北京市门头沟区2021届高三下学期3月一模英语试卷 WORD版含答案.docx

1、2021北京门头沟高三一模英 语1本试卷共I页，共100分，考试时长90分钟、2.请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。3.试卷所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。请使用 2B铅笔填涂，用黑色字迹签字笔或钢笔作答。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节 完形填空（共10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Old Bernard Baruch.8I years old, is still ambitious. His only reference to the past

2、was that, with great pride in eyes. he_1_to rank first in shooting. What makes this man still_2 _? The answer is his strong_3_ to keep being productive.Two of the hardest things to_4_ in this world are to get wealth by honest efforts and, having gained it, to learn how to use it in a proper way. Rec

3、ently I walked into the locker room（休息室）of a well-known golf club. A dozen middle-aged men were seated at tables drinking heavily and talking _5_. Day after day these same men hung out there and each of them had been a man of affairs and wealth,_6_ in business and respected in society. However, it s

4、eemed that they are too content to be aggressive. They knew that their productivity had _7_ gradually. When a fruit tree doesnt bear its fruit, it is dying. In this way it resembles（类似）man.What is the _8_of a long and happy existence in the world? I think I found it long ago in a passage. The words

5、were few, but had a lasting_9_on me: In the sweat of the face shall you eat the bread. The words have been and will always be a great _10_ to me. At the end of the road I want to feel that I have fought a good fight and lived to the full.1. A. ManagedB. seemedC. expectedD. meant2. A. CarefulB. innoc

6、entC. energeticD. normal3. A. ReasonB. dutyC. actionD. desire4. A. ReceiveB. achieveC. throwD. refuse5. A. aimlesslyB. helplesslyC. fearlesslyD. hopelessly6. A. interestedB. strictC. successfulD. absorbed7. A. disappointedB. changedC. improvedD. increased8. A. trendB. ideaC. senseD. secret9. A. mood

7、B. influenceC. impressionD. focus10. A. honorB. comfortC. approachD. inspiration第二节 语法填空（共 10小题每小题 1.5 分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AToday, there is a trend that the youngsters havent enough sleep during the night. Lack of sleep among children and teenagers in

8、China _11_（get） worse in the past ten years, with more than 80 percent getting insufficient sleep on school days, a report _12_(publish)on Monday said. Chinese youngsters slept an average of 7.8 hours a night on school days last year, 20 minutes_13_（little） than in 2009，according to the report from

9、the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Psychology.BWhy was the ox chosen to be one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs（生肖）? Centuries ago, most people _14_(earn)their living through farming. Today, the phrase the spirit of ox still refers to overcoming anything_15_ may present itself as an obstacle

10、（障碍）.The spirit _16_（praise） highly and many people follow it as their work principle. When someone achieves a great accomplishment（成就）through hard work，people often use niu, meaning awesome_l7_ (describe) him or herCNowadays, there exists a common phenomenon. A man walks _18_ the sidewalk, a smartp

11、hone in hand and completely absorbed in the digital world. Just as _19_computers achieved before, smartphones are now changing our life. I am truly grateful for the convenience brought by it. But meanwhile I feel deeply anxious. To stay informed, I constantly update my WeChat.Thats why I often find_

12、20_(me)absent-minded.第二部分;阅读理解（共两节，38 分）馆一节（共14 小题;每小题2 分，共 28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AThe spa town of Cheltenham sits on the edge of the Cotswolds, in the county of Gloucester. Below is a look at four fabulous attractions that make Cheltenham such aterrific place to visit.Che

13、ltenham FestivalThe festival is an annual, four-day feast of racing and, on the last day, features the famous Cheltenham Gold Cup Steeplechase. Its a dramatic race of around 3 miles and 2.5 furlongs. and the horses have to clear 22 fences. Anything can happen. In 2020,this last day of the festival d

14、rew in a crowd of 68,859.Pittville ParkIf you visit Pitville Park, youll find it divided into two main parts by the Evesham Road. The eastern side is home to the childrens play area and is where people can view wildlife. Meanwhile, on the western side of the road, youll find the larger area of the p

