（新教材）2022版英语人教版一轮复习作业课件：课时作业 选择性必修　第一册　UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE .ppt

1、十八 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 2Looking into the Future(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021潍坊模拟)As doctors performed surgery on Dagmar Turners brain,the sound of a violin filled the operating room.The music came from the patient on the operating table.In a video from the surgery,the violinist was moving her bow(琴弓)up and down as

2、 surgeons worked to remove her brain tumor(肿瘤).The Kings College Hospital surgeons woke her up in the middle of the operation in order to ensure they did not damage parts of the brain necessary for playing the violin and keep her hands functions intact.Turner,53,learned that she had a slow-growing t

3、umor.Later doctors found that it had become more aggressive and the violinist decided to have surgery to remove it.“We knew how important the violin is to Turner,so it was vital that we preserved function in the delicate areas of her brain that allowed her to play,”Keyoumars Ashkan,a doctor at Kings

4、 College Hospital,said in a press release.Before Turners operation,Ashkan and his colleagues spent two hours carefully mapping her brain to identify areas that were active when she played the violin and those controlling language and movement.Waking her up during surgery then allowed doctors to moni

5、tor whether those parts were suffering damage.Brad Mahon,an expert at Carnegie Mellon University,said the basic features of an“awake craniotomy”the type of brain surgery where patients are awake in order to avoid damage to critical brain areashave remained largely unchanged for decades.But he said t

6、hat doctors are now able to map the patients brain activity in great detail before the surgery,using an imaging technique called functional MRI.That means surgeons are coming into the operating room with far more information about a specific patients brain.That kind of information helps doctors tail

7、or tests to a patients particular needs.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了医生在给Dagmar Turner的大脑动手术过程中,唤醒她的大脑,让她在接受手术的过程中,能够同时演奏小提琴的奇妙场景。1.What does the underlined word“intact”mean in the first paragraph?A.Strong.B.Sound.C.Talented.D.Influential.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据该句The Kings College Hospital surgeons woke her up in the

8、middle of the operation in order to ensure they did not damage parts of the brain necessary for playing the violin and keep her hands functions intact.所提供的语境“国王学院医院的外科医生在手术过程中叫醒了她,以确保他们不会损害拉小提琴所必需的大脑部分,同时保证她的手的功能完好。”可知,这里的intact 与sound意思相符,相当于 in good condition,意思是“健康的,健全的”。2.Why did Ashkan and his

9、colleagues map Turners brain before operation?A.To keep her brain more active when she played the violin.B.To monitor whether her brain had suffered damage severely.C.To recognize the areas related to music and movement precisely.D.To remove the tumor while keeping all function of her brain.【解析】选C。细

10、节理解题。根据第三段Before Turners operation,Ashkan and his colleagues spent two hours carefully mapping her brain to identify areas that were active when she played the violin and those controlling language and movement可知,在特纳手术之前,Ashkan和他的同事花了两个小时仔细绘制她的大脑图,以识别她拉小提琴时活跃的区域以及控制语言和运动的区域。3.What can we know accord

11、ing to Brad Mahon?A.Doctors are using an imaging technique to monitor the surgery.B.Patients are asleep to protect critical brain areas in a surgery.C.A patients language ability couldnt be preserved before.D.Surgeons can personalize a patients operation by mapping his brain.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段But he

12、 said that doctors are.particular needs.可以推出“外科医生可以通过(核磁共振)成像个性化病人的手术”。故选D。4.What is the best title for the passage?A.Musician joined in her own brain surgeryB.Mapping a brain is realized after surgeryC.The violinist suffers from a brain tumorD.Doctors perform surgery on a brain【解析】选A。主旨大义题。本文主要讲述了医

13、生在给Dagmar Turner的大脑动手术过程中,唤醒她的大脑,让她在接受手术的过程中,能够同时演奏小提琴的奇妙场景。也就是让她参与了自己的手术。故选A。【知识拓展】长难句分析We knew how important the violin is to Turner,so it was vital that we preserved function in the delicate areas of her brain that allowed her to play.分析:该句是一个复合句。前后两个句子是因果关系。how引导宾语从句,第一个that引导主语从句,第二个that引导定语从句,

14、修饰brain。翻译:我们知道小提琴对特纳来说是多么重要,所以我们保护她大脑中允许她演奏的灵敏区域的功能是很重要的。B(2021三明模拟)Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell.Recent studies have found,among other things,that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads.The review explains that smell is u

15、nique in its effects on the brain.According to Conrad King,“the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings.This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieter.”Smell,which dictates(决定)the unbelievable comple

16、xity of food tastes,has always been the least understood of our senses.Our noses are able to detect up to 10,000 distinct smells.Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes,which make up an amazing 3%of the human genome.Researchers

17、Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense.These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1,000 olfactory(嗅觉的)genes and to explain how our olfactory system works.According to one

18、study in the research review,smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users.They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads.The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers

19、feel hungry,and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetites.In contrast,the smells of peppermint and cinnamon(肉桂)were shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers impatience.Similarly,the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.However,the

