2021届新高考英语二轮专题闯关导练：50分阅读理解提分练（七） WORD版含解析.doc

1、50分阅读理解提分练(七)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2020普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)Why go to Madrid?There may be a slight chill (寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15 in March, but Spains handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive a

2、re the cultural events.A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spains greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundacin Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.Later this summer, the anniversary of the

3、death of the Renaissance (文艺复兴) painter El Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October.How to go?The widest range of flights is offered by EasyJetfrom Bristol, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its si

4、ster airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted; Air Europa flies from Gatwick.Barajas Airport is 12 km northeast of the city centre and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex wi

5、th at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is 4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock; 5 one way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate

6、of 30 covers most of central Madrid.1When will the exhibition about Picasso close?AOn 23 March. BOn 11 May.COn 24 June. DOn 5 October.2Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid?AEasyJet. BRyanair.CAir Europa. DBritish Airways.3What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from Baraj

7、as Airport?ATake a taxi.BTake a city bus.CTake Metro line 8.DTake the airport express bus.B2020广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)Adriana put down the knife, stepped back and looked at her finished painting. She was usually her own worst critic, but today Adriana was pleased with what she saw. Sunset was her best wor

8、k yet! Not that her classmates would agree. Their reaction to her abstract art was always “Whats that supposed to be？” or “Artists use brushes to paint, not knives, string and cloth”. Still, she didnt care. Adriana painted to please herself, not others.When she showed the work to Mr. Marcus, her hig

9、h school art teacher, the next day, he shook his head and said sternly, “Please, Adriana, Ive had enough of this.” Anyone hearing this comment and its tone would naturally think Mr. Marcus was criticizing her work, but it was his frustration speaking. He loved Adrianas paintings and had repeatedly b

10、egged her to show them publicly. She always refused.As her high school graduation approached, however, Adriana began worrying about university. Her parents would cover her study fees, but Adriana planned to pay for her university books, art supplies and accommodation herself. So, this time, when Mr.

11、 Marcus made the suggestion, Adriana agreed. A disbelieving grin appeared on Mr. Marcuss face. The following day, after checking the newspapers and visiting several local real estate offices, Adriana and Mr. Marcus wandered around the town looking for a suitable location. Finally, though, they could

12、 not find anything within their price range.At the days end, the pair entered a small coffee shop to rest. Mr. Marcus could see the disappointment on Adrianas face and, as a woman came to take their order, said, “Dont worry. Well find somewhere to show your art.” On hearing this, the woman said, “Di

13、d you say art? You know we show local artists works right here in the cafe，” pointing to the paintings hanging on the walls. “Bring a few of your pieces around tomorrow for me to look at. Im Susan by the way, the owner.” After thanking Susan for her offer, Adriana and Mr. Marcus left the cafe in ama

14、zement.The next morning Adriana brought along Sunset and Mr. Marcus the two paintings of Adrianas hed purchased earlier that year. Susan studied the paintings in silence, concentrating hard on each one. After what felt like a lifetime, she turned to Adriana and said, “Id be honoured to hang these in

15、 my cafe.”4What can we learn about Adriana from the first paragraph?AShe was very independent in her thinking.BShe was not very popular with her classmates.CShe was easily affected by other peoples opinions.DShe was very confident in her own artistic abilities.5What was Mr. Marcuss opinion of Adrian

16、as paintings?AStrongly critical. BVery positive.CSomewhat frustrating. DA little confusing.6Why did Adriana finally agree to show her artworks?AHer high school graduation was getting nearer.BShe felt guilty about troubling Mr. Marcus.CHer parents were in desperate need of money.DShe wanted to help s

17、upport herself during university.7Adriana finally found a place to show her artworks mainly because of _.Afriendly encouragement Bstrong determinationCcareful planning Dgood luckC2020福州市高中毕业班质量检测Brain disease research could be sped up using a smartphonecontrolled “plugandplay” neural implant (神经植入物)

18、 invented by scientists from the USA and South Korea.The researchers, who come primarily from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and the University of Washington, designed the soft device to deliver drugs or coloured lights directly to target neurons (神经元), with the goal

