专题21 社会问题与社会现象 -备战2022高考英语完形填空话题分类训练(高考真题 各地模拟题).doc
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1、备战2022高考英语完形填空话题分类训练(高考真题+各地模拟题)专题21 完形填空之社会问题与社会现象Passage 1(2020天津高考真题) Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 1 - -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 2 in a clever way.
2、The 3 ? Chat benches.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 4 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 5 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 6 when she said that she didnt act
3、ually 7 being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 8 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 9 to do something about it. He 10 the police department to allow h
4、im to 11 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 12 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 13 conversations.The idea is catching on 14 There are now o
5、ver 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 15 outcome from getting involved. Jones idea has been fully 16 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 17 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying
6、hello.This effort is not just a(n) 18 at being community minded- -its also a 19 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 20 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.1AchoiceBdiscov
7、eryCvisitDpromise2AexperiencedBsufferedCpreventedDfelt3AsolutionBpuzzleCexcuseDintention4ApleasureBprizeCcreditDmoney5AeventuallyBfrequentlyCpreviouslyDoccasionally6AashamedBshockedCexcitedDamused7AmindBforgiveCriskDenjoy8AactiveBlonelyCcautiousDstubborn9AlearnedBrefusedCpretendedDdecided10AforcedBo
8、rderedCconvincedDtaught11Aput awayBmake outCtear apartDset up12AreadBclaimedCmeantDimplied13AformalBjoyfulCawkwardDcrazy14ArandomlyBslowlyCquicklyDpurposefully15ApositiveBdisappointingCcorrectDembarrassing16ArealizedBexaminedCdiscussedDformed17Abreak downBput upCkeep offDtake out18AglanceBattemptCkn
9、ockDattack19Aheart-breakingBrisk-takingCface-savingDcrime-cutting20AforbidsBappointsCencouragesDtroublesPassage 2(2015安徽高考真题) In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 21 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 22 because people are t
10、hrowing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 23 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 24 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 25 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful
11、 and 26 .Another cause is our 27 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 28 people, we are always looking for 29 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 30 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products al
12、so 31 to the problem. We are 32 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 33 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 34 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 35 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains o
13、f rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 36 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 37 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 38 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 39 throwing them away. We also need
14、to rethink our attitudes about 40 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.21AkeyBreasonCprojectDproblem22AgiftsBrubbishCdebtDproducts23AfaceBbecomeCobserveDchange24AhideBcontrolCreplaceDwithdraw
15、25AThanks toBAs toCExcept forDRegardless of26AsafeBfunnyCcheapDpowerful27AloveBlackCpreventionDdivision28AsensitiveBkindCbraveDbusy29AwaysBplacesCjobsDfriends30AdonateBreceiveCproduceDpreserve31AadaptsBreturnsCrespondsDcontributes32Atired ofBaddicted toCworried aboutDashamed for33AnewerBstrongerChig
16、herDlarger34Apick upBpay forChold ontoDthrow away35AadvantagesBpurposesCfunctionsDconsequences36AshowBrecordCdecreaseDmeasure37AtechnologyBenvironmentCconsumersDbrands38AHoweverBOtherwiseCThereforeDMeanwhile39AbyBin favour ofCafterDinstead of40AspendingBcollectingCrepairingDadvertisingPassage 3(2015
17、广东高考真题) How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 41 to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is 42 healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as
18、130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 43 . They wear out, and as a result, we get old and 44 die.Even though we cant live forever, we are living a 45 life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old ag
19、e begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the 46 line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental 47 until after age 75.People are living longer because more people 48 childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, man
20、y children died of common childhood 49 . Now that the chances of dying 50 are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The 51 in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our
21、 way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see 52 , not disaster. Today, many men and women in their golden years are healthy, still active, and young in 53 if not in age.As our society grows old, we need the 54 of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them,
22、 they need to 55 active and be devoted.41AdesignedBselectedCimprovedDdiscovered42AcompletelyBgenerallyCapparentlyDextremely43ArapidlyBharmlesslyCendlesslyDseparately44AeventuallyBhopelesslyCautomaticallyDdesperately45AbusierBlongerCricherDhappier46AfinishingBguidingCwaitingDdividing47AstressBdamageC