20、 way genes regulate smell differs from person to person.The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,主要论述了气味和它的影响。5.What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck find out?A.The type of food

21、 smells.B.The logical part of human brain.C.The nature of human olfactory system.D.The relationship between food and feelings.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据题干中所提到的两位科学家“Richard Axel and Linda Buck”,迅速定位文章的第三段关键句Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-bre

22、aking research on the nature of this extraordinary sense.可以得出答案。6.Which of the following can help people concentrate?A.Bread.B.Fast food.C.Pizza.D.Coffee.【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章中提到bread,fast food和pizza的气味都不利于人们控制情绪集中精力,但由文章中倒数第二段最后一句话“Similarly,the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinki

23、ng and mental focus.”可知柠檬和咖啡味显然有利于促进人们思维清晰,精力集中。故选D。7.What do we know from the last paragraph?A.Some people can recognize up to 50 smells.B.Every person has a different pattern of genes.C.Different people are sensitive to different smells.D.There are still some olfactory genes to be found out.【解析】选C

24、。段落大意题。文章的最后一段主要说了“不同的人对于不同的气味敏感”,故选C。8.What is the text mainly about?A.Logic and behavior.B.Smell and its influence.C.Sense ability and food tastes.D.Olfactory genes and its system.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要探讨了气味和它的影响。故选B。【知识拓展】长难句分析Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is cont

25、rolled by something like 1,000 genes,which make up an amazing 3%of the human genome.分析:to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells是动词不定式作后置定语,修饰ability;which引导定语从句,修饰前面的genes。翻译:我们能够通过嗅觉辨别这么多气味的能力是受大约1 000个基因控制的,这些基因占了人体基因组的3%。.完形填空Have you ever been caught in difficulties?Remember that

26、self-confidence is1than a knife.You can use it to fight a challenge.Read the short story below to2the power of self-confidence.A man was trying to find his way3a dark cave with a light of hope from a lantern(灯笼).Finally,he could see some sunlight in the cave,which made him4.But as he drew closer,he

27、was 5to see a big rock standing before him.He pushed the rock,but it stood there firmly without6even a little.He tried again,but it prevented him from 7the place.The man felt as if being swallowed by a whale that was waiting to enjoy his supper.He sat8the big rock in the mouth of the dark cave looki

28、ng back on his adventure.He had overcome many difficulties and 9he would overcome this one,too.So he said to himself with confidence,“I will10here.”He encouraged himself and it added to his power and gave him more11in pushing the huge rock.The rock moved a little,which encouraged him to work 12.Than

29、ks to all his efforts,slowly the rock made way for him.He walked along the bright and evergreen path before him-with 13.We all may meet difficulties in our life.Some people dont believe they can overcome them and choose to14,but some choose to face them with confidence.Those who give up will 15succe

30、ed.Only those who face difficulties with confidence will find their ways and succeed in life in the end.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。生活并不总是一帆风顺。遇到困难时我们有两种选择,一种是被困难打倒,选择放弃;一种是相信自己,迎难而上。本文通过一个故事告诉我们,相信自己,勇敢迎战,只有这样才能克服困难。1.A.nearerB.fasterC.largerD.sharper【解析】选D。本文是要告诉我们自信的力量是强大的,这里是把自信和刀子比较,认为自信比刀子还要“锋利”。2.A.consid

31、erB.regainC.understandD.ask【解析】选C。作者用下文的故事来帮我们“明白”自信的力量。3.A.onB.throughC.belowD.before【解析】选B。由下文可知,这个人要“穿过”一个黑暗的洞穴。4.A.smileB.thinkC.moveD.cry【解析】选A。这个人要走出黑暗的洞穴,所以当看到阳光时他“笑”了。5.A.pleasedB.surprisedC.sadD.excited【解析】选C。本来看到阳光了,走近却发现有块大石头挡在面前,所以他很“难过”。6.A.breakingB.refusingC.disappearingD.moving【解析】选D

32、。由关键词pushed和but可知,他推石头,但石头没有“移动”。后文的moved a little是提示。7.A.leavingB.enjoyingC.destroyingD.checking【解析】选A。石头不动,这就阻碍了他“离开”这个地方。8.A.in the heart ofB.at the foot ofC.in the middle ofD.on the right of【解析】选B。石头很大,他坐在石头脚下。9.A.doubtedB.explainedC.worriedD.believed【解析】选D。由下一段的内容可知,此处指他“相信”自己这次也能克服困难。10.A.show

33、 upB.look aroundC.get out ofD.make use of【解析】选C。根据上文可知,这个人的目的是从黑暗的洞穴里出去。由此可知,此处指他可以从这里出去。11.A.timeB.energyC.spaceD.advice【解析】选B。由it added to his power可知,此处指给了他更多“力量”。12.A.harderB.longerC.widerD.deeper【解析】选A。石头稍微移动了一点,这让他“更努力”了。13.A.courageB.fearC.experienceD.pride【解析】选D。他又克服了一个困难,这让他很自豪。14.A.look up

