with a pink target(目标) on one side. The fish would get food when the car touched the target. After a few days of training, the fish navigated to the target. At first, it took them about half an hour to drive to the target. But by the end

57、 of the experiment, they were able to complete the same task in less than a minute. Shachar Givon, one of the researchers, said, “As anyone who has tried to learn how to ride a bike or to drive a car knows, it is challenging at first.”Not only did the goldfish show that they could drive to the targe

58、t, but they also werent fooled by false targets of other colors. They were also able to get free when the car hit a wall. Although the fish may not have realized they were moving on land, these results show that a fish has the ability to navigate outside its nature environment of water. It can enric

59、h scientific knowledge of animals navigation skills.1What is the purpose of the goldfish experiment?ATo see if goldfish could tell different colors.BTo see if goldfish could find food and living places.CTo see if goldfish could navigate in a different environment.DTo see if goldfish could ride a bik

60、e or drive a car like humans.2What can be learned about the FOV?AIt was placed inside a water box.BIt could follow the fishs movements.CIt was driven by a camera system.DIt could control the fishs directions.3The goldfish would get food as long as the car _.Atouched the pink targetBmoved in the smal

61、l room freelyCavoided hitting a wallDtouched the targets of other colors4What can we learn from Shachar Givons words?AIt was important for the goldfish to drive a car.BIt was impossible for the goldfish to navigate.CIt was meaningless for the goldfish to be trained at first.DIt was hard for the gold

62、fish to reach the target at the start.5Which can be the best title for the passage?AGood Use of a Robotic CarBAn Experiment on AnimalsCGoldfishs Ability to Navigate on LandDGoldfishs Skills to Drive a Car on Land（2023河南统考中考真题）Energy is the ability to do work. Solar energy comes from the Sun. There i

63、s also energy that comes from wind and water.But do you know that energy can come from people, too? When you pedal a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred (转移) to the bike. That makes the bike move.Now imagine riding your bike to create enough pow

64、er to run a computer. Some students at one school did just that! They jumped on bikes connected to generators (发电机) and pedaled in place. Soon they were producing electricity. This energy is needed to run their computers.Here is how bicycle-powered energy works. When a student pedals the bike, the b

65、ack wheel spins. The wheel spins the generator. The generator produces electricity. As long as a student pedals the bicycle, electricity moves through the generator. The electricity can be used right away. This energy can also be stored and used later.People use bicycle-powered energy to run small d

66、evices (设备) such as small televisions and fans. They often use less than 100 watts per hour. However, it would be a mistake to use pedal power to run a fridge. This large machine often uses more than 700 watts per hour. The electricity for these machines comes from power lines overhead or undergroun

67、d.Pedal power can be seen in schools, gyms, and homes. What a fun way to provide electricity!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy” in Paragraph 2?ABy asking a question.BBy telling a joke.CBy using an old saying.DBy making a survey.2What does the underlined wo

68、rd “spins” mean in the text?AFalls down suddenly.BBreaks up completely.CMoves up and down slowly.DTurns round and round quickly.3What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?AThe future of new energy.BThe forms of worlds energy.CUsing bicycle-powered energy.DProducing bicycle-powered energy.4What do we know abo

69、ut bicycle-powered energy?AIt cant be seen in schools.BIt comes from wind and water.CIt can be stored and used later.DIts from power lines overhead.5In which unit of a textbook can the text be found?AUnit 1 Friends ForeverBUnit 2 Dream of the StarsCUnit 3 The Value of MoneyDUnit 4 The World of Scien

70、ce（2023内蒙古包头统考中考真题）An electronic bookknown as an e-bookis the text and art of a book published in digital form. Some say the convenience of a digital book beats the benefits of reading a real book, that is, a book printed on paper. Is that true?A famous writer once wrote, “You can find magic whereve

71、r you look. Sit back and relax. All you need is a book!” Back then, of course, he meant a book printed on paper, but today thats not the only way to read one. People can choose to read a real book, or they can read an e-book on an e-reader device (设备) or a computer. Many people like reading e-books

72、because they are convenient and easy to carry.However, a real book can never be replaced. There is nothing better than the feel of a real book, from the weight of it in your hand to the satisfaction of turning each page. Its part of the experience of readingjust like going to a library or bookstore

73、and turning the pages of a book freely. Scrolling (滚屏) through a device isnt the same. And not every kind of book translates well to digital. Plus, e-books can require expensive devices that need to be charged (充电), as well as Internet access to download books. Thats not always possible or convenien

