北师大版高中英语选修八 Unit24 Society-语法篇（教师版）.docx

1、Unit 24 Society 语法篇 _1、虚拟语气在书面语中2、虚拟语气在口语，非正式用语中一， 虚拟语气在书面语中1. 用“should/ought to+动词原形”的形式。We should go out foe a walk. You ought to study hard for your future. 温馨提示：should和ought to都表示“应该”，一般可以互换使用，但是should含有“按我的想法应该”的意思；ought to语气强烈，强调“有责任，义务或按道理应该”的意思。2. 有些动词后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。此

2、类动词可以用“一，二，三，四法”进行记忆。一个“坚持”，即insist。He insisted that we (should) attend the meeting. 两个“命令”，即order和command。The boss ordered all the workers (should) be there on time. 三个“建议”，即suggest, advise, recommend。He suggested that we (should) go out for a walk.四个“要求”，即demand, require, request和desire。I demanded

3、 that he (should) answer me as soon as possible. 注意：当suggest表示“暗示，表明”：时，insist表示“坚持说”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。3. 在“Its desired/ suggested/ required that”句型中，后面的主语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。It is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight.4. 在suggestion, proposal, order, advice, demand

4、等名词后接的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。Theres no suggestion that you (should) resign.5. 在“It is (high) time that”这一特殊句式中，谓语动词用过去式或should do的形式表示虚拟，should不能省略。Its time that we went home.二， 虚拟语气在口语，非正式用语中1. 用if I were you, Id句型，语气更委婉，含蓄。If I were you, Id go with them.2. 用I think you should /o

5、ught to do句型，语气稍强。I think you should buy him a gift.3. 如果要强硬的批评，责备某人或提出建议，可用下列句型：Its about/ high time thatIts about time you got down to reading.Youd better do sth. / Youd better not do sth. Youd better give him some advice on it.Id rather sb. did sth. Id rather you came tonight.例 1. You _ trust an

6、online shop just because it has a beautifully-designed website.A. shouldntB. mustntC. couldnt D. neednt 解析：句意：你不应该仅仅因为有一个设计优美的网站就相信一家网店。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知此题选择A项shouldnt不应该。mustnt禁止；couldnt不能；neednt不需要，均不符合句意。答案：A。例 2. Eye doctors recommended that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.A

7、. wasB. beC. wereD. is解析：句意：眼科医生建议孩子的第一次演讲检查应该在六个月大的时候进行。动词recommend后跟宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词形式为“should+动词原形（should可省略）”。答案：B。例3. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be解析：句意：如果你没有丢掉地图，我们现在回到宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，if引导的从句是对过去事实的阐述，而主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词应为：would/ sho

8、uld/ could/ might + do结构，故选择D项。答案：D。例4.（2019北京大兴高三一模） How I wish everybody _ the opportunity to travel in space.A. has B. hadC. will haveD. has had解析：句意：我多希望每个人都有机会去太空旅行啊！根据语境可知，wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，故用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的假设。故答案选B。答案：B。例5. （2019北京石景山高三一模）The old man wished he _ to see the birth of his grandc

9、hild.A. would live B. livedC. had livedD. lives解析：句意为：老人希望自己能活着见到他的孙子出生。根据句意可知，该句为虚拟语气，表示对将来情况的虚拟，从句应用would live。故A正确。答案：A。基础演练一， 单项选择。1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house wi

10、th a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt getB. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

11、A. Were B. Should C. WouldD. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prison.A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted no

12、thing _ wrong with him. A. on him to go; should beB. he went; be C. he go; wasD. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today.-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than today.A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible.-Yes, but I _busy

13、doing my homework.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meet.A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part inKeys： 1-10 CBDBC CCBAA巩固提高一， 单项选择。1. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had i

14、t not been forB. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for2. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented3. （2019北京高三顺义第一学期期末考试）He looks very hot and dry.So would you if y

15、ou _ a temperature of 40.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. have had4. (2019北京高三丰台一模) Although the test _ look like a simple one, great care is needed.A. mayB. mustC. shouldD. need5. （2019北京高三朝阳一模）Congratulations! I hear youve won the first prize in the singing competition.You _ be mistaken. Im in the dan

16、ce class.A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. couldKeys：1-5 DABAA 一，单项选择。1. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. comeD. had come2. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment.A. was, had helpedB. was, would have helpedC. had been, wou

17、ld have helpedD. were, would have helped3. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbB. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbedD. hadnt been, could climb 4. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD.