19、of accelerating discovery about addiction, depression and pain. The LEDs involved are smaller than a grain of salt, and the drugs are delivered by tiny channels with the thickness of a human hair.For researchers, the main advantage of the new wireless implant is ease of use. The inventors describe i

20、ts replaceable drug tube as “Legolike” and “plugandplay”， while the setup happens over an “elegant, simple” smartphone interface (界面)For the subjectsmice, in current testingthe small, soft device wont impede movement and is safer to use over time.Current devices used in this field are rigid, so they

21、 cause damage in soft brain tissue over time. With the new device, scientists can now monitor one area of the brain over much longer periods, and with the test subjects moving freely.“It allows us to better analyze the neural basis of behaviour in various ways，” said Michael Bruchas, a professor at

22、the University of Washington who heads the Bruchas Lab. “We are also eager to use the device to help us develop new treatments for pain, addiction and emotional disorders.”The researchers, who published their findings in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering, created the implant for laboratory u

23、se with animals but would like to develop the technology for clinical applications in the future, meaning one day a similar device could be tested on humans.Their invention comes after three years of cooperation between the Jeong Research Group at KAIST in Daejeon and the Bruchas Lab in Seattle. The

24、 former specializes in soft electronics for wearable and implantable devices, while the latter is a research laboratory focusing on stress, depression, addiction，pain and other diseases.8How does the device work?AIt locates a certain position in neurons.BIt directly cures the damaged neurons.CIt del

25、ivers drugs through a human hair.DIt directly controls coloured lights.9Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “impede” in Paragraph 4?ADestroy. BIncrease.CImprove. DPrevent.10What can we learn about the device?AIt helps to observe the whole brain work.BIt has been tested on humans to de

26、al with pain.CIt helps to find new ways to treat some diseases.DIt has been invented by the Bruchas Lab.11What is the best title for the text?AA Brain Neural Implant Controlled by a SmartphoneBA New Smartphone That Controls the BrainCThe Development in Exploring the BrainDA New Cure for the Brain Di

27、seaseD2020郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测“When I was 16 years old, I was diving in Greece, but I was disappointed because I saw more plastic bags than fish.” These are the words of Boyan Slat, an engineer who designed the worlds first ocean plastic cleanup system.Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastics en

28、d up in our oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme. It is predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050. To prevent this from happening, in 2013 Slat created The Ocean Cleanup, an environmental nongovernmental organization, and put

29、 his plan for an ocean cleanup device into action.After years of research and development in the Netherlands, a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastics on October 2,2019. The device uses a 600meterlong Cshaped tube to gather all the floating rubbish. Unlike other cleanup m

30、ethods, the system floats freely according to the direction of the waves, which allows waste to flow into and stay within the device. A sea anchor is attached to either end. This slows down the system as it floats through the water and allows the fastermoving rubbish, carried by the waves, to flow i

31、nto its mouth. System 001/B can also collect waste below the surface using a 3meterdeep skirt (挡板) attached to the end. After being gathered, the trash will be dragged back to the shore by boat and recycled.Right now, the system operates in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, an area that is three time

32、s the size of France. Once operational, The Ocean Cleanup expects a full fleet to be able to clear 50% of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in 5 years.“It remains to be seen whether this dream will become a reality, but it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and re

33、pair the damage our waste has caused，” Slat said. “We are starting to see a young generation that gets it and is excited about a sustainable (可持续的) future, but the question still comes down to: Are we going fast enough, and how much damage will have been done before we get there？”12The underlined wo

34、rd “match” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”Acompare BequalCmeasure Dcover13Why did Boyan Slat create The Ocean Cleanup?ATo collect ocean plastic waste.BTo help to invent System 001/B.CTo protect the living environment of fish.DTo do research on the ocean environment.14What can we know about System

35、001/B?AIt can collect and recycle garbage at the same time.BIt can only gather ocean waste which floats on the water.CIt aims to clear up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years.DIt is an oceancleaning device which has already been put to use.15What does Slat want to tell us according to the l

