初中英语语法六十条：配备六十道题(无答案).docx

1、初中英语语法六十条满分攻略The moon shines _ the light of the sun.1. tell的五种用法：tell sb sth （双宾语）e.g Tell me your name. 告诉你我的名字tell sb + 宾语从句e.g He told me that he had seen the film.他告诉我他已经看过这部电影tell sb to do sth（不定式作宾语补足语）e.g The teacher told us to clean the classroom.老师关照我们去打扫教室。tell sb not to do sth 关照某人不要做某事（不

2、定式 to do，否定形式用 not to do）The teacher told us not to look out of the window。老师关照我们别向窗外看 Tell 后面往往跟sb，如果sb，没有出现往往是被动语态例：We _ (tell) to start at once.在一些特殊的词组中，tell 后可以没有sbTell a lie 说谎 tell the time 报时Tell the difference between A and B讲明A和B的区别Its hard to tell Joan from John把Joan和John区分开来很难Tell （sb）a

3、story 讲故事Tell (sb) the truth 讲真话2. （1） composition v. 作文在元音因素开头的字前用aneight 八 eighteen 十八 eighty 八十Eight hundred 八百 eight thousand 八千Eleven 十一当心：one wn 数字one是元音字母开头，但不是元音因素开头e.g a one-hundred-dollar bill以元音因素开头的字母a e f h i l m n o r s xe.g I have got an “A”There is an “f” in the word “fish”以元音因素开头的单词

4、 an hour an honest boy an interesting book an American girl当心：a UFO (Uju:)对照an Unidentified Flying Object a useful animal A university对照： an uncle An umbrella 3. friend是可数名词单数，前面一定有冠词或其他修饰的词 a friend the friend This/that friendMy/Your friend(但不能重复使用）在另一个手里 in the other hand在我的另外一个手里 in my other hand

5、.s=his=her4. teach的用法teach sb sth（双宾语）Teach us EnglishTeach our Englishteach sb a lesson 给某人一个教训teach English /Chinese 教英语/语文teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事teach oneself 自学（teach-taught-taught）5. help的用法help sb （to）do sth （to后跟动词原形，to可以省略）help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人e.g help me with my English 在英语方面帮助我help o

6、neself to（介词） sth （to是介词，介词后跟动名词或者名词）请随便吃些什么Help 后常跟宾格还是反身代词，关键看to后是动词还是名词：to 后跟动词，前面有宾格；to后用名词 前面用反身代词。6. 不定式作主语，用it作形式主语It is necessary for us to wash the face every day.对照：If you like this rubber,I will lend it to you.7. all，neither 和both的辨析All 是三者及三者以上的“都”（Two/both）是两者的都不和twin（双胞胎）连用Neither 的用法N

7、either 表示两者都不，Neither 后直接跟名词，名词用单数Neither is.Neither of 后跟名词复数，但动词多用单数动词e.g 两个房间都不大Neither room is bigNeither of the rooms is big.e.g 两个答案都不对Neither answer is correct.Neither of the answers is correct.Both的用法Both his parents are workers.Both 放在主语，句首His parents are both workers.Both 放在be动词后His parent

8、s both speak English.Both放在行为动词前9. Others，the other和another的辨析Others 泛指其他人，往往用句型“一些人.另一些人.”：some. others.the other表示剩下的全部（前面有一定的范围）e.g Tom and Dick are in the classroom.Where are the others?The others= the other+名词复数=the other +数字=the rest碰到不可数名词，剩下的全部只能用the rest，表示两者中的一个，要用the other E.g翻译：钟有两个指针，一个

9、是长的，一个是短的。The clock has two hands.One is long,the other is short.Another 表示三者及三者以上的另一个e.g I dont like this one. Please show me another.10. a few,a little,few,little的辨析 A little/ little 后跟不可数名词 A few/a little表示肯定Few/little 表示否定e.g This composition is quite good.There is few mistake in it.固定搭配：quite a

10、 few、quite a little Only a few、only a littleFew/a few 用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few 表示肯定意思，有几个。例如：He has few friends here,he feels lonely.他在这里没朋友，他感到寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。Little/a little 用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定的意思，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定的意思，有一点儿，例如：There is little ink in my bottl

11、e,can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点墨水吗？11. a lot of/ lots of +可数名词复数/不可数名词，它只用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句中改用many/ muchE.g There are a lot of books in our school library.否：There arent many books in our school library.疑：Are there many books in our school library?Plenty of 后跟可数名词复数以及不可数名词，它也只用于肯定句。否定句中没有m

