2021版新高考英语一轮复习Module2TheRenaissance学案外研版选修8.doc

1、Module 2 The Renaissance一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇在不认识的词汇前划anecdote nauthentic adj.passerby n. dash v.crossing n. crossroads n.circulate v. chief adj.fundamental adj. drawback n.superb adj. substitute n.confidential adj. debt n.merely adv. outcome n.squeeze v. calculate v.official n. rural adj.profess

2、ion n.核心词汇写其形1subject n(绘画，摄影等的)主题2dull adj. 枯燥的；沉闷的3work n. 作品4reckon v. 认为5appeal v. 呼吁；上诉；恳求6suspect n. (犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子7loss n. 丢失；丧失8chief adj. 最重要的；首要的9blame n. (对错事或坏事应付的) 责任；责备10passion n. 激情，热爱11inspire v. 鼓舞，激励.拓展词汇通其变1disturb vt.& vi.打扰；打乱(计划等)disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.被打扰的；不安的2

3、base n基础v.以为基础basicallyadv.基本上，本质上，大致说来basic adj.基本的n.基本，要素 3effect n效果；作用effective adj.有效的；实际的affect vt.影响；感动；感染4motivate v激发，激励motivation n动力；积极性5skill n技能，技巧skilled adj.有技巧的，熟练的skillful adj.灵巧的6flee v逃跑，逃掉fled/fled(过去式/过去分词 )7seek v寻求，寻找，搜索sought/sought_(过去式/过去分词)8gift n天赋；天资；礼物gifted adj.有天赋的；有才

4、华的1.“打扰，麻烦”表达法disturb打扰，妨碍trouble 麻烦，使烦恼bother 烦扰，打扰interrupt 打扰，打断interfere 干扰，干预2.由blame想到的accuse vt.控告，指控charge vt. 指责forgive vt. 原谅pardon vt. 原谅；赦免excuse vt. 原谅scold vt. 责骂3.“认为”动词大盘点reckon 认为consider 考虑；认为count 计算；认为think 认为；思考believe 相信，认为regard 认为；看待(二)重点短语记牢用活1depend_on依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)2in_hi

5、story 历史上3leave_for 出发去某地4leave_sth.behind 把抛在后面5on_behalf_of 代表6get_tired_of_doing_sth. 厌倦做某事；厌烦做某事7at_liberty 获得自由的8up_to 到(某个数量)9lead_to 导致；通向，通往10take_up 从事，开始做(某项工作)1.“atn.”短语全扫描at liberty获得自由的at ease 安逸；自在at present 目前，现在at random 随便地，任意地2.“总之”短语大集合in short/brief总之；简言之in a/one word 总之，简言之in co

6、nclusion 总而言之in sum 总之，简言之3.聚焦“v.with”短语contrast with与相对照deal/do with 处理；对付meet with (偶然)遇见agree with 同意(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：Sb./Sth. is believed to be/do .人们相信/认为It is_believed_to_be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的

7、最好代表，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。句型2：特殊疑问词不定式Painters discovered how_to_use perspective and the effects of light .画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果句型3：makeitadj./n.to do sth.Printing made_it_possible_to_produce more copies in a few weeks than could have been produced in a lifetime written out by hand.印刷使这一点成为可能：在数周内印刷出来的书比一

8、个人一辈子手工抄写的书还要多。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式A根据汉语提示写出下列单词1Once performed, the works(作品) of Beethoven must attract all the people present at the concert.2Thanks to the help of several passersby(路人), they were sent to hospital in time.3But in the rural(农村的) society, most people do not possess these condi

9、tions.4One should always be full of passion(激情) in his life no matter how old he is.5Dont be so serious. I merely(仅仅) played a joke on you.B根据所给单词写出适当形式6The company is appealing(appeal) to everyone to save energy and water now.7He sought(seek) every opportunity to find the job he had wanted.8Inspire

10、d(inspire) by his words, they went on climbing the mountain.9The girl blamed(blame) for being late for class is weeping now.10Regretfully, the driver didnt stop but fled(flee) as quickly as possible after he knocked down an old man.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019天津卷)I was extremely inspired by the elegant w

11、ay the words sounded.鼓舞；激励2(2019北京卷)Who is to blame for the problem of robocalls？负责3(2019浙江卷6月)Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report.结果4(2019全国卷)It is difficult to figure out a glo

12、bal population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，00025，000 polar bears worldwide.计算出5(2019北京卷)Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.基本的.选词成篇in history; leave for sp.; on behalf of; up to;