36、ast paragraph?AYoung generations care less about the environment.BThe future ecology of the ocean is deeply worrying.CPeople should work hard to decrease plastic pollution.DIts quite difficult to repair the damage to the environment.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2

37、020绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试How to ExerciseExercise is a key part of staying healthy, but figuring out how to get more active can be tough. _16_. Always listen to your bodys limits, and ask your doctor for advice in case of any medical issues. Importantly, create an exercise routine._17_. When you warm up, targ

38、et the muscles you plan on exercising, but use less intense movements. For instance, walk for 5 to 10 minutes before jogging or doing a lower body workout.Try to get 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per day. As a rule of thumb, you should get at least 30 minutes of moderately intense aerobic exercise

39、daily. Examples include going for brisk walks and a jog, running, cycling and swimming.Include strength training at least 2 days per week. Strength training involves using free weights, resistance bands, or your own body weight to strengthen your muscles. For starters, try doing upper and lower body

40、 workouts 1 day a week. _18_.Mix up your routine to keep things interesting. _19_. That can motivate you to stay on track. Additionally, switching your workouts will exercise your entire body and help prevent injury.Walk for 5 to 10 minutes and stretch to cool down. _20_. Cool down by walking for 5

41、to 10 minutes and stretching the muscles your workout targets.AAdjust your routine to your levelBWarm up for 5 to 10 minutes before working outCIf youre not used to physical activity, start slowDVarying your activities can help keep you from getting boredEGradually include 3 to 4 strength training d

42、ays in the weekly routineFYou can do strength training at home or use resistance machines at a local gymGYou need gentler exercises to ease your body from working hard to being at rest50分阅读理解提分练(七)阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会旅游去马德里旅游文章大意介绍了去马德里旅游的相关内容。1答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据Why go to Madrid？部分中的“A new exhibi

43、tion on the living and working spaces of Spains greatest artist, Picasso” “It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.”可知，有关毕加索生活和工作的地方的展览会持续到5月11日，故选B。2答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据How to go？部分中的“Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted”可知，Ryanair航空公司经营从曼彻斯特到马德里的航线。故选B。3答案与解析：A考查细节理

44、解。根据最后一段中的“Metro line 8.takes about 30 minutes.”“The airport express bus.takes 40 minutes”“A taxi takes half the time.”可知，乘坐Metro line 8需要大约30分钟，乘坐机场特快公共汽车需要40分钟，乘坐出租车需要20分钟。由此可知，乘坐出租车是最快的。故选A。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我人物故事高中生Adriana的画展文章大意高中生Adriana酷爱绘画，她的得意之作是日落，尽管她的同班同学不认同她的抽象艺术作品，但她的美术老师Mr.Marcus喜欢她的作品，

45、并一再请求她公开地展出她的绘画作品，但她总是拒绝。不过随着高中毕业的来临，Adriana计划自己支付上大学所需的一部分费用，于是接受了Mr.Marcus要她开画展的建议。然后他们开始寻找合适的地方来展出她的作品，经过一番努力又加上机缘巧合，她的作品终于能在一家咖啡馆里展出。4答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段，尤其是最后两句“Still, she didnt care. Adriana painted to please herself, not others.”可知，尽管她的同班同学不认同她的抽象艺术作品，Adriana并不在意，她画画是为了取悦自己，不是为了取悦别人。据此可推知，Adr

46、iana是一个很有主见的人，故A项正确。根据第一段第二句中的“She was usually her own worst critic”可知，Adriana通常是自己最苛刻的批评者，故D项错误。5答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“He loved Adrianas paintings and had repeatedly begged her to show them publicly.”可知，Marcus先生喜欢Adriana的画，曾一再请求她公开地展出她的绘画作品。故B项正确。6答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段，尤其是第二句“Her parents would cov

47、er her study fees, but Adriana planned to pay for her university books, art supplies and accommodation herself.”可知，尽管Adriana的父母能支付她的学费，但她计划自己支付大学书本费、美术用品费和住宿费。据此可知，她最终同意展出自己的作品是因为她想自己挣钱以支付一部分大学费用，故D项正确。7答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第五段的内容，尤其是第三句“On hearing this, the woman said, Did you say art? You know we show