12、any/much，疑问句中改用enough。e.g There is plenty of rain in my hometown.There isnt much rain in my hometown. Is there enough rain in your hometown? 12.until 的用法Until前的短暂动词要用否定，这个动词到until所引导的时间状语以后才开始。e.g He didnt leave his office until he finished his work.对照：He left his office after he finished his work.U

13、ntil 前的持续性动词用肯定，这个动作到until所引导的时间状语时结束了。e.g He waited until his mother back.13.be good at =do well in 擅长. Be better at 更擅长.14.end 的用法at the end of . 在.的尽头/末尾On the end of the pencil 在铅笔头上 in the end = at last = finally 最后by the end of last year 到去年年底为止（用于过去完成时）对照：by the end of this year 到今年年底为止（用于一般将

14、来时）15. 介词in和on 的用法月份/年份前要用in 具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上用on：on the morning of July the sixth.16. Way的用法In this way 用这种方法 in another way 用另一种方法 on ones way to school 去学校的路上By the way 顺便.way to do.=way of doing. 做某事的方法This is the best way to plant trees =This is the best way of planting trees. 这是种植树木最好的方法17. 在too.

15、to.句型中，表示对某某人来说，介词用for。18. 在不定式做主语的句型中，形容词代表sb的性质，介词用ofe.g Its kind of you to help me English如果形容词不代表sb 的性质，介词用fore.g Its important for us to read English every morning.补充：something作主语+be+形容词+介词+sb 这里的介词一般用toe.g1.pens are important to students. 2. Smoking is harmful to you.但有五个形容词用for：good，bad，diffi

16、cult，hard，easye.g Smoking is bad for you. Personal informationName: Min Xu First name last name Given name sur nameEnglish name： NicoleNick name : I have no nick name.(绰号）Age： Im fifteen years old .Birth place: Shanghai I was born in Shanghai.Date of birth: I was born on May the twentith ,2019Mother

17、 land: China is my mother land.Nationality: Chinese（国籍） I m Chinese 我是中国国籍的 Im a Chinese 我是中国人Height：160 cm（centimeters）Weight：50 kg（kilograms）I m 50 kilograms heavy.School:SISU Minhang Experimental SchoolFavourite subject:ChineseFavourite food:appleHobby: reading and writingFamily members: There ar

18、e three members in my family.They are my father, my mother and I.Best friend : Ziyi Yu21. 表示“乘.交通工具”有三种方法： by bus / train/ bike/car/taxi/plane. On a bus/train/bike对照：in a car/ taxi/ spaceship Take a bus/ train Take buses22. solve solutionSolve v. 解决 Solution n. 解决的办法a solution to/ of.解决. 的办法。23. “上学

19、迟到”两种用法：be late for school= come late to school24. Must + 动词原形表示肯定的推测 e.g Tom must be in the classroom. Tom 一定在教室里 must have done 表示对条已经发生的事情的肯定推测 e.g You must have seen this film.May+动词原形表示不肯定的推测e.g He may be in the library.May have done 对已经发生事情的不肯定推测e.g They may have been to Beijing .他们可能去过北京。表示不肯

20、定推测，用cant+动词原形e.g The man on the playground cant be our English teacher because he is so young.在操场的男人一定不是我们的英语老师，因为他太年轻了。25because 是连词，后面跟句子，句子一定是由主语+谓语组成，这里没有谓语。介词“with”短语，可以作为伴随状况26. 表示确定的数字，用“hundreds of ”：成百上千，“thousands of”：成千上万，“millions of”：几百万所以：hundred ，thousand，million 只有当他们有of的情况下，才能用复数，来

21、表示不确定的数字。用了复数，前面不会有数字。e.g About _ of the tourists are old people who are from the South.A. Thousands of B two hundred C two hundred of D. two hundred.注解：只有two hundred是确定的数字，故选B。27. 普通名词组成的专有名词要大写 The great wall 长城 The Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国表示序号数字放在名词前用序数词，数字放在名词后用基数词。Lesson three= the thi

22、rd lesson 第三课World-war-two= the second world war 二次大战Unit two= the second unit 第二单元28. more的原形：many/much Many和much 不能作表语，所以比较级more不能作表语，他们只能做定语。 e.g many students 许多学生Much water 许多水More persons 有更多的人我们图书管里的书的数目正越来越多。The number of the books in our library is becoming more and more.正确: The number of t