15、ark and small areas of woodland. Theres also a lower lake at which you can fish during fishing season. Thats not the only activity, however. Theres a skate park, tennis courts and a small childrens play area.Holst Birthplace MuseumCheltenham was the birthplace of the 19century English composer Gusta

16、v Holst, and visitors can visit the home in which he was born. Youll receive a taste of what Victorian life was like, as the home boasts a working Victorian kitchen, scullery, and nursery. The museum also allows you to discover the composers life and times by allowing you into his music room. Here i

17、s where he composed The Planets.Sudeley CastleThis private castle, which is surrounded by views of the Cotswolds, holds the claim to fame of being the only castle in England to have a queen buried in the grounds. The castle has witnessed all sorts of drama throughout its history and is one of the mo

18、st interesting Tudor castles youll ever visit.If you would like more information on Cheltenham Town, please visit the website: 21.Pitville Park is unique in its_A. game areasB. horse racingC. beautiful viewsD. childrens performances22.Which of the following will a music fan be interested in?A Pitvil

19、le Park.B. Sudeley Castle.C Cheltenham FestivalD. Holst Birthplace Museum23.Where is this article probably from?A. A diaryB.A novelC. A website D.A magazineBWhat comes to mind when you think of kung fu? If your mind is filled with images of Shaolin monks, Bruce Lee, or Kung Fu Panda, you wouldnt be

20、wrong. But for Laurence J. Brahm, an American documentary filmmaker, the first thing that springs to mind is the concept of non-violence.As Brahm explained, if you break down the character wu, it consists of two characters: one isge, meaning dagger-axe; the other iszhi, meaning to stop. So, the mean

21、ing of martial arts in Chinese is not the art of fighting, a concept that many people take for granted. On the contrary, he said, kung fu is the art of stopping fighting.Brahms relationship with kung fu dates back to the 1970s when he was a karate student in Hawaii. My master always told me that if

22、you want to fully understand karate, you have to go to Shaolin in China. Thats where the origin is, Brahm said. In 1981,he managed to visit the Shaolin Temple, situated at the foot of the Songshan Mountain in Central China, for the very first time. He left the mountain, a little disappointed at not

23、finding the martial-arts spirit he expected. But his passion for kung fu and his desire to find out more were stronger than ever before.Over the years he trained in many different styles, such as tai chi, Wing Chun, Jeet Kune Do to understand all of them. Martial arts can help us connect our body, c

24、onnect our neural system, connect our blood flow, and also help connect us into our environment to increase our awareness. Martial arts is moving meditation（冥想），Brahm said， his eyes bright and intense.But to him, kung fus charm and values are far more than that. He combined the knowledge from many m

25、asters and scholars with his own experience as a practitioner and tutor to extract 12 key principles and values of the martial arts: perseverance, roots, loyalty, respect, harmony, change, balance, centering, emptiness. flow, pragmatism, non-violence.Kung fu， in my eves，is a mirror of Chinese cultur

26、e.” Brahm said “The traditional values of kung fu ,actually, are in the minds of all Chinese people.”24. What does Paragraph 2 really want to tell us?A. The character “ge” means “to stop”B. Kung fu is the “art of non-violence”C. The character “wu” consists of two charactersD. Martial arts in Chinese

27、 means the “art of fighting”25. How did Brahm manage to get the idea of kung fus values?A. He visited the Shaolin Temple in 1981B. He trained in many different styles over the years C. His master told him about it when he was in HawaiiD. He joined his knowledge and his experience together26. Accordi

28、ng to the passage, which word can best describe Brahm?A. Determined B. EnergeticC. ConfidentD. FriendlyCPeople eat more when they are glued to the television. and the more entertaining the program is, the more they eat, according to a new research.It seems that distracted（分心的）brains do not notice wh

29、at the mouth is doing， said Dr. Alan Hirsch, neurological director of the Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago.Hirsch explored the impact of smell, taste and eating behaviors while watching TV by measuring potato chip consumption. Forty-five volunteers ate as many chips as th

30、ey wanted every six minutes while they watched monologues by late-night talk show hosts David Letterman and Jay Leno. They were still given chips to eat when the television was off. Hirsch found people ate an average of 44 percent more chips while watching Letterman and 42 percent more while viewing