48、local artists works right here in the cafe”可知，咖啡店的老板Susan听到了Mr. Marcus说的话，然后告诉他们自己的咖啡店里就展出当地艺术家的作品。据此可以推知，Adriana最终找到了一个能展出她的绘画作品的地方主要是因为运气好，故D项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学技术大脑神经植入管文章大意科学家研制出了一种由智能手机控制的即插即用的大脑神经植入管，它能加速大脑疾病方面的研究。8答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“designed the soft device to deliver drugs or colou

49、red lights directly to target neurons (神经元), with the goal of accelerating discovery about addiction, depression and pain”可知，该装置可以将药物或彩色灯直接传输到目标神经元。由此可知，该装置在神经元中能准确找出某一个位置，故选A。9答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据第四段“For the subjects.the small, soft device wont impede movement and is safer to use over time.”以及第五段第二句中的“

50、and with the test subjects moving freely”可知，“wont impede movement”与“moving freely”所表达的意义相近，表示“不会阻碍运动”，由此可知，画线词的含义与D项含义相近。10答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第六段最后一句“We are also eager to use the device to help us develop new treatments for pain, addiction and emotional disorders.”可知，该装置能帮助人类研发新的治疗方法，以治疗疼痛、上瘾以及情绪障碍，故选C

51、。11答案与解析：A考查标题判断。根据第一段的内容可知，科学家发明了一种由智能手机控制的即插即用的神经植入管，它可以加速大脑疾病方面的研究，下文详细介绍了这项发明的相关情况。由此可知，A项最适合作文章的标题，故选A。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科技与海洋保护海洋塑料垃圾清理系统文章大意本文主要介绍了设计师Boyan Slat设计的世界上第一款海洋塑料垃圾清理系统System 001/B的相关情况。12答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastics end up in our oceans.It

52、 is predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050.”并结合语境可推知，海洋中的塑料垃圾一直在增多，预计到2050年海洋中塑料垃圾的重量会和海洋中鱼类的总重量相等，故B项正确。A项意为“对比”，C项意为“测量”，D项意为“覆盖”，均与语境不符。13答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“To prevent this from happening, in 2013 Slat created The Ocean Cleanup,

53、an environmental nongovernmental organization, and put his plan for an ocean cleanup device into action.”可知，Boyan Slat创建The Ocean Cleanup是为了收集海洋中的塑料垃圾，故选A。14答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“put his plan for an ocean cleanup device into action”和第三段中的“a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering p

54、lastics on October 2,2019”可知，System 001/B是一款海洋清理设备且已投入使用，故选D。15答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“it is undeniable that.our waste has caused”和“Are we going fast enough.before we get there？”可推知，在最后一段Slat呼吁人们努力减少海洋塑料污染，所以C项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我健康生活如何锻炼文章大意本文主要介绍了锻炼的步骤和方法，包括锻炼前热身、加入力量训练等。16答案与解析：C本空是一个过渡句。根据上文中的

55、“figuring out how to get more active can be tough”和下一句表述的初学者注意的事项可知，C项符合语境。17答案与解析：B本空是中心句。通读本段内容可知，本段主要讲了运动前要热身。另外，结合其他几段的中心句可以判断，本空应该也是一个祈使句，所以选B项。18答案与解析：E本空是段尾句。根据中心句“Include strength training at least 2 days per week.”可知，本段主要讲了力量训练。再根据空前一句“For starters, try doing upper and lower body workouts 1 day a week.”可知，E项(表述逐渐增加力量训练的次数)与此处匹配。19答案与解析：D本空是一个过渡句。结合中心句“Mix up your routine to keep things interesting.”可知，本段主要讲述了变换日常训练项目以使锻炼有意思一些，故D项符合语境。20答案与解析：G本空是一个过渡句。结合中心句“Walk for 5 to 10 minutes and stretch to cool down.”可知，本段主要讲了运动后如何让身体平复下来，故G项与此处匹配。