2013届牛津英语第一轮复习课件 MODULE7 UNIT4（2）.ppt

1、Module7Unit 4Public transport（2）10/29/20251、Because of the smoke from the steam engines,early underground lines needed large holes leading to the surface at regular intervals,so that people could get fresh air and would not choke.由于蒸汽机冒出来的烟，早期的地铁线在一定的间隔下有一个洞通向表面，以便让新鲜空气进来，不会让人窒息。10/29/2025本句中so that

2、 引导目的状语从句；leading作定语修饰 holes。This is the passage leading to his backyard.这是通向他后院的走廊。I study hard,so that I may not fail in the examinations.我用功，免得考试不及格。We turned on the light so that we might see(so as to see)what it was.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。10/29/2025Bring it I may see it better.把它拿近点儿，让我仔细看看。closer so

3、that10/29/20252、So,why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?所以今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？Why not do？是Why dont you do？的省略形式，这是表“建议”的句型，意为：为什么不做呢？其肯定式是why do you do/why do？肯定句式常用于责问对方，意为：为什么做？Why dont you(Why not)sing a song?为什么不唱支歌呢？Why do you/Why lend him the money?为什么要借钱给他？10/29/2025表

4、示“建议”的其他句型：(1)Lets do，shall we?/How/What about doing？我们可以做吗？/做怎么样？(2)Cant we do？我们不能做吗？(这是一个否定疑问句表示建议或邀请)(3)I suggest you(should)do/I advise you to do/Youd better do 我劝你应该做/你最好做(这3个句型均为直接向对方提出建议，使用时需注意句中的动词形式)10/29/2025(4)Maybe we could do 也许我们能做(5)Would you like/love to do？你愿意做吗？(6)I wonder if you

5、should do 我想知道你是否应该做(7)I think its better for you to do 我认为对你来说做更好。10/29/2025 Its a long time since I saw my sister._ her this weekend?A.Why not visit B.Why not to visit C.Why not visiting D.Why dont visitA 句意：“我很久没有见到我的妹妹了。”“为什么不在这个周末去看看她去呢？”回答人显然是在提出建议。“Why not 动词原形”结构用来表示建议。10/29/2025Why the teac

6、her for advice?为什么不向老师征求意见呢？not turn to10/29/20253、Many cyclists fail to pay attention to the cars that surround them,and often ride too close to cars to allow them space and time to stop.许多骑自行车的人没有注意周围的车辆，而且经常骑得与车辆太近，以至于车辆没有足够的空间和时间刹车。句中的too close to cars to allow them space and time to stop 是“too

7、adj./adv.(for sb./sth.)to do sth.”句型，表示“太以致(某人)不能做某事”。10/29/2025The problem is too difficult for me to work out.这问题太难了，我解答不了。The gate is too narrow for a car to get through.这门太窄了，一辆小汽车通不过。其实，这类句子都可以改为sothat结构的句子。以上句子可分别改写为：The problem is so difficult that I cant work it out.The gate is so narrow tha

8、t a car cant get through it.10/29/2025too adj./adv.(for n./pron.)to do sth.结构在大多数情况下表示否定意义，即“太而不能”之意，但tooto结构在下列几种情况下，也可表示肯定意义。not 置于动词不定式前，成为toonot to do结构时，原来表示否定意义的不定式再次受否定，变为肯定意义，意为“太不会不”或“非常必定能”。He is too tall not to reach the book on the bookshelf.他很高不会够不到书架上的书。10/29/2025在tooto do这一结构前有not,nev

9、er,no longer,but,only,all等词时，这一结构的意思也为肯定意义。The box is not too heavy for me to carry.这个箱子并不重，我提得动。You know but too well to hold your tongue.你十分清楚少言为佳。Ill be only too glad to join in your games.我非常想参加你们的比赛。10/29/2025too 后为 anxious,eager,easy,glad,happy,pleased,excited,ready,satisfied,kind,willing,diff

10、icult等表示态度、心情、倾向等方面的形容词时，too 相当于very much(极其，十分，非常)，表示肯定意义。They were too anxious to leave.他们急着要走。Its too kind of you to help us repair the car.你真是太好了，帮助我们修车。当不定式充当句子中的实际主语时，tooto表示肯定含义。Its too wrong of you to have made such foolish mistakes.你犯这种愚蠢的错误实在是大错特错。10/29/2025D 句意：没关系，我非常高兴能帮助你。tooto前面有only表