13、compared with; contrast with1On_behalf_of our school, Id like to express our appreciation to you for your visiting our school and warmly welcome to our school. Our school has been a famous key middle school 2.in_history. 3.Compared_with other ordinary school, our school pays more attention to develo

14、ping students overall ability. Every year 4.up_to 80% of the students are admitted to key universities.at liberty; take up; in short; get tired of (doing) sth.; lead to; depend onMany Chinese high school students 5.get_tired_of their parents nagging(唠叨)They think their parents high expectations are

15、burdens. In other words, their parents high expectations 6.lead_to their negative emotions. Some experts suggest that parents should 7.depend_on the teachers or the friends of their children to communicate with them or talk to them directly. 8.In_short,_parents and children should understand each ot

16、her.完成句子1缺乏信心被认为是失败的一个主要原因。Lack of confidence is_believed_to_be one of the main reasons for failure.2我们无法控制发生到我们身上的事情，但是我们可以选择如何处理它。We cant control what happens to us, but we can always choose how_to_deal_with_it3互联网使得人们更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。The Internet makes_it_easier_for_people_to_get the information th

17、ey need. effectn结果；效果，效能；作用，影响基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects(effect) such as overweight and heart disease.a.The new law will come into effect in 2022; surely it will have an ef

18、fect on the industry of the country.bIt wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare every effort to do it.a.(2018全国卷)While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective(effect) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.b(2018北京卷)Ordi

19、nary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively(effect)能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Smoking is bad for your health, so youd better give it up.(高级表达)Smoking affects/has_a_bad_effect_on your health, so youd better give it up.(1)have an effect on/upon对有影响bring/carry/put.into effect 实施；使生效come/go into ef

20、fect 开始生效；开始实施take effect 生效；开始实施in effect 实际上；有效(2)effective adj. 有效的 佳句背诵 Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees professional development.有利的政策正在有效地鼓励员工的职业发展。(2019江苏卷)名师点津 表示“实际上”的表达还有in fact, in reality, in practice, actually, as a matter of fact等。词块助记cause and effect因果关系side eff

21、ect 副作用take effective steps 采取有效措施 seekv(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；企图；征求，请求基础练习单句语法填空a.(2018北京卷)More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking(seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions.b(天津卷)The book inspires confidence in students

22、 who wish_to_seek(seek) their own answers. (江苏卷)Scientists have been seeking to_understand(understand) the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction.(2017江苏卷)On the Internet, people can seek for/after information about their favourite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well.能力提升完成句子Many people c

23、rowded into big cities to seek_their_fortune(寻找致富的机会), but most of them failed.seek to do sth.试图/设法做某事seek after/for 追求；寻求seek out 挑选出；找出seek ones fortune 寻找致富的机会 佳句背诵 They managed to seek out a quiet place where they could sit down and admire the natural scenery. 他们设法找到了一个可以坐下来欣赏自然风景的安静的地方。词块助记seek

24、 sb.s advice征求某人的意见seek/go after fame and fortune 追逐名利seek jobs/work/employment 找工作；求职seek help/the truth/wealth寻求帮助/寻求真理/追求财富 blamen(对错事或坏事应付的)责任；过失；责备v责备基础练习单句语法填空(广东卷)Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. (2017全国卷)Lots of people find i

25、t hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.Dont always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame(blame)能力提升用blame的适当形式完成下面小片段他因这起事故受到了责备，但他把它归咎于别人。事实上，是他而不是别人该为此承担责任。He was_blamed_for the accident, but he blamed it on others. In fact, it is he,

26、not others, that is_to_blame_for/takes_the_blame_for it.(1)blame sb.for sth. 因某事而责备某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上be to blame (for.) 应承担责任；该受责备(2)take the blame for. 对负责put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上 名师点津 be to blame 只用于不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。词块助记take/bear the blame承担责任shift the blame/responsibility

27、推卸责任 depend on/upon相信，依靠；依赖；依而定；取决于(条件、情况)基础练习单句语法填空a.(2019北京卷)Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending(depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton(浮游植物)b(2017浙江卷6月)How much sleep you need depends(depend) a lot on your age.Jim is always late, so you can not depend on him to_come/

28、coming(come) on time.Dont worry. You can depend on/upon it that hell turn up on time. He always keeps his promises.能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)We dont know whether we will have the sports meeting. This depends_on(取决于) the weather.(高级表达)Whether_we_will_have_the_sports_meeting_depends_on_the_weather.(主语从句)(1)依