23、he books in our library is becoming bigger and bigger /larger and larger/greater and greater.我们国家婴儿的数目正在变得越来越少。 The number of the babies in our country is becoming less and less.Little 不能作表语，所以less 也不能作表语。正确：The number of the babies in our country is becoming smaller and smaller.29.两者比较用比较级30.最高级一定有

24、比较范围31. I dont think+宾语从句句型，译成中文，否定放在宾语从句中。32.make表示使得，后面跟形容词、名词、不定式，以及过去分词（做宾补）。e.g The good news made us happy. 这个好消息使我们开心。 We made him a great runner after hard training. 在艰苦训练后，我们使他成为了一个伟大的跑步运动员。 The boss made his child to work ten hours a day. 老板使这个小孩每天工作十个小时。I speak English slowly.I want to ma

25、ke myself understood（过去分词表被动）.32题形容词做宾补，34题某些动词修饰sb 的时候，用过去分词起形容词的性质。33. sound 系动词后面跟形容词做定语。 某些动词当主语是something ，用现在分词起形容词的性质做表语。e.g The film is moving. 这部电影十分动人。 The book is interesting. 这本书十分有趣。34.见第32条语法35. 比较级前可以用a little，a bit，even，still，much，far，千万不能用more。36.a little 后跟比较级37.some time 表示一段时间，前面

26、往往有“for”，for some time sometime 表示某时候，往往用于将来时或过去式e.g We will have an English test sometime next week. some times 表示几次，几倍e.g I have read this book some time这本书我看了几次 sometimes 意为“有时候”，往往用于一般现在时（无特殊情况时）e.g Sometimes I go to school by bike.对照例题：Sometimes this old man _(go) to the park before.38. come fr

27、om From 是介词，介词后面跟名词，动名词，代名词等。39. 根据句意，得出答案。40. Weather和work是不可数名词，前面不可以用不定冠词a ，但用冠词thee.g The weather in Shanghai is changeable. 上海的天气变幻莫测。一件工作：a piece of work=a job41. show及物动词后面跟宾语，后跟名词，代名词，动名词作宾语。Interest 可以做名词和动词。某些动词，当主语是something，用现在分词起形容词的性质，做表语。e.g The book is interesting. 这本书很有趣。 The news i

28、s surprising. 这条新闻令人惊讶。The moment is exciting。这个时刻激动人心。The film is moving. 这部电影很动人。有时候这个现在分词还可以放在something前面作定语。e.g an interesting book 一本有趣的书 The surprising news 这条令人惊讶的新闻 the exciting moment 这个激动人心的时刻某些动词当主语是sb，用过去分词起形容词的性质做表语。e.g I am interested / surprised/ excited/ worried/pleased/ satisfied/fr

29、ightened. 我对.十分感兴趣、惊讶的、兴奋地、担忧的、高兴的、满意的、害怕的.42. 在中文中，我们可以说虽然. 但是. “因为. 所以.” 但英语中只能用一个e.g Although he is old ，he is active.He is old,but he is active.尽管他老了，但他还是十分活跃。Although只能放在句首，though可以放在句首也可以放在句中。In time 和on time 的区别In time 及时 （心目中一定有一个特定的时间段）e.g You must return the book in time.你必须及时还书。On time 准时

30、（心目中一定有一个特定的时间点）e.gYou must come to school on time.你必须准时到校。43. 祈使句： and/then +将来时态的句子条件状语从句用肯定句，将来时态句型。e.g Use your head， and you will find a good way. If you use your hand,you will find a good way.如果你多动脑筋，你就会找到一个好方法。祈使句： or+将来时态句型条件状语从句，将来时态句型。e.g Hurry up,or you will miss the train. If you dont hu

31、rry up,you will miss the train.如果你不尽快，你将错过火车。44. since要用于完成时态，until的两个先后时态要注意。45. Because 引导的是原因状语从句，有直接的因果关系。e.g He didnt come to school today because he was ill.Although引导让步状语从句Until引导时间状语从句So that 引导的是目的状语从句 为了.以便。E.g I got up early this morning so that I could reach school on time.复合句我今天早上起得很早，为

32、的是我能够准时到校。改成简单句，直接用in order to/ so as toI got up early this morning in order to reach school on time.Please speak a little louder in order to let everybody in the bedroom hear you.请说响一点为了让这个房间的每个人都听得见你。如果主句的主语和从句主语不是同一个人，改成简单句时，用in order to let sb do sth.46. in the sun 阳光下 in the moon 月光下Water动词，浇水、