11、示肯定意义，表示“非常”。Thanks for your trouble.Not at all.Im _ pleased to help you.A.too much B.too only C.so much D.only too10/29/2025too wise not to knowYou are _ that.你很聪明，必然会知道那件事情。10/29/2025never too old to learnOne is _.活到老，学到老。10/29/2025is too ready toThe model worker _ help others.这位劳动模范非常乐于帮助别人。10/29

12、/20253、Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control.在你的自行车上加上一个重东西会使自行车更难以控制。此句是make it adj.(for sb.)to do sth.句型。在此结构中，it是形式宾语，此结构中真正的宾语是后面的不定式，而形容词充当了宾语补足语成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用it作形式宾语的形式。10/29/2025Each new way of looking at a situation deepens our understanding and

13、 makes it easier to discover new possibilities.每一种看待情况的新方法都会加深我们对问题的理解，使我们更容易发现新的解决途径。The hard situation here made it necessary to make some changes.现在困难的局面有必要做一些变化了。10/29/2025(1)此类以it作形式宾语的动词还有feel,consider,find,believe,take,imagine,think,suppose,regard等。I consider it reasonable to tell her beforeh

14、and.我认为提前告诉她还是很有道理的。(2)make 宾语宾语补足语在这一结构中，宾语补足语可以是不带to的动词不定式、过去分词或形容词形式。make 宾语不带to的不定式。这一结构表示的意思是“使某人做某事”。若变为被动语态，补语要用带to的动词不定式。10/29/2025They made the boy stand in front of us.他们让那个男孩站在我们面前。In the old society,the farmers were made to work day and night.在旧社会，农民被迫不分白天黑夜地干活。make 宾语过去分词。这一结构表示的意思是“使某人

15、/某事被”。10/29/2025The chemistry teacher had a special way to make his students interested in chemistry.这位化学老师有一种特殊的方法使学生对化学感兴趣。make 宾语形容词。这一结构表示的意思是“使某人/某事(变得)”。make后的宾补还可用名词。She made herself the centre of the class.她使自己成为班里的中心。10/29/2025D 句意：作为诺顿最忙的人，她把关心镇里其他人的事作为她的职责。作形式宾语只能用it。As the busiest woman

16、in Norton,she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.A.this B.that C.one D.it10/29/2025find it quite impossible toI make some changes.我发现要做些变化不可能。10/29/2025made him very excitedThe interesting story _.这个有趣的故事使得他很兴奋。10/29/20251.D 考查连词。根据题意：如果很多人说这部电影不好看，我也懒得去看了，或者我等到

17、出了DVD再看。until 直到。1.If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD.(2011上海)A.whether B.after C.though D.until10/29/20252.D 本题考查宾语从句，whatn./pron.that。本题of 后缺少名词，other前缺少连接词。只有what 能替代两个成分，引导从句作of的宾语。所以，选择D。句意：你想通过你的话传递的信息也许正好与他人实际理解的相反。2.The message

18、 you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.(2011上海)A.why B.that C.which D.what10/29/2025强化训练（P.323）.单项填空0105.BBDDB0610.DABAD1112.BC10/29/2025强化训练（P.323）.阅读理解0105.CCACD10/29/2025阅读填空（P.）1.Shape/appearance2.Over 6-meter long3.Steps 4.its sharp-toothed

19、 snout5.Factors/Reasons for/Causes of10/29/2025阅读填空（P.）6.Peoples fish-catching activities/human actions 7.giving birth/breeding late8.Present/Todays situation 9.Aim/Goal/Purpose 10.Providing protection for10/29/202510/29/2025主谓一致句子中谓语动词和主语在人称和数上的统一性叫主谓一致。10/29/20251语法一致原则。即主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式。主语为复数形式，