34、B.give upC.catch upD.cheer up【解析】选B。由空前的“Some people dont believe they can overcome them”可知,他们“放弃”了。15.A.usuallyB.alwaysC.sometimesD.never【解析】选D。放弃的人当然“永远不会”成功。【知识拓展】长难句分析The man felt as if being swallowed by a whale that was waiting to enjoy his supper.分析:as if引导方式状语,意思是“好像”;that引导定语从句,修饰whale。翻译:这

35、个人感觉到好像正在被一条等候享用晚餐的鲸鱼吞噬。.读后续写阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。When a tornado touched down in a small town nearby,many families were left completely destroyed.Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human-interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the hardest.One Sunday

36、,a particular picture especially touched me.A young woman stood in front of an entirely shattered mobile home,a depressed expression twisting her features.A young boy,seven or eight years old,definitely in low spirits,stood at her side,eyes downcast.Clutching(紧握)at her skirt was a tiny girl who star

37、ed into the camera,eyes wide with confusion and fear.The article that went with the picture gave the clothing sizes of each family member.With growing interest,I noticed that their sizes closely matched ours.This would be a good opportunity to teach my children to help those less fortunate than them

38、selves.I taped the picture of the young family to our refrigerator,explaining their difficulty to my seven-year-old twins,Brad and Brett,and to three-year-old Meghan.“We have so much.And these poor people now have nothing,”I said.“Well share what we have with them,thus they will smile again.”I broug

39、ht three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor.Meghan watched seriously,as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods.While I sorted through our clothes,I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less fav

40、orite things.Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up discarded toys and games.“Ill help you find something for the little girl when Im done with this,”I said.The boys placed the toys they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes.Meghan walked up with L

41、ucy,her worn,faded,much-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest.She paused in front of the box that held the toys,pressed her round little face into Lucys flat,painted-on-face,gave her a final kiss,then laid her gently on the top of other toys.“Oh,honey,”I said.“You dont have to give Lucy.You lov

42、e her so much.”Meghan nodded seriously,eyes glistening with held-back tears.“Lucy makes me happy,Mommy.Maybe shell make that other little girl happy,too.”注意:续写词数应为150左右。The boys,open-mouthed,had watched their baby sister place her favorite doll in the box._Taking the cue from my little ones,I remove

43、d my old jacket from the box of clothes._【参考范文】The boys,open-mouthed,had watched their baby sister place her favorite doll in the box.Without a word,Brad rose and went to his room and then came back carrying one of his favorite action figures.He hesitated briefly,clutching the toy,then looked over a

44、t Meghan and placed it in the box next to Lucy.A slow smile spread across Bretts face.Then he jumped up,eyes twinkling as he ran to his room and fetched some of his prized Matchbox cars.Taking the cue from my little ones,I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes.I replaced it with the new hunt

45、er green jacket that I had found on sale last week.I hoped the young woman in the picture would love it as much as I did.Its easy to give and donate something that we dont want any more,but harder to let go of things we cherish,isnt it?However,the true spirit of giving is to give with your heart.语法填

46、空Chinas first artificial intelligence(AI)textbook for high school students 1._(bring)out last week,following a plan by central government 2._(include)AI courses in primary and secondary school.The nine-chapter textbook,3._(name)Fundamentals of ArtificialIntelligence,was written by outstanding 4._(sc

47、holar)from well-known schools nationwide,under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI startup Sense Time.It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition,auto driving and public security.“The tex

48、tbook focuses not only on basics of AI,but on 5._(practice)use of AI in daily life,”said Chen Yukun,a professor at East China Normal University,6._ is also a contributor to the book.Up till now,about 40 high schools across the country 7._(undertake)the task of being the first group of AI high educat

49、ion pilot program 8._ introducing the textbook in the curriculum.“The AI sector is facing a talent shortage 9._(global).The publication of the book is 10._ breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ivory tower and makes it part of high school learning,”said Lin Dahua,a professor at the Chine

50、se University of Hong Kong.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国内发行的高中生适用的首本人工智能教科书。1.【解析】was brought。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语last week可知,此处要用一般过去时;主语textbook是单数,与bring out是被动关系,故用被动语态,且谓语用单数形式。2.【解析】to include。考查非谓语动词。这里是不定式作后置定语,用来说明被修饰词plan的内容。3.【解析】named。考查非谓语动词。name与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。4.【解 析】scholars。考 查 名 词

51、 单 复 数。定 语“from well-known schools nationwide”说明编写者是来自国内著名学校的不止一位学者,故用scholar的复数形式。5.【解析】practical。考查形容词。空处修饰名词use,应用形容词形式,故填practical。6.【解析】who。考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,且先行词指人,空处在从句中作主语,故只能用who。7.【解析】have undertaken。考查时态和主谓一致。时间状语Up till now表示“直到现在”,常与现在完成时连用。且句子主语是复数形式,故填have undertaken。8.【解析】by。考查介词。此处介词by后接动词-ing短语表示方式,作状语。9.【解析】globally。考查副词。此处修饰整个句子,需用副词作状语。globally意为“全世界地”。10.【解析】a。考查冠词。本句表示“出版首本AI教材是一个突破”,breakthrough是可数名词,根据语境可知,此处表示泛指,故其前应用不定冠词a。