33、名词，水while 表示正当.时，往往要用进行时态e.g I met Tom while I was walking in the street yesterday . 当我昨天在街上走的时候，我遇到了Tom。while 表示“而.”，有对照的意思。e.g The sky is blue while the grass is green 天空是蓝色的，而草地是绿色的。He is extremely clever while his brother is quite slow in mind.他们十分聪明而他的兄弟脑子很慢。47. until前面的持续性动词用肯定，这个动作到until所引导的时

34、间状语时就结束了。时间状语用现在时代替将来时，主将从现。When he comes here tomorrow，I will give him the book.当他来到这里，我将把书给他。48. the childrens palace 少年宫Excuse me后可以直接跟问句，如果问句前面有空格只能用but。49. 过去进行的三种用法：在过去某一个动作同时发生的事情。e.g I was writing a letter when my mother come in.当我妈妈进来了，我正在写一封信。在过去某一点时间正在做的事e.g We were doing some cleaning fr

35、om two to four yesterday afternoon.昨天下午两点到四点，我们正在大扫除。50. fish，sheep,（中国人）Chinese ,（日本人）Japanese 单复数是一样的这里的fish，一定是复数，如果是单数的话语，可数名词单数前一定有冠词或其他修饰的词，如a fish，the fish，my fish，this fish可数名词复数前，不用任何修饰词，表示泛指。e.g Pens are important to students钢笔对学生来说十分重要。51. with flowers 是介词短语作定语，真正的主语是the basket 所以要用单数动词。A

36、 girl with long hair 一个长头发的女孩A coat with four pockets 一个四个口袋的外衣The picture on the wall 在墙上的画The teacher on the playground 在操场上的老师52. 过去进行时用于过去某一个动作同时发生的事情53. 动作还没发生，应该用将来时态。e.g You may use my bike你可以用我的自行车Come in，and have a look at the furniture.进来看一看这件家具54，must+动词原形表示肯定推测55. need 的两种用法：Need 作为行为动词，

37、改成否定句或疑问句，加助动词e.g I need your help.我需要你的帮助I dont need your help我不需要你的帮助Do you need my help?你需要我的帮助吗？need 作为情态动词，后面用动词原形，往往用于否定句或疑问句中。e.g You neednt water the garden.你不需要给花园浇水。Need you go so soon？你需要走这么快吗？neednt用于must引导的问句的否定回答A：Must I do it now？我现在必须做完吗？B：No，you neednt.不，你不必56. used to do 表示过去一直这样做，

38、而现在不这样做。e.g I used to go to school on foot. 我过去常常走去学校对照：be used to doing/sth 习惯于.I am used to reading in the morning. 我习惯于在早上读书I am used to the life in Linshu.我习惯了在临沭的生活。57. happen to do 碰巧.58. Can表示本能，a bird can fly ,a fish can swim对照be able to do sth 表示经过努力之后做成的事情（有时候be able to do和can 可以通用）I can s

39、wim 我能游泳I am able to swim 59. enough修饰形容词和副词，放后面：big enough fast enough足够快Enough 修饰名词放前面 enough time 足够的时间 enough money 足够金钱在too.to.句型中当主语是sth，主语就是不定式的宾语，代词要省掉。This box is too heavy for the boy to carry it。这个盒子太重了以至于不能拿。60.had better （not）do最好（不）要做某事初中英语60道必刷题单项选择题满分攻略1. The teachers told us _ the c

40、lassroom.A. Clean B. to clean C.cleans D cleaning 2. She got _“A” in final exam.A. an B.a C.the D./3. John is _ friend of _.A. a, Sherlock Holmes B.the ,Sherlock HolmessC. a,Sherlock Holmes C.a,Sherlock Holmess4. Miss Xu teaches _ English,and she _ when she was a student.A. us, taught herself B. our

41、,taught herselfB. our,taught her D. us,taught her5. Mary ,help _ to some fish !A you B your C yourself D yourselves6. It is _ for us _ face every day.A necessary, wash B necessary,of washing C necessary ,to washing D necessary, to wash7. You _ improve your English _ you work hard.A. Wont ,or B will

42、if C will unless D wont unless8. _of the twins has been there.A All B Both C Either D.Neither9. I dont like this one. Please show me_ one.A the other B another C others D other10. The text is easy for you.There are _ words in it.A few B a few C a little D little11. There is _ rain in my hometownA. P