20、谓语动词用复数形式。2意义一致原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语表达的实际意义决定。同样形式的主语含义不同时，谓语单复数形式有变化。3就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词确定。4承前原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词确定。10/29/20251“Either A or B谓语”结构，谓语取决于B。Either the students or their teacher dislikes basketball.老师和学生都不喜欢篮球。但在一般疑问句中，谓语取决于A。Do either the students or their teacher dislike bas

21、ketball?这种谓语取决于与其最近的主语现象叫做“就近原则”。10/29/20252“Neither A nor B谓语”结构，谓语多取决于B。但现代英语也出现复数谓语，理由是neither A nor B是两部分之和，为复数概念，故其后可用复数谓语。Neither she nor I was(或were)fortunate enough to gain extra points.她和我都不幸未能获得附加分。3Neither of 接单、复谓(通常视为单数，但在口语中，从表达的实际意义上亦可视为复数)None of 接单、复谓语Neither of them is(或are)right.他

22、们两个都不正确。10/29/20254“A as well as/(together)with/along with/but/rather than B谓语”结构，谓语取决于A。All but Li Dong have passed the test.除了李东所有人都通过了考试。5表示钱数、时间、长度、数学等概念名词，其后通常用单数谓语。20 kilometres is too much for them.20公里是他们吃不消的。10/29/20256There be 结构中be的形式取决于靠近be的名词，若是单数名词，则be为is/was;若是复数名词，则be为are/were(即第1条中的

23、“就近原则”)。There is a desk,two chairs and three sofas in the room.房间里有一张课桌，两把椅子和三把沙发。7a group of，a team of后跟复谓、单谓皆可，跟复谓的理由是不止一个人，跟单谓的理由是将许多人视为“一组”、“一队”这样的一个单位体。A group/team of students are/is cleaning the street.一群学生在打扫街道。10/29/20258像school,class,family,team,group等这类群体名词，其后谓语可能是单数形式，也可能是复数形式。通常视其为一个整体单

24、位时，用单数谓语；视其为群体成员时，则用复数谓语。The class are having a meeting.这个班学生在开会。The class is not very big.这个班不是大班。9像police,clothes,trousers这类复数概念名词，其后总是跟复数谓语。the wounded(伤员)后总是跟复数谓语。10/29/202510像clothing,news,information,advice这类不可数名词后应跟单数谓语，但它们前面有可数性短语修饰时，也可跟复数谓语。Three pieces of news were announced on TV.电视上播放了3条

25、消息。11百分数of复名复谓，百分数of单名/不可数名词单谓。分数后的谓语形式同百分数。40 percent of the students are girls.40%的学生是女生。80 percent of the task has been finished.完成了80%的工作。10/29/202512who/why/how/whether/if/than引导的名词从句单谓。How he got there is unknown.不知道他是怎样到那儿的。13Many a 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。14More than one 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。15One and a half

26、 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。10/29/20251.Entering the room,the headmaster said,“Everyone _ quiet,please.”A.keep B.keeps C.is keeping D.to keep10/29/2025A此题容易误选B，因为主语 everyone通常被视为第三人称单数，所以其后谓语用keeps。但事实上，最佳答案应是A，注意句末的 please，它表明此直接引语为祈使句，只不过该祈使句带上 everyone 这个主语。既然是祈使句，所以动词用原形，即选A。10/29/20252.In fact,_ one cause t

27、hat leads to the problem.A.cattle is B.cattle are C.cattles are D.the cattles are10/29/2025B从表面上看，此题似乎应选A，其实，正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜，牛)为集合名词，用作复数意义，但不用于复数形式(即不加复数词尾s)，若用作主语，谓语要用复数。10/29/20253.More than one student _ read the novels,which _ written by David.A.has;was B.have;were C.has;were D.have;was10/29/2

28、025C此题容易误选B，其实最佳答案为C。more than one student(不止一个学生)从形式上看是单数，但从意义上却是复数，它用作主语时，英语习惯上让其谓语与该主语的形式(而不是意义)保持一致，即用单数谓语。至于第二空要用复数，因为which指的是novels，故谓语用were。10/29/2025各个击破（P.325）.单项填空0105.CDABA0610.ADBCA1115.CDCBA1620.AAACC2125.ABABB2628.CAB10/29/2025Homework 精练23 感谢您的关注感谢您的关注Thank you for Thank you for your attention!your attention!10/29/2025