29、靠/指望某人做某事depend on/upon it that.相信；指望(2)That/It depends. 那得看情况。(口语) 佳句背诵 The limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.一个人的智力极限是生来就确定了的，但是否能达到这些极限取决于他所处的环境。(安徽卷)名师点津 rely on, depend on/upon, see to等词后接that 从句作宾语时，必须先用 it 作

30、形式宾语。Sth./Sb.is believed to do/to be.人们相信/认为(教材原句)It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。基础练习单句语法填空a.Body language is said to_account(account) for 55 percent of a first impression.b(

31、上海卷)The flu is believed to_be_caused(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.a.The professor is said to_have_succeeded(succeed) in carrying out this experiment.b(湖北卷)A number of paintings in this castle are believed to_have_been_destroyed(destroy) in a

32、fire in 2009.能力提升一句多译人们认为这些动物已经在这个地区生活了几万年了。Its_believed_that_these_animals_have_lived in the area for tens of thousands of years. These_animals_are_believed_to_have_lived in the area for tens of thousands of years.(1)Sth./Sb.is believed to do/to be., 意为“人们相信/认为”，该句型可改写为：“It is believed that.”或“Peop

33、le believe that.”。 (2)类似的句型还有：It is said that.据说It is reported that. 据报道It is suggested that. 有人建议It is thought that. 人们认为It is known that. 众所周知 佳句背诵 Education is believed to be the most important issue facing the government.教育被认为是政府面临的最重要的问题。名师点津 在Sth./Sb.is believed to do/to be.句型中，不定式可用一般式(to do)

34、、进行式(to be doing)、完成式(to have done)。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1(2017北京卷)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations(inspire) for great inventions.2(2018江苏卷)Some social app companies were to_blame(blame) because they didnt adequately check their users registration.3Nearly half a

35、million people are believed to_have_left(leave) their homes as a result of the war breaking out in Syria.4The volunteers are seeking to_create(create) more opportunities for the children in some remote mountains to learn English.5Suspecting(suspect) him of robbing the bank, the police were monitorin

36、g his phone calls.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1After retirement, Mike took up drawing, which he had always loved but had not had time for.2Sing! China of 2019 appeals to all ages and social groups in China and it is also popular with people all over the world.3You may depend on it that they will look after your

37、 daughter when you are away for the meeting.4. There are so many books! It is not easy for us to decide which to take and which to leave behind5Never get tired of_doing little things for others. Sometimes those things occupy the biggest part of their hearts.维度三派生词练习1The expert said relievers are a s

38、afe and effective medicine and have very few side effects on your body.(effect)2Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. (motivate)3The disturbing news made people present a

39、t the meeting disturbed(disturb)4Basically,_his income only meets basic living expenses. So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.(base)5Even if you are a gifted man, you should not take your gift for granted. Make full use of it and youll succeed.(gift)维度四完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1我正在

40、努力学习如何用英语提建议。(疑问词不定式)How_to_give_advice in English is what I am trying to learn.2经过一番激烈的讨论，一项新的计划诞生了，这将对学生的学习有很大的影响。(effect)After a heated discussion, a new plan came into being, which would have_a_great_effect_on the study of the students.3The flood in the south of China in the summer was believed

41、to be the biggest in 100 years.It_is_believed_that the flood in the south of China in the summer was the biggest in 100 years.4她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.(blame v)She put/laid_the_blame_for the failure of their marriage on her husband.(blame n)5这家餐馆建立在诚信之上

42、，现在运转正常。The restaurant is_based_on_trust,_and it is working all right.(base .on .)Based_on_trust,_the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)The restaurant, which_is_based_on_trust,_is working all right.(定语从句)提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)I took part in 1.a competition on behalf of ou

43、r school. I was believed 2.to_win(win) the game, but not 3.having_adapted(adapt) to the game as soon as possible, I failed. I 4.was_blamed(blame) for the failure. I was 5.extremely(extreme) discouraged. To be honest, I was at a loss 6.what to do next. I got 7.tired(tire) of everything. Though 8.depr

44、essed(depress), I tried to seek for a way to get out of the trouble. First, I shouldnt let this failure have a negative effect on myself. I decided to leave the feeling 9.behind. Second, I could depend on 10.others(other) to help me, in particular my teacher.提能二话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，你代表全班邀

45、请外教Mr.Smith 一起参观中国剪纸艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：展览时间、地点；展览内容。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)我代表我们班，邀请你参观剪纸展览，这一定会吸引你。On_behalf_of_my_class,_Id like to invite you to take part in a papercutting exhibition, which_will_surely_appeal_to_you展览将于下周六下午六点在我们市美术馆举行，届时一些才华横溢的艺术家将表演。The exhibition will be held in our city gallery