31、 Leno, than when they did not watch TV.If you concentrate on how the food tastes, youll eat less because youll feel full faster, Hirsch said in an interview at the Endocrine Societys annual meeting in Toronto. So if thats the case, lets look at the opposite. What if youre distracted? If youre distra

32、cted, in theory, then youd eat more.Through his research at the foundation, Hirsch has helped people overcome the loss of sense of smell and sense of taste. which typically results in weight gain because the brain does not know when it should stop eating.The ventromedial nucleus（腹内侧核）in the hypothal

33、amus（ 下 丘脑）， where the so-called satiety（饱腹感）center is located. tells the body whether it is hungry or full. It is inhibited or tricked, the result can be changes in eating patterns, he said.People who cook spaghetti all day dont feel like eating spaghetti at the end of the day, said Hirsch, By bein

34、g exposed to a smell all day long its tricking the hypothalamus.Volunteers were asked to concentrate on the sensory characteristics of the food such as taste and smell. Researchers say these sensory clues, in addition to inner body changes. mark satiety.But when distracted. a person does not pay att

35、ention to either the bodys sensations of feeling full, or to the sensory characteristics of the food.Many studies have linked being fat to watching television and that link is likely due to inactivity, Hirsch said. But perhaps entertaining shows are also contributing.If you want to lose weight, turn

36、 off the television or watch something boring, he said.27. When Hirsch conducted the research, he_A. evaluated the degree of the volunteers loss of taste B. measured the amount of the chips the volunteers ate C. analyzed the volunteers preference on TV programs D. counted the minutes the volunteers

37、spent on TV programs 28.According to the research, when will you feel full faster?A. When we are distracted.B. When we focus on how the food tastes. C. When we are watching entertaining programs.D. When the brain doesnt know when it should stop eating.29.Why does the author mention People who cooks

38、paghetti all day dont feel like eating it at the end of the day?A. It tells us that eating spaghetti is inhabited.B. It indicates that spaghetti doesnt taste good at the end of the day.C. It tells us that people who cook spaghetti don like eating spaghetti. D. It shows that smell is telling the hypo

39、thalamus that the body is full.30. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To prove that being fat is linked to inactivity.B. To reveal the relationship between TV programs and eating behaviors.C.to explain why watching television makes people eat more and gain weight. D. To find how sensory char

40、acteristics of the food affects peoples feelings of eating.DOur electronic devices today store an awful lot of personal information. We use the devices to read and send e-mails, check bank balances, and even pay our bills over the internet. We want to be assured that if our devices are stolen. our p

41、ersonal information stored inside them will remain safe from the thief who physically possesses the device.To deal with this problem. Apple has come out with a new iPhone that uses biometric（生物识别的）information to lock itself up. The phone has a fingerprint scanner that will lock or unlock the phone.

42、Your fingerprint becomes the key, and this makes it nearly impossible for others to use your phone without your immediate permission or does it?At first look, one would think that this type of security would be welcome in the high-tech community where privacy is valued. Instead, some people are even

43、 more worried about their privacy. According to revealed documents, the US National Security Agency is able to slip into smartphones, while the agency can also legally force companies to turn over customers personal information. If this is true, the fingerprint scanner on your smartphone might becom

44、e a tool for the authorities to collect your fingerprint data.Another problem with using biometrics to secure devices is that people dont know how secure the systems actually are. Germanys Chaos Computer Club claimed to have slipped into a biometrically secured iPhone within days of the devices rele

45、ase to the public. If this is the case, people who are using this type of security are much more vulnerable than they are led to believe. Although most security systems are hacked by someone eventually, the speed at which biometric security was hacked was very upset to some.Regardless of how a devic

46、e is secured, the debate is still attributes to the trade-off between privacy and security. Governments sometimes need to look at large amounts of information in order to defeat terrorist secret plans, and necessarily, some of the data come from you and me. When we use iPhones and other devices, we

47、lose the ability to safeguard information that we would rather keep private, and we are forced to put trust in others.It will always be difficult to strike a balance between privacy and security with growing changing technology. Nevertheless, one thing is crystal clear: we all have to sacrifice some

