山东省青岛市2013高考英语 阅读理解考前训练（2）.doc

1、2013青岛市高考英语（阅读理解）考前训练（2）及答案解析 (第*篇)A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart di

2、sease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.Men who were vegetarians had an IQ

3、 score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.Researchers said the fi

4、ndings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However,

5、 these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential ben

6、efits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“It_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. Do people become v

7、egetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”语篇解读研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。1What s the result of the research mentioned in the text?A. Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.B. Children with a highe

8、r IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.C. Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.D. Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on avera

9、ge at the age of 10”可知A项正确。根据“it could explain why.”可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但B项并非这次研究的结果。故本题选A。答案A2It was found in the research that_.A. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried outB. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict v

10、egetariansC. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetariansD. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetari

11、ans but reported eating fish or chicken”可知答案。答案B3Catharine Gale talked about “being vegetarians” in a(n)_way.A. doubtful B. favorableC. negative D. objective解析推理判断题。根据第六段可知Catharine Gale只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。故选D项。答案D4What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. Intelligence is li

12、nked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.B. The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.C. The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.D. The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.解析推理判断题。文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足

13、够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见Dr Frankie Phillips认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样。故C项正确。答案C5What s the best title for the text?A. Get more IQ points!B. Be a vegetarian, please!C. Vegetarian diet cuts heart riskD. A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian解析标题概括题。本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故D项正确。作者并未提出建议，所以A、

14、B两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故C项错误。答案D长难句解读(1) A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10.本句是含有定语从句的复合句。who were vegetarians by 30是定语从句，修饰先行词people。(2)There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict

15、vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those是主句，who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken是定语从句，修饰先行词those。*结束2This was no ordinary class. The students wh

16、o came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry”. This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for m

17、any nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thingthe importance of spoken wor

18、ds. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didnt write anything on the board.The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students

19、need to find layers (层次)of meaning . Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesnt happen much in undergraduate(本科)science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always impo

20、rtant in humanities(人文科学).Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes m

21、ight help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”But perhaps the most important result of the experience was t

22、his: All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.49. What do we know about this unusual class?A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board.B. The teacher were invited to attend several lectures.C. The students were professors from a university.D. The s

23、tudents were studying science and humanities.50. The experiment was designed to find out . A. how to teach the students in the science class B. whether poetry is difficult for science studentsC. what to be taught in the humanities class D. why many humanities students find science hard51. Finding le

24、vels of meaning is . A. important for graduate students in humanities B. difficult for graduate students in humanitiesC. common for undergraduate students in science D. easy for undergraduate students in science52. What did the science professors learn after the experiment? A. They should change the

25、 way they teach. B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.C. A poetry class could be more informative. D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.2. 答案 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.A*结束 (第*篇)The hole in the Earths ozone layer (臭氧层) has until now protected Antarctica from the worst effects of global

26、 warming. But scientists have warned that as the hole closes up in the next few decades, temperatures on the continent could rise by around 3 on average, with melting ice contributing to a global sea level increase of up to 1.4 metres.In the past decades the western Antarctic has seen rapid ice loss

27、 as the world has warmed, but the other parts of the continent have, paradoxically, been cooling, resulting in a 10% increase in ice in the seas around the region. This is because the hole in the ozone layer has increased cold winds in Antarctica, making much of the continent surface colder than usu

28、al.But now that the gasses that cause the ozone hole have been banned, scientists expect the hole to repair itself within the next 50 to 60 years. By then the cooling effect will have faded out and the Antarctic will face the full impact of global warming. This means an increase in average air tempe

29、ratures of around 3 and a reduction in sea ice by around a third.The biggest threat to the continent comes from warming seas. Robert Johnson, a scientist who monitors Antarctica ice sheets, said, “The ice sheets in Antarctica are hundreds of metres thick. But once warm ocean waters start flowing und

30、erneath, the ice will begin thinning and could break up very quickly.” Thinning ice sheets cause ice to break away from the continent and to melt even faster. Escaping ice from western Antarctica has already resulted in a 10% rise in global sea level in recent decades.Johnson believes that internati

31、onal action to reduce global warming is required immediately or it may be too late. “Everything is connected Antarctica may be a long way away but it is an important part of the Earths system，” said Johnson. “It contains 90% of the worlds ice, 70% of the worlds fresh water and that is enough, if it

32、melts completely, to raise sea levels by 63 metres.”Even in a worse-case situation scientists dont expect the ice to entirely disappear, but predict that, because of the melting ice sheets, average sea level rise will be around 1.4 metres higher by the end of the century.1. The underlined word “para

33、doxically” (in Paragraph 2) most probably means“_.”A. rapidly B. approximatelyC. contradictorily D. apparently答案C2. What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica?A. It is causing the ice to melt faster.B. It is making much of the continent colder.C. It is making the effects of glob

34、al warming in the region worse.D. It is reducing the amount of water in Antarctica.答案B3. What do scientists think is the biggest danger facing Antarctica?A. Rising sea levels.B. Warming sea water temperature.C. Water pollution.D. Growing ice sheets.答案B4. Which of the following is true according to t

35、he passage?A. Antarctica is currently experiencing the full effects of global warming.B. The average temperature has increased by 3 in recent decades.C. Antarctica contains most of the worlds fresh water.D. Ten percent of Antarcticas ice has already been lost.答案C5. The best title for the passage is_.A. Our planet in dangerB. Antarctica melting awayC. Action plan to save AntarcticaD. Lets save the ozone layer答案B*结束