74、t. A printed book, however, doesnt have to be connected to be enjoyed. Whats more, when reading a real book, you can feel a pleasure of the mind, which will help you get information and remember it more effectively. And it contributes towards developing the communication skills and unlock our imagin

75、ation.In 2022, sales of e-books in the US totaled about $ 1 billion, while real books sales hit $ 9.1 billion. In a survey, 30% of Americans who read books chose e-books, while most still prefer real books. Besides, research shows that understanding improves when people read books in print, rather t

76、han in digital form.1Why do some people like reading e-books?AE-books provide more understanding.BE-books are convenient and easy to carry.CE-books increase printing costs and paper use.DE-books benefit people with reading difficulties.2What can we know from paragraph 3?APeople are too busy to read

77、a real book.BChildren are into reading e-books nowadays.CIt is enjoyable to read real books in a library.DAll the real books can be translated well to digital.3Whats the purpose of listing numbers in the last paragraph?ATo stress the importance of reading books.BTo show the popularity of reading rea

78、l books.CTo give examples of American best-selling books.DTo compare the differences of the two reading habits.4Whats the main idea of the text?AReading habits are changingBReading books is a good habitCReal books benefit us in many waysDNothing compares to reading an e-book（2023福建统考中考真题）Scientists

79、have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. Its the first time its been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry

80、out tasks that usually require human intelligence.Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI

81、tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pr

82、onouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned “I dont have my drivers license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt f

83、rom one person but it was tested on another, it couldnt understand their thoughts.The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, “We want to make sure people only use these types of te

84、chnologies when they want to, and that it helps them.” The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.1What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 1 refer to (指代)?AA way.BAnything.CThe bra

85、in.DAI.2What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?ATo describe the process of the experiment.BTo explain the results of the experiment.CTo offer some opinions about the experiment.DTo list the difficulties with the experiment.3What does the example in paragraph 3 show?AThe AI is much cleverer than peo

86、ple.BThe AI didnt start the work as it was ordered.CThe AI couldnt understand the exact words of what people thought.DThe AI will be well developed according to peoples special needs.4What can we learn from the text?AIt is not difficult to take AI under control.BAI will not be used in a proper way i

87、n the future.CAI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems.DIts expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas.5What can be the best title for the text?AHigh Risks of Using AI.BMind-Reading Development.CImportance of Human Brain.DWays of Improving Technology.（2023四川泸州统考中考

88、真题）Its reported that Shenzhou-16 will bring international paintings by teenagers from 10 African countries to the China Space Station.Jing Haipeng, one of the astronauts for the Shenzhou-16 manned spaceflight mission, shared the information during the Shenzhou-16s press conference（新闻发布会）at the Jiuqu

89、an Satellite Launch Center in Northwest Chinas Gansu Province on Monday.These paintings were beautifully drawn by teenagers from 10 African countries including Algeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Egypt, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa and Zimbabwe.“Indeed, we

90、 have this special and meaningful purpose, which is to show international paintings for the first time on the China Space Station, and these excellent works are from the winners of Tianhe Award for young friends from the 10 African countries,” Jing explained.“At present, we have not seen the paintin

91、gs. I believe they will be bright. Exploring the vast universe（宇宙）is the common dream of all human, no matter the race, age, or nationality. We look forward to joining hands with all peace-loving people to create a better tomorrow,” he continued.“We will take the childrens best youth, best friendshi

92、p, and best dreams into space, plant the seeds（种子）of science, friendship, and dreams on the China Space Station, and let them grow and bear fruit,” Jing hoped.1What does Jing Haipeng do?AA reporter.BAn artist.CA gardener.DA spaceman.2Where are some of the teenagers mentioned from?AEgypt, Mauritius a

93、nd Mexico.BMali, Colombia and Zimbabwe.CMadagascar, Algeria and Somalia.DNigeria, South America and Madagascar.3What did Jing Haipeng think of these paintings?AWonderful.BFunny.CGeneral.DFashionable.4Which of the following is true?AThe paintings were chosen from Chinese teenagers.BThe paintings have not been shown before in space.CJing Haipeng has seen the paintings when interviewed.DThe winners of “Tianhe Award” can get a space ticket.5Whats the main theme of the passage?AHuman and nature.BPeace and friendship.CScience and technology.DCulture and education.