48、 of our privacy in order to have security for the public.31. Why do people want to be assured that their electronic devices wont be stolen?A. Because people depend too much on it B. Because electronic devices are necessary in the workplace C. Because electronic devices are getting more and more expe

49、nsiveD. Because there is too much personal information in their electronic devices32. The example of the US National Security Agency aims to tell us _A. The biometric devices are fully safeB. Companies keep users personal information safeC. The biometric devices will be the popular way to ensure our

50、 privacyD. The authorities may drive companies to turn in users fingerprint data33. The underline word in Paragraph 4 means_A. stableB. insecureC. reliableD. difficult34. From the last paragraph we can learn that_A. the government will eventually know everything about usB. It is impossible to know w

51、ho can be trusted in this technological worldC. It is necessary to give up a certain amount of privacy for the sake of securityD. Very few people are willing to use fingerprint security on their new phones第二节（共5小题; 每小题 2 分，共 10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Healthy eating, like many th

52、ings, doesnt have to be an all-or-nothing enterprise. If youre looking to eat healthier, here are a few simple things you can do that dont involve an extreme diet.Figure out the problem.Its important to know what youre trying to fix. You would just first of all get to the root of the problem and see

53、 what the main obstacles are._35_ If you decide that you spend too much time mindlessly snacking, maybe its because your meals arent filling enough, or you need more nutritionally-balanced snacks around.Start small,Make one or two changes to your daily routine and see how that goes. If its doable an

54、d sustainable, try adding another change and see how that feels. _36_If the habit you are developing is customized（定制）to you，to your lifestyle，to how you feel and to your reality, it will be easy for you to repeat it and to make it a habit._37_We have become increasingly dependent upon processed and

55、 convenient restaurant meals. Our taste buds（味蕾）can come to long for these high-fat， high-salt food. Cooking more often can often improve your dietary quality and decrease your reliance upon these foods.Add some fibre.Many of us feel full and energized after a high-fibre meal or snack. Remember that

56、 fibre fills us up on few calories._38_High-fibre diets have been linked to a range of health benefits, including protecting against disease. We should choose whole grains, and add chia seeds to things like cereal or yogurt to boost their fibre content.Use smaller plates.Using smaller plates at meal

57、 time is an easy thing to do that can bring us big benefits._39_ Make sure that half your plate is covered in fruits or veggies.Make a commitment to focus on life-long behaviour change using strategies that are healthy, enjoyable and therefore sustainable.A. Cook more at home. B. Rely on restaurant

58、meals.C. Its about building new habits.D. Then, you can look at the cause.E. You can turn to your friends for help if necessary.F. It slows digestion，lowers cholesterol（胆固醇）and stabilizes blood sugars.G. This will help to control portion（食物的一份）sizes so that you can be a more mindful eater.第三部分 书面表达（

59、共两节，32 分）第一节（12分）阅读表达（共4小题;第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。EACH DECEMBER. the Oxford English Dictionary（OED）nominates（提名）a word describe the year which had just passed. In 2019.the OED needed two words; climate emergency. For 2020, there was another kind of emergencyCOVID-19 but this ti

60、me he OED needed forty words to describe it. Yes, 2020 has been a very unusual year that hasnt been easy to describe.Two of the obvious words the OED has suggested have been pandemic and “lockdown. The former appeared. of course, because COVID-19 has spread around the world, and the latter because t

61、he life-threatening disease has brought most of human activity across the globe to a standstill. Businesses have been closed, travel stopped, and people have had to stay in their homes for weeks or even months on end.2020 has undeniably been a bad year, but I would like to describe it in a more posi

62、tive way, so I nominate cooperation and hope as my words of the year.As the pandemic began to spread, there was a great deal of cooperation between countries and international health organizations. They shared information about the virus and how it could be contained. And countries shared medical su

63、pplies and equipment with other countries which needed them. China took a leading role in this effort by sending masks and protective clothing to Canada, the United States and Europe, as well as to countries in the Middle East and Africa. Without this cooperation, the pandemic, bad as it has been, c