23、declineDfailure48AsurviveBenjoyCrememberDvalue49AproblemsBfearsCworriesDdiseases50ApoorByoungCsickDquiet51AchangesBrecoveryCsafetyDincreases52AdreamsBchancesCstrengthsDchoices53AmindBappearanceCvoiceDmovement54AprotectionBsuggestionsCcontributionsDpermission55AsoundBappearCturnDstayPassage 4(2020北京市
24、第四十三中学二模) The structure in organizations has changed. It has transformed from a boss to a leader being at the top and from method directing to cooperation, 56 how many of us have actually made this 57 within ourselves?Lets not get personal about any person or connect this to any 58 organization. Con
25、sider the 59 pattern on a social media website such as LinkedIn. We often see good articles written by junior-level employees which 60 new enthusiasm and new perspectives, but how many senior-level 61 go and Like the article? Not 62 read it, but actually Like” it. More often than not, the answer is
26、none. Leaders read such articles, but they 63 to press the Like button due to some fear!A friend of mine, who holds the 64 of Director of Human Resources in a reputed organization, happened to mention an article that his team member had written. I casually enquired 65 the absence of a Like or commen
27、t from him. His answer really 66 me! He said: You know what my 67 is? I cannot be commenting or liking his article in public! Amazed by this behavior, I did my research on this pattern on a few social media platforms. Yes, people want to “Like or comment on articles and photos that are published by
28、people with a(n) 68 level and do so as well.While we are 69 the Like button on a junior-level employees one year anniversary, we jump to be one in a few hundreds to offer 70 on a senior-level leaders one year completion. However, I think our precious “Like for the employee 71 a lot and encourages hi
29、m, while, on the other hand, it is 72 many hundreds and is not 73 noticed by the leader.Encourage new talents and 74 them. If we do not exhibit this socially, I am sure we will not 75 it in our job either.56AsoBotherwiseCyetDwhile57AorganizationBmethodCcooperationDtransformation58AunusualBordinaryCc
30、ommonDparticular59AbehavioralBonlineCpopularDpersonal60AopposeBcontainCpromoteDlack61AleadersBwritersCemployersDreaders62ApreciselyBbarelyCmerelyDthoroughly63AstopBhopeChesitateDregret64AnameBtitleCfaithDhonor65Afor lack ofBon account ofCin need ofDwith regard to66AconfusedBastonishedCdissatisfiedDa
31、nnoyed67AteamBlevelChabitDreputation68AsuperiorBdifferentCaverageDjunior69ApressingBmissingCskippingDconsidering70Acongratulations BsuggestionsCopinionsDremarks71AchangesBrequiresCprovesDmeans72Aintended forBreplaced byCjudged byDburied in73AevenBjustCeverDstill74AknowBmotivateCdemandDobserve75Arepr
32、esentBlikeCshowDnoticePassage 5(2021湖北巴东一中二模) Speed-reading is a crucial skill in the Internet age. We skim over articles, e-mails and tweets to try to 76 key words and the essential meaning of a certain text. 77 with information from our electronic devices, it would be impossible to cope if we read
33、 word by word, line by line.But a new trend calls on people to 78 and enjoy reading slowly, using the linear (线性的) pattern, left-to-right sequence.A recent story from The Wall Street Journal reported on a book club in Wellington, New Zealand, where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smartphon
34、es. They 79 comfortable chairs and read in silence for an hour.Unlike traditional book clubs, the 80 of the Slow Reading Club isnt exchanging ideas about a certain book, but to get away from electronic devices and read in a quiet, 81 environment. According to the Journal, the Wellington Book Club is
35、 just one example of a movement 82 by book lovers who miss the old-fashioned way of reading before the Internet and smartphones.Slow readers, such as The Atlantics Maura Kelly, say a regular reading habit sharpens the mind, improves concentration, 83 stress levels and deepens the ability to empathiz
36、e (有同感).Some of these benefits have been backed up by science. 84 , a study of 300 elderly people published by the journal Neurology last year showed that regular engagement in 85 activities like reading slowed the rate of memory loss later in life.Another study published last year in Science showed
37、 that reading novels helps people understand others mental states and beliefs, a crucial skill in building 86 .Slow reading means a(n) 87 to an uninterrupted, linear pattern, in a quiet environment free of 88 . Aim for 30 minutes a day, advises Kelly from The Atlantic. “You can squeeze in that half
38、hour pretty easily if only during your free moments whenever you find yourself 89 firing up your laptop to check your favorite site, or scanning Twitter for something to pass the time you pick up a meaningful work of literature,” Kelly said. “ 90 your e-reader, if you like. Kindles make books like W
39、ar and Peace less heavy, and also ensure youll never lose your place in the book.”76AhighlightBgraspCdetermineDunderline77AFloodedBArmedCObsessedDImpressed78AunlockBuncoverCunplugDunpack79Astraighten inBrise fromCshift inDsink into80ApointBcauseCimpactDduty81AprotectedBinteractiveCrelaxedDaddictive8
40、2AdefinedBurgedCinitiatedDperformed83AincreasesBmaintainsCevaluatesDreduces84AIn briefBFor exampleCAbove allDBy contrast85ArecreationalBprofessionalCintellectualDeducational86AconfidenceBenduranceCawarenessDrelationship87AreturnBanswerCendDbarrier88Amisunderstandings BsufferingsCobstaclesDdistractio
41、ns89ApurposelyBautomaticallyCoccasionallyDleisurely90ACope withBReach forCBelieve inDStick toPassage 6(2019浙江模拟预测) We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet, 91 it, “Letters, to me and my friends mean 92 greetings; they get souls together. Thanks to letters, friends who are 93 speak.” He wrote the