46、at 6：00 pm next Saturday.Some_gifted_artists_will_perform that day.多达300份剪纸作品参展。这些作品是从全国收集来的。Up_to_300_papercutting_works_will_be_exhibited. They are collected from all over the country.你可以相信，你不会厌倦参观这个展览。You can depend_on_it_that_you_will_not_get_tired_of visiting the exhibition. 我知道你喜欢中国传统文化，因此你最好不

47、要错过这个宝贵的机会。I know you_have_a_passion_for_traditional_Chinese_culture,_so you had better not miss the precious chance. 2升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句升级句The_exhibition_will_be_held_in_our_city_gallery_at_6：00_pm_next_Saturday,_when_some_gifted_artists_will_perform.用分词作定语升级句Up_to_300_papercutting_works,_collected_fro

48、m_all_over_the_country,_will_be_exhibited.3衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：meanwhile, therefore)_One possible version：Dear Mr.Smith，On behalf of my class, Id like to invite you to take part in a papercutting exhibition, which will surely appeal to you. The exhibition will be held in our city gallery at 6：00 pm n

49、ext Saturday, when some gifted artists will perform. Meanwhile, up to 300 papercutting works, collected from all over the country, will be exhibited. Therefore, you can depend on it that you will not get tired of visiting the exhibition.I know you have a passion for traditional Chinese culture, so y

50、ou had better not miss the precious chance. Yours，Li Hua (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020辽宁五校模拟)Kettles Yard, CambridgeThis modern art gallery in a Victorian house was founded in the 1950s by Jim Ede and reopened in February, following a twoyear redevelopment by Jamie Fobert Architects. This means a new cafe,

51、 a fourfloor education wing and improved gallery space that can accommodate more visitors. The gallerys permanent collection includes works of Joan Mir， Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth.Being Brunel, BristolTo celebrate the life and work of famous civil engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Being Brunel

52、 opened in March on Bristols harbourside. The museum included a range of interactive and entertaining exhibits, including talking portraits of his friends and family and personal possessions, including an 1821 school report. It is a good place for families to strengthen connections.Royal Academy of

53、Arts, LondonThe RA reopened on 19 May for its 250th anniversary, following a renovation(翻新) with a gallery and expanded exhibition programme. These will include three galleries, which will host exhibitions with a focus on contemporary art and architecture. The grand facade(正面) of the Burlington Gard

54、ens building has also been restoredpossibly the first time its had a proper clean in its 150year history.V&A, DundeeOne of the most significant new openings of the year will be Scotlands first designed museumand also the first V&A anywhere outside of Londonon 15 September. The museum building sits o

55、n the River Tay. It will celebrate Scottish designs and objects in its collection.【解题导语】本文介绍了四个艺术画廊(博物馆)的特点、展出的内容等。1What do we know about Being Brunel?AIt has a long school report.BIt includes three galleries.CIt is familyfriendly.DIt possesses permanent collections.C解析：细节理解题。根据Being Brunel, Bristol

56、中最后一句“It is a good place for families to strengthen connections.”可知，Being Brunel是一个家庭友好型博物馆。故选C。2The purpose of the RA reopening is_Ato expand the exhibitionBto mark its 250th anniversaryCto display contemporary artDto present its 150year historyB解析：细节理解题。根据Royal Academy of Arts, London部分中的“The RA r

57、eopened on 19 May for its 250th anniversary, following a renovation(翻新) with a gallery and expanded exhibition programme.”可知，RA重新开放的目的是纪念其成立250周年。故选B。3What is the purpose of the passage?ATo attract more visitors to the UK.BTo compare different tourist attractions.CTo describe some famous museums and

58、 artists.DTo introduce openings of some famous art galleries and museums.D解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一些著名的艺术博物馆和画廊的开幕。故选D。B(2020山西八校第一次联考)At a farm off Narrow Lane near Lexington, Kentucky, US., oldfashioned houses look over the little red barn(畜舍)The farm is mostly empty now.Jim Mahan and his family, who

59、 lived there for generations, have moved to a different plot of land in northern Fayette County.As land is sold, houses go up where there once were fields.But during the summer, the barn is filled with city kids who have come to enjoy the farm. Theyre members of the Fayette County Livestock(FCL) Clu

60、b, which showcases skills as varied as cutting wool. The barn is where they look after the animals. “A lot of Lexington kids dont know anything about farm life，” said Adria Meier, 17, who has looked after goats and sheep for three years. “There is so much to learn.”The dozen or so children who take