64、ould have been much worse.And that brings me to my second word: hope. Even though COVID-19 is still around and will continue to affect our daily lives for at least a little longer, we are beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel. Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, w

65、ith a little hope, we will get to see the world begin to return to normal.2020 is over;2021 awaits us. With cooperation and hope, it should make for a wonderful year.40. Why has the OED suggested lockdown?41. What does the author mean by we are beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel in

66、Paragraph 5?42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.2020 is viewed as a bad year because of the spread of the pandemic and it isviewed totally negative.43. Which word would you nominate to describe 2020 except the words mentioned in this ar

67、ticle? And why? (about 40 words)第二节 （20分）假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 在做关于中学生运动情况的调查，想了解你的运动情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括1、 你喜欢的一项运动；2、 这项运动给你带来的益处；3、 关于运动的建议；注意：1、词数100左右2、 开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。Dear Jim._YoursLi Hua 门头沟区2021年高三年级综合练习 英语答案及评分参考 2021.3第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1A2C3D4B 5A6C7A8D9B10D第二节

68、 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11. has got 12. published 13. less14. earned 15. that 16. is praised 17. to describe 18.on/along 19.what 20. myself第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21A22D23C24B25D26A27B28B29D30C31D32A33B34C第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35D36C37A38F39G第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（12分，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，

69、第43题5分）40. Because the life-threatening disease has brought most of human activities across the globe to a standstill.41. Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, with a little “hope,” we will get to see the world begin to return to normal.42. 2020 is viewed as a bad year because of

70、 the spread of the pandemic and it is viewed totallynegative. （1分） According to the passage, 2020 brings us not only pandemic but also cooperation and hope. 43. 略评分标准及细则【第40题】一、 内容：意义符合原文，回答内容完整。1. 如抄写第二段的最后两句不扣分。2. 如仅抄写第二段的最后一句扣1分。二、 语言：准确、连贯。如准确性和连贯性欠佳，酌情扣分。【第41题】一、 内容：意义符合原文，回答内容完整。1. 与答案意思接近不扣分2

71、. 只写答案中的前半句或后半句扣1分。二、语言：准确、连贯。如准确性和连贯性欠佳，酌情扣分。【第42题】一、 划线标准1. 划线完全正确，得1分。2. 整句全划不得分。二、 内容：解释符合原文意义。三、 语言：准确、连贯；如准确性和连贯性欠佳，酌情扣分。【第43题】一、评分标准分档具体描述一档5分紧扣主题。语言准确、连贯，仅有个别错误。二挡3-4分贴近主题。在准确性和连贯性上，有少量语言错误，不影响理解。三挡1-2分和主题相关。语言上有大量错误，影响理解。四挡0分所表达内容和主题完全不相关。或者仅孤立地罗列出和主题相关的个别单词。二、评分细则：1. 内容：内容意义上言之有理即可得分。1) 照抄

72、原文某些段落，不得分。2) 所表达内容与题目要求无关，不得分。3) 提名是词或词组均可，但必须是文本以外的词或词组，只要符合要求不扣分。2. 语言：准确、连贯；如有错误，酌情扣分。3. 字数要求1) 如超过50字，扣0.5分。2) 如少于30字，扣0.5分。第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1.本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。4.拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

73、5.词数少于80，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档（18分20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求，所用语法和词汇准确；体现了较强的语言运用能力；完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（15分17分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时考虑到了交际的需求；体现了较强的语言运用能力；达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（12分14分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（6分11分）未

74、恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第五档（1分5分）未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、One possible version:Dear Jim,How is everything going? Knowing you are conducting a survey of the sports that high school students do, Im writing to tell you about wh

75、at I do.Actually, playing basketball is my favorite. I usually play basketball with my friends after school and take part in competitions.I have benefited much from playing basketball. It helps me keep fit and provides me with a way to refresh myself during the stressful school days. In addition, I

76、learn to be more courageous and persistent when facing challenges. It also teaches me closer cooperation is the key to success and brings me many friends with the same interest.Therefore, I suggest everyone do physical exercise regularly and wed better choose one that suits us and we really enjoy. This is my experience and understanding of sports. What about yours? So looking forward to your sharing.Yours,Li Hua