42、se words nearly 400 years ago. Today, in the age of instant text message, social media, and email, they 94 ring truer than ever, because writing or receiving a letter has become such a 95 event.A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not 96 a letter for at lea
43、st 10 years. Thats ten years without the bitter-sweet 97 of pacing the floor waiting for the 98 ; ten years without recognizing the handwriting on the envelope and eagerly 99 the letter to read its content.We 100 not get them any more, but we still love handwritten letters. In the same survey, one t
44、hird of 101 people interviewed say that they 102 the content of sentimental (充满情感的) letters. Shouldnt we make 103 to give our friends and families what they will treasure forever? Ann Bickley went online in 2013 and offered to handwrite a letter to anyone who 104 her. Her website received 50,000 105
45、 in its first three months. Five years later, she is still the main 106 behind one-million-lovely- and has personally written 4,000 letters offering hope and 107 to strangers.The thought behind a letter 108 as much as its contents. “I never tell anyone that 109 is going to be OK,” Ann Bickley says,
46、“I am letting someone know that there is someone in the world who 110 them.”Who wouldnt love to receive a letter like that? Lets get writing!91AmadeBputChelpedDmanaged92Arather thanBless thanCmore thanDother than93AabsentBactiveCamusedDadmirable94AalsoByetCalreadyDstill95ApopularBcommonCrareDsimple9
47、6AreceivedBsentCwrittenDrejected97AsuccessBpleasureCconcernDcalmness98AengineerBdoctorCpoliceDpostman99AseizingBtearingChidingDcarrying100AcanBmustCmayDshall101AAmericanBChineseCAustralianDBritish102AforgetBchangeCrememberDnotice103AmoneyBroomChistoryDtime104AcontactedBinterviewedCconsultedDadmired1
48、05AguestsBvisitorsCfriendsDpartners106AforceBstrengthCsourceDenergy107AeffortBcomfortCsurpriseDexperience108AeducatesBguidesCmattersDrewards109AnothingBanythingCsomethingDeverything110Alooks afterBcares aboutCstruggles forDagrees with 试卷第9页,共9页学科网(北京)股份有限公司学科网(北京)股份有限公司参考答案1B2C3A4D5A6B7A8B9D10C11D12
49、A13B14C15A16A17A18B19D20C【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”,帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目,它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试,也是一种减少犯罪的措施。1考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择;B. discovery发现;C. visit参观;
50、D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。2考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题,它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪,但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历;B. suffered遭受;C. prevented阻止;D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可
51、知对于这一社会问题,有阻止的方法。故选C。3考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案?长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案;B. puzzle谜;C. excuse借口;D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选A。4考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐;B. prize奖品;C. credit信用; D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about 31,000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。5考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早
52、上都会接到一个陌生人的电话,他最终让她相信他是她的朋友,然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后;B. frequently频繁地;C. previously先前;D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑,由此可知,他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。6考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时,琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的;B. shocked震惊的;C. excited兴奋的;D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑,一个人被骗了很多钱,她一定会很生气。然而,这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震
53、惊。故选B。7考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时,琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意;B. forgive原谅;C. risk冒险;D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。8考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论,在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人,他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的;B. lonely孤独的;C. cautious小心的; D. stubborn顽固的。上
54、文老妇人说:“否则,我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”,结合下文,琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中,有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。9考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习;B. refused拒绝;C. pretended假装;D. decided决定。下文Hethe police department to allow him toa couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动,由此可知,琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。10考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园
55、里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced强迫;B. ordered命令;C. convinced说服;D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”,由此可知,他是说服了警察局。故选C。11考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A. put away放好;B. make out辨认出;C. tear apart把弄乱;D. set up设立。根据a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。12考查动词词
56、义辨析。句意:然后,他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子,上面写着:“聊天愉快。” A. read写着;B. claimed宣称;C. meant意味;D. implied暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着”应用动词read,故选A。13考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后,他发现人们坐在那里,进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal正式的;B. joyful愉快的; C. awkward尴尬的;D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了,结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”,可知人们坐在那里,进行着积
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鄂教版七年级语文下册第8课《诗两首》精题精练.doc
