2021届高三英语人教版一轮新高考复习学案：必修1 UNIT 4 EARTHQUAKES WORD版含答案.doc

1、三言两语1.Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth.2Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.3In the meantime, people nationwide are taking an active part i

2、n raising funds for the disaster area/ people nationwide are actively donating money to the disaster area.1.尽管如此，政府还是号召全国支持被这次最严重的大灾难袭击的地区。In spite of this, the government called on the whole nation to support the area hit by the worst disaster2此外，市政府及时采取各种紧急的措施解救被雪灾困住的群众，确保一切尽快恢复正常。Besides, the cit

3、y government took all kinds of urgent measures to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything would return to normal as soon as possible.单词拼写应用核心单词1.burst vi.爆裂； 爆发n突然破裂； 爆发2disaster n灾难； 灾祸3rescue n& vt.援救； 营救4bury vt.埋葬； 掩埋； 隐藏5destroy vt.破坏； 毁坏； 消灭6damage n& vt.损失； 损害7rui

4、n n废墟； 毁灭vt.毁灭； 使破产8trap vt.使陷入困境n陷阱； 困境9electricity n电； 电流； 电学10sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)2(湖北卷)Right after he was_rescued(rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins，he saluted and smile

5、d to them.3With so many miners buried (bury) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.4If it hadnt been for your timely help，we would_be_trapped (trap) in a dilemma now.5._Disasters(disaster) such as earthquakes and floods are not caused by human beings.拓展单词1.extreme adj.

6、极度的 extremely adv.极度地2judge n裁判员； 法官 vt.断定； 判断； 判决 judgement n意见； 判断力； 审判3injure vt.损害； 伤害 injury n伤害； 损害injured adj.受伤的4nation n民族； 国家； 国民 national adj.国家的； 民族的5frighten vt.使惊吓； 吓唬 frightened adj.受惊的； 受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的6congratulate vt.祝贺 congratulation n祝贺； (复数) 贺词 7dirt n污垢； 泥土dirty adj.脏的

7、； 肮脏的8suffer vt.& vi.遭受； 忍受 suffering n苦难； 痛苦 sufferer n患者； 受害者9shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊； 震动 n休克； 打击； 震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.震惊的10survive vt.& vi.幸存； 幸免于 survivor n幸存者； 生还者； 残存物 语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.(frighten)2The headmaster

8、 wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)3Judging from his looks，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the judge points out that a man should not be judged by his appearance.(judge

9、)4We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)5In the terrible crash of the school bus，many children were injured，and even some suffered severe injuries to their heads and arms.The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)阅读单词1.canal n运河；水道2shelter n掩蔽；掩蔽处；

10、避身处3event n事件；大事4outline n要点；大纲；轮廓5headline n报刊的大字标题6.track n轨道；足迹；痕迹7well n井8pipe n管；导管9steam n蒸汽；水汽10quake n震动；地震11.crack n裂缝；噼啪声vt.&vi.(使)开裂；破裂12smelly adj.发臭的；有臭味的13dam n水坝；堰堤14mine n矿；矿山；矿井15bar n条；棒；条状物1(2019全国卷) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since t

11、he mid1980s.跟踪(进展情况)2(2017全国卷)We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.刻苦钻研；研究3(重庆卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs.使免于；庇护短语多维应用高频短语1.right away立刻；马上2in ruins严重受损；破败不堪3a (great) number of 许多；大量的4jud

12、ging from从判断5be trapped in陷入语境运用(填入一个适当的词)A great number of firefighters were sent to the scene right awayThe fire spread so quickly that the building lay in ruins in no time.Judging from the situation，many people were trapped in the fire.The firefighters did all they could to put out the fire and t

13、ried to carry the trapped people out.6.think little/nothing of认为没什么了不起7at an end结束；终结8dig out掘出；发现9be proud of以而自豪10be buried in埋头于语境运用(填入一个适当的词)I paid a visit to my cousin before my holiday was nearly at an end.When I came in，he was buried in reviewing his lessons in his study.He got good grades in

14、 the final exam and his parents were proud of him.However，he thought nothing of what he had achieved.句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.too.to.意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(2018北京卷)正如谚语所说，活到老学到老。As the saying goes, “One is never too old to learn”.2.It seems