61、care of their goats and sheep at the little red barn must do a sixhour class before they get an animal. They pay for their own animals but get special club programs, such as one that provides vet(兽医) care.Mahan lets the group use the barn for free, and the kids spend up to three hours a day there du

62、ring the summer.But as his land gets sold, he doesnt know whether the club can continue. What makes the FCL Club special is that most of the kids cant just walk out their doors and take care of their animals. Most are driven to the barn by their mothers, who usually hang around and chat as their kid

63、s feed and exercise the animals.There are valuable lessons learned along the way. For instance, dont cut wool off your goat when there is wind, and sheep are social animals and will cry loudly when separated. “Tending to animals helps teach us responsibility. Unlike learning to shoot an arrow, carin

64、g for an animal isnt something you can simply abandon，” said Carly Playforth, 16, of Lexington.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文， 主要讲述了一群城里的孩子来到乡间农场体验不同的生活，照顾农场动物的故事。4What is the requirement for kids before they get animals?AAttend a class.BPay certain money.CHave varied skills.DGet special club programs.A解析：细节理解题。根据第

65、三段中的“must do a sixhour class before they get an animal”可知，得到动物之前，孩子们必须上一节六小时的课程，这个课程可能是培训孩子们如何照顾动物的。5What do we know about the club?AIt offers services unconditionally.BIt pays for their use of the barn.CIt lets Mothers care for animals.DIt allows Mothers to push kids.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most are driv

66、en to the barn by their mothers”可推知，该俱乐部让孩子的妈妈督促孩子参与农场活动，故选D项。6How does Carly Playforth feel about the experience?ASuspicious.BMoved.CAppreciative.DOpposed.C解析：观点态度题。最后一段首句是段落主旨句，作者引用Carly Playforth的话是为了进一步说明因照顾动物而教会孩子们的珍贵东西，比如责任。由此可知， Carly Playforth对这种经历是赞赏的(appreciative)。7What is the passage main

67、ly about? AKids life on a sold farm.BValuable lessons learned on the farm.CA special club intended for Lexington kids.DA club activity of caring for farm animals.D解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文重点介绍的是FCL俱乐部借助一个农场举办的活动让孩子们亲自照顾动物，在这一过程中，孩子们获益匪浅。故D项概括最为全面。.七选五(2020陕西部分学校摸底检测) Learning to set goals plays an import

68、ant role as your child starts to gain independence. However, setting goals doesnt come naturally to your child, so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.Explain the word “goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer, but he may not understand what

69、 it means in everyday life. 1._Listen to your child. Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. 2._ Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve. If hes stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goals.Hel

70、p keep goals achievable. Dont throw cold water on your child. 3._ For example, if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but cant swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.4_ Help your child write down his goals in an easytofollow form. Being able

71、 to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated. A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯级). 5._AChange goals every so often.BMake a visual goal reminder.C

72、Dont always tell him what you think.DHes climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.EYou can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.FOnce he has set up a goal, he may find it very difficult to achieve it.GWhen a goal is beyond his reach, help him break it down into smaller pieces

73、.【解题导语】学会制定目标在孩子获得独立上起着重要的作用，本文给出了一些帮助孩子设定目标的建议。1E解析：根据本段标题和空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，在孩子不知道目标在日常生活中意味着什么时，可以通过运动的例子来解释什么是目标。故选E。2C解析：根据本段标题和空前一句“Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.”可知，要倾听孩子，让孩子决定他自己的目标是什么。故C项“不要总是

74、告诉他你的想法”符合语境。3G解析：根据下文的例子“if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but cant swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal”可知，当孩子的目标实现不了的时候，可以帮助他把目标分解成一些更小的目标来完成。故选G。4B解析：根据空处所在位置及文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题，再结合本段的内容可知，本段主要讲建立一个能够看得到的目标提醒物。故B项符合语境。5D解析：根据空前一句“A r

75、eally simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯级)”可知，当孩子爬到了顶点，也就接近了目标，故选D。.语法填空(2020重庆七校联考)Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1._(sun) weekends an

76、d see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头) 2._ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3._(tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4.

77、_ it should staythe trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5._ pretend that its not there.The dogs or the fish are not blame 6._ it. Its our fault and we must blame 7._ (we)Everyone has to do his or her part 8._(solve) this problem. It cant be difficult to

78、do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9._ (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10._(damage) beyond repair.【解题导语】本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。1sunny解析：考

79、查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。2buried解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3tourists解析：考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。4where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。5but解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but

80、。6for解析：考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。7ourselves解析：考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。8to solve解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表目的。9importantly解析：考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly，修饰整个句子。10are damaged解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。