18、would be5. -I am going to tell her the news.-I would as soon you _her about it. A. didnt tellB. dont tellC. hadnt tellD. wont tell6. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _home.A. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay7. It was requested that the play _again.A. should put onB. would put

19、onC. be put onD. put on8. She insisted that a doctor _ immediately.A. had sent forB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent9. -Did you scold him for his carelessness.-Yes, but _it.A. Id rather not doB. Id rather not have doneC. I should t doD. Id better not do10. If only I _my car.A. hadnt lostB. wouldnt los

20、eC. didnt loseD. havent lost11. But for water, it _impossible to live in the earth.A. isB. wouldC. wereD. wouldnt be12. I would rather you _anything about it for the time being.A. doB. didnt doC. dontD. didnt13. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own son.A. isB.

21、wereC. had beenD. should be14. How the old people wish that they _young once more.A. wereB. could becomeC. had beenD. should be15. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem.A. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had heldKeys: 1-15 DBCDA DCCBA CBBAB_一， 完型填空。My first expeditionWhen I was about

22、 twelve, I 1 the chance to go to western China, looking for rare plants in an extraordinary area of mountains and forests. I wasnt all that 2 in plants, but my dads a botanist by 3 and he was going as an assistant to Professor Beal, who was 4 the expedition. It was an important international expedit

23、ion and my name was 5 not on the list of participants. But at the 6 moment, one of the experts broke his ankle and had to 7 out. It was impossible to get anyone else to go at such 8 notice, so my dad suggested taking me, 9 the experience. I think the professor was so surprised that he agreed without

24、 thinking, but he obviously began to 10 doubts as soon as the plane was in the air. I remember him 11 that he hoped I wasnt going to run around and 12 on rare specimens! As if I was a little kid.My dad didnt say anything as bad as that, but he did say that he hoped he wasnt going to 13 bringing me.

25、I tried to be really quiet so they would forget I was there. They didnt realize it at the 14 , but my ambition was to get a photo of a wild panda. And, of course, in the end thats 15 what I did.1. A. gotB. foundC. reachedD. received2. A. fascinatedB. keenC. interestedD. fond3. A. workB. professionC.

26、 jobD. employment4. A. offeringB. givingC. leadingD. exploring5. A. completelyB. definitelyC. particularlyD. confidently6. A. lateB. finalC. lastD. end7. A. dropB. slipC. fallD. look8. A. quickB. briefC. fastD. short9. A. toB. forC. onD. of10. A. haveB. seeC. doD. feel11. A. speakingB. tellingC. tal

27、kingD. saying12. A. stepB. spoilC. squashD. ruin13. A. discourageB. regretC. disappointD. apologize14. A. minuteB. pointC. eventD. time15. A. perfectlyB. correctlyC. exactlyD. accurately二，写作。假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，去年你作为交换生在美国学习和生活了半年。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇关于你在美国学习和生活情况的短文，向学校英语报社的投稿。注意：词数不少于60。Study and liv

28、e in AmericaLast term I stayed in America for half a year as an exchange student. _Keys:一，1-15 ACBCB CADBA DABDC二，Study and live in America Last term I stayed in America for half a year as an exchange student. Luckily, I lived in a family with a boy who was my classmate in America. Every day we went

29、 to school and returned home together by school bus. And my home stay parents always cooked me traditional American cuisine which I enjoyed very much. At school, I found that American class was so different that we sat in class in groups according to our own choices. The teacher talked much less and

30、 we had more chances to express ourselves. Sometimes, I went sightseeing with my home stay family. We even had a trip by ship on the river to see the Statue of Liberty. On weekends, several classmates often went out for some social activities. Once we took a ride to the countryside by bike. The view was wonderful. The life in America was unforgettable. I learned a lot from the experience of being an exchange student there.