15、/seemed as if.看起来好像It seemed as if the world was at an end！这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as if he had experienced it himself.3.部分否定：all.not.并非所有的都All hope was not lost.最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在课余时间进行体育锻炼。A recent survey shows that all the stud

16、ents in our school dont take physical exercise in their spare time.1.burst vt.& vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发(1)burst outdoingburst inton.突然起来burst into 闯入burst in 闯进来；插话(2)burst with joy/happiness/anger非常高兴/勃然大怒burst into cheers爆发出欢呼声burst in on a meeting打断会议基础练习单句语法填空a.He burst in without

17、knocking at the door, which made me very angry.bHe burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.Hearing that my dad would be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.链接写作完成句子/句式升级听到儿子在地震中丧生的坏消息， 这对夫妇突然哭起来。(普通表达)When they heard the bad news t

18、hat their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (高级表达)Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (分词短语作状语)2.ruin nU毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 C(pl.) 废墟；遗迹 v(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭(1)in ruins成为废墟(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己； 自取灭亡ruin ones

19、 health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉ruin the table cloth 弄脏了那块桌布ruin our friendship破坏了我们的友谊the ruin of civilization文明的毁灭financial ruin破产the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹基础练习单句语法填空a.(2019全国卷) Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining(ruin) the atmosphere of peace?bIt rained

20、 for two weeks on end，completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.链接写作完成句子/句式升级地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。(普通表达)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake and it made us awake all night.(高级表达)The whole city lay in ruins

21、after the earthquake, which made us awake all night(非限制性定语从句)3.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心be buried inbury oneself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thought沉思bury his face in his hands双手掩面buried treasure埋藏的财宝基础练习单句语法填空The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying(bury) her head in the book in her hands.a.

22、He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.bWhen I entered the room, I found him burying (bury) his face in his hands.链接写作完成句子/句式升级由于他埋头于书本，他没注意到其他人已经离开了。(普通表达)Because he buried himself in/was buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had le

23、ft.(高级表达)Burying himself in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(现在分词作状语)(高级表达)Buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(过去分词作状语)名师点津表示“埋头于；致力于”的短语还有：be devoted todevote oneself to专心于；致力于be absorbed in全神贯注于；专心于concentrate on集中精力于；专心于focus on集中精力于；专心于fix ones

24、attention on全神贯注于；专心于occupy oneself in doing/withbe occupied with 专心于；忙于4.judge vt.断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官(1)judge.from/by.从来判断judging by/from从上看；根据判断(2)as far as I can judge据我判断，我认为(3)judgement n裁决；评价judge a case判案judge sb. guilty判某人有罪not to judge people不要对他人品头论足基础练习单句语法填空(2018江苏卷)The economic impact of t

25、he arts is often overlooked and badly judged (judge)Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we shouldnt judge a book by/from its cover.She showed a lack of judgement(judge) when she gave Mark the important job.链接写作完成句子(2017江苏卷)我认为，电影市场在不久的将来会低迷。As far as I can judge, th

26、e film market may witness a slowdown in the near future.名师点津judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。5.at an end结束；终结(1)at the end of在尽头；在末端by the end of到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end最后；终于(2)come to an end结束put/bring sth.to an end 结束put an end to sth.结束；终结(3)end up结果为；最终为基础练习单句语

27、法填空The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.They didnt know how to put an end to the heated quarrel.His newly written novel had been translated(translate) into English by the end of last month.(2019忻州联考)I thought I would be punished for the broken glasses but I ended up being

28、praised (praise) for my honesty.链接写作用end的相关短语完成小片段At the end of (在末端) the meeting，the general manager said in a loud voice，“Weve tried hard to solve the financial problem，and in the end (终于) weve succeeded.So by the end of (到结束时) next week，the bad situation will come to an end (结束) and everything wi

29、ll be all right.”6.a (great) number of许多；大量的(1)可数名词复数(2)不可数名词(3)基础练习单句语法填空a(2019浙江卷) In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen(fall) by more than 55 percent.b(山东卷)A number of high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.链接写作完成句子(江苏卷)随着学习英语的人越来越多