43、lenty of B. any C.a few D.much12. He _ home until he _ his homework.A. Didnt go ,finish B go , finishedB. Went ,finshed D didnt go ,finished13. Nicole is _ at playing the piano.Mary is_ at playing the piano than NicoleA. good，good B well ,well Cgood, better Dwell, best14. He _ this novel by the end

44、of last year.A. Has finished B. had finished C. finished D will finish15. He has gone to Beijing _ the morning of Nov.7th_ 2019.A. On, on B. in , in C in ,on D on, in16. _ this way , your English will be improved quickly.A. By B .In C. On D. From17. Its _ heavy _ lift the bags.But thanks Mr White to

45、 help me with it.A. Too , that B. so , that C too,to D. so, to18Its _of you to help me with my EnglishA kindness B kind C friend D friendly19. _ is harmful _ you.A Smoking ,to B .Smoke ,to C. smoking ,of D.Smoke , of20. I _ May .20th in 1990.A. Am born with B. was born,on C. was born at D. am born,i

46、n21. I _ to work.A. Take a bus B by bus C. take a bus D. by a bus22. Money is _ solution _ solve the problems.A. The,of B the，in C a ,of D.a , to23. Jack always _ school.A be late for B comes late to C, is late to D. come late for24. The light is still on now. Tom _ in the classroom.A can be B. may

47、be C. must be D. will be25. I wont come_ I have something important to do.A. Because B so C.with D.because of 26. _ students went to the Book Exhibition.A. Hundred B.Hundreds of C .Thousand D. Million of27. _ Great Wall is the_ wonder of the world.A. /, first B./,one C,The,one D.The, first28. I have

48、 _ than _A. more books,yours B. many books,youC more books, you C. many books ,you29. Jack is _ than Jane.A taller. B tall C. tallest D the taller30. Of all students, Jack is _. A. The taller B. the tallest C. taller D. tallest31.I dont think the texts are difficult,_ _ ?A. do ,they B. are they C. a

49、rent they D dont they32. The good news made us _. A. happily B. happy C. to happy D .happiness33 The film sounds_.A. Interested B interesting C interest D interests 34.I speak English loudly, I want to make everyone _.A understanding B understood C understand D. to understand35. This problem is_ mor

50、e difficult than that one .A. A little B little C the D a few36. My bag is a little _ than yours.A big than B. bigger than C. bigger D big 37. Were going to see a film _ next week.A sometimes B. some time C sometime D some times38. She comes from_.A China B British C. French D .America39. The boy _

51、with that girl. A fells in love B fall in love C. fell in love in B falls love in40. _ weather in Shanghai is changeable.A the B. / C. The D. it41. The foreigner show _ in Chinese food .A interest B.interesting C interested D interests42. _ he is old, _ he is active.A /,but B. Although ,but C But ，/

52、 D. / ,and43. Hurry up,_you will miss the train.A. or B and C with D if44. It_in that country since 2019.A was staying B has stayed C. stays D. stayed45I study hard _ I can get an A in final exam.A. so as to B.in order to C. so that D so46. She _the flowers _.A. Watered ,in the sunshine B. watered，u

53、nder the sun C.watered，in the sun D. water,in the sunshine47. _she attends school,I will give her the report.A. When B. until C.After D before48. _,where is the Childrens palace?A Sorry B excuse me C Hey D.Thats all right 49. Mr Smith was driving in a snowstorm_he rushed to a tree.A. while Buntil C.

54、after D.when 50Fish_ in the sea.A are B is C be Dam51. _ the basket with flowers.A. Thats B There are C.These are D. Those are 52. It _at six oclock this morning.A. is raining B. was raining C.rains D. has rained53. Youre ill,you _ see a doctor.A. Can B may C could D maybe54. Tom fell off his bike a

55、nd hurt his arm ,he_in the hospital now instead of school.A can be B,may be C. must be D.could be 55. Today is Friday,so you_ complete your homework tonight.A. Neednt B dont need C didnt need D. need56.There _few cars ,but now there are more cars than before.A used to be B .is used to C is used for

56、D use to be57. I _see my good friend Lucy in the street,we had long time no see.A. Happen to B happen C happens D happened to58. A bird _fly.The plane _ fly.A. Can ,can B. be able to ,be able to C . can ,be able to D be able to ,can59. He is _carry the heavy box.A enough strong B. strong enough C enough strong to D. strong enough to60. The weather in Linshu is changeable ,you_go out.A had better B. had better not C. not to D.have not to