30、， 在中文语境里理解这些英语单词并不是很困难。 As the number of English learners is on the rise, its not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.(广东卷)一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。A great deal/amount of money was donated to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.名师点津a

31、number of意为“若干；许多”；后接名词复数。用作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式；the number of意为“的数量”，其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时，谓语一般要用单数形式。7.教材佳句It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！句法句式句中as if as though意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。(2)如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情

32、况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：as if 金句推送The woman loves the children deeply as if she were their mother.这个妇女深爱这些孩子，就好像她是他们的妈妈一样。基础练习单句语法填空Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going(go) to move in two minutes.More generally，the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory.(重庆卷)It was John who broke the wi

33、ndow.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it?链接写作句式升级(普通表达)She walked here and there on the playground as if she was looking for something.(高级表达)She walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something(省略句)(普通表达)The boy stood there with his head bent as if he was criticized

34、by the teacher.(高级表达)The boy stood there with his head bent as if criticized by the teacher(省略句)名师点津如果as if引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中用be的某种形式，则省略“从句主语be”，从句就变成了“as if/as thoughadj./adv./介词短语/to do/doing/done”。8.教材佳句All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。句法句式句中all .not为部分否定，意为“并非都”，有时也可用“Not all .”表示。(1)英语中的a

35、ll，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。 金句推送Its impossible for all the people to get the jobs because all of them are not fit for them.所有

36、人都得到工作是不可能的，因为并非所有的人都适合这些工作。基础练习单句语法填空I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with everything(重庆卷)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.链接写作一句多译(2019重庆适应性测试)事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。The truth is that not everyone is attaching great importance to time man

37、agement.The truth is that everyone is not attaching great importance to time management.多维训练夯实基础维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1Now a great many college graduates are (be) seeking for highpaid jobs.But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post.2We had intended to take a twoday trip, but

38、we were too busy to afford (afford) it.3School started, but with time going by I felt as if I were (be) in a foreign country.4When she heard the news that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying (cry)5After very careful consideration, I decided to take a risk based on my own judgme

39、nt(judge)维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词6It had gotten very cold, and I guessed the good weather was at an end.7(2019北京东城一模)My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home a lot.8The earthquake did damage to the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in

40、 ruins.9He was often found buried in his work whenever I came here.10Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.维度3查缺补漏11George is organized, easygoing, hardworking, and intelligent.In a word, I cant think too highly of him.12On arriving there, we express

41、ed our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success.13The temple completely destroyed (destroy) by the fire last night was built a long time ago.14A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.15Although it was an extremely (extreme) difficult an

42、d dangerous task, he was determined to finish it.语篇练习提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据P26教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which thousands of people died and many 1.were injured (injure)Many houses 2.fell (fall) down and sand filled the wells instead o

43、f water.People were greatly 3.shocked (shock)All the electricity in the city was cut 4.off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city was pletely (complete) destroyed and the world seemed 6.at its end.The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150, 000 soldiers w

44、ere sent 7.to help (help) the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 8.who were trapped.Workers built shelters for the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.Slowly, the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the quake, strange things were

45、happening in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9.rose (rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10.them (they)提能二单元话题写作练1补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂，电力中断。One night, everything began to shake, the pipes b

46、ursting and the electricity cut off无论走到哪里，我们都能看见一切都已经变成了废墟。Wherever we went, we found everything lay in ruins仿佛到了世界末日！It seemed as if the world was at an end!有些人受伤，有些人被埋在废墟下。Some people were injured; some were buried in the ruins.士兵们立刻前来救援。他们救出了一些被困在废墟中的人，并将死者掩埋。The soldiers came to the rescue right

47、 awayThey saved some people trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead.在灾难面前，他们非常愿意帮助那些需要帮助的人。They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters我们再怎么赞扬他们也不为过。We cant think too highly of them.2升级平淡句(1)把句升级为定语从句The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who we

48、re trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. (2)用状语从句合并句和句They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we cant think too highly of them3衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so)One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. Wherever we went, we

49、 found everything lay in ruins. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Some people were injured；some were buried in the ruins. The soldiers came to the rescue right away, saved some people who were trapped under the ruins, and buried the dead. They were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters, so we cant think too highly of them.