2021届高三英语人教版一轮新高考复习学案：选修8 UNIT 2　CLONING WORD版含答案.doc

1、三言两语1.Thanks to the development of science and technology，human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience.2Human cloning，which is expected to cure many serious diseases and save lives，but may bring disasters of social morality.3How to deal with the progress of science and techno

2、logy properly is worth our careful consideration.1.科学技术在历史上已经彻底地改变了我们的生活，特别是在上个世纪。Science and technology have changed our life thoroughly throughout the history，especially in the last century.2毫无疑问，我们在许多不同的方面受益于科学的进步。There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many di

3、fferent ways.单词拼写应用核心单词1.altogether adv.总共；完全地2forbid vt.禁止；不准3exact adj.精确的；准确的4owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于5shortly adv.立刻；不久6bother vt.打扰 vi.操心n烦扰7strike vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工n罢工8drawback n缺点；不利条件9breakthrough n突破10obtain vt.获得；赢得11._undertake vt.着手；从事；承担12._unable adj.不能的；不会的语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1(全国卷)It struck (s

4、trike)me that playing against the other team was a great moment for all the girls on the team.2(全国卷)Although weve been delighted to have you as neighbours, were hoping to settle something that bothers (bother) us.3Nowadays, energy can be_obtained (obtain) through various sources such as oil, coal, n

5、atural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.4Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (forbid) here.5But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks (drawback) which should not be neglected.拓展单词1.differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的difference n差异；不同2correct adj.正确的

6、 v改正correction n改正；纠正；修正 3object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对；异议4accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulation n积累；增加5retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休；引退6assume vt.假定；设想assumption_n假定；设想 7regulate vt.调节；管理regulation n规则；规章；法规 8popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的popularity n受人喜爱；流行 9resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant a

7、dj.有抵抗力的；抵制的10decorate v装饰；装修decoration n装饰；装修 语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge.And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)2From the appearance, we cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always ha

8、ve some different ideas.And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)3Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it.(object)4Dont assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more.(assume)5No

9、wadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance(resist)阅读单词1.straightforward adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的2procedure n程序；步骤；手续3. merely adv. 仅；只；不过4. impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响5moral adj.道德(上)

10、的；伦理的6.cast vt.扔；投；掷7. identical adj.同一的；一模一样的8initial adj.最初的；开始的9vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的10adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱11fate n命运；天命12medium n(pl.media)媒介；手段；工具13.conservative adj.保守的；守旧的14compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的15commercial adj.商业的；贸易的16complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的_17hatch vt.&vi.孵出；孵卵；孵化18reasonable adj.合情理

11、的；讲道理的；公道的(2017天津卷)This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution.让人觉得短语多维应用高频短语1.cast down使失望；使沮丧2in favour of 赞成；支持3bring back to life 使复生；使复活4(be) bound to (do). 一定或注定(做)5in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)语境运用(填入一个适当的词)Are you in favour of cloning h

12、uman beings? Especially when your health is in poor condition，you are bound to want to bring yourself back to life.Dont worry.Human cloning technology doesnt cast you down.6.object to 反对7pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清8in vain 白费力气；枉费心机9from time to time 不时；偶尔10strike.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心语境运用(填入一个适当的词)Only i

13、f you dont object to cloning human beings can what you do for your health pays offThe successful organs cloning contributes to the patients recovery.I believe it will strike the advanced medical technology into your heart.句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.(1)完全倒装 (2) that引导同位语从句Then came the disturbing news that

14、Dolly had become seriously ill.然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。Then came the exciting news that our team won the game.2.The advantage is that.“其优点是”，that引导表语从句The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to

15、 the next generation.骑自行车上班的优点是我们可以过一种低碳生活。The advantage of cycling to work is that we can live a lowcarbon life.1.object vi.反对；不赞成 n物体；目标(1)object to sb./sth.反对/不赞成某人/某事object to doing sth.反对做某事(2)objection n.反对；厌恶objective adj.客观的；真实的 an object of study研究对象an objective assessment/analysis客观的评价/分析基

16、础练习单句语法填空A majority of students objected to being arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.The villagers raised an objection (object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.(2018江苏卷)It is necessary to hold an objective (object) attitude towards ratings.链接写作一句多译就我个人而言，

17、 我反对他提出的建议。As far as Im concerned, I am opposed to the suggestions he put forward.(opposed)In my view, I object to the suggestions he put forward.(object)2.forbid (forbade/forbad；forbidden) vt.禁止；不准forbid (doing) sth.禁止 (做) 某事forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事forbid smoking during offic

18、e hours禁止在办公时间抽烟the Forbidden City紫禁城基础练习单句语法填空 You cant smoke here.Regulations forbid smoking(smoke) in this room.I will forbid you to leave(leave) unless you apologize for what you have done.(重庆卷)In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is forbidden(forbid), especially if you are a wo

19、man.链接写作完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)We were forbidden to go out(禁止外出)at night，so we had to stay at home aimlessly.(高级表达)Forbidden to go out at night，we had to stay at home aimlessly.(过去分词短语作状语)3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢(1)owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe sth.to 把归功于；为而感谢owe it to sb.that.多亏了某人(2)owing to 因为；由于

20、owe us an explanation应当给我们一个解释owe him an apology得向他道歉基础练习单句语法填空I owe an apology to you for being unable to travel with you.(上海卷)Owing (owe) to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.I owed it to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident.链接写作词汇升级/句式升级 多亏她帮忙，我们才成功启动了引擎。(普通表

21、达)Because of her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine.(高级表达)Owing to her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine.(高级表达)It was owing to her assistance that we succeeded in starting the engine(强调句型)名师点津如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在后面。4.bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 nU烦扰

22、；C令人烦恼的事或人(1)bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事(2)bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人(3)It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是(4)have bother (in) doing sth.做某事费力bother yourself about/with small things为琐事烦恼bother her with my problems让她为我的事操心基础练习单句语法填空a.(湖南卷)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow stude

23、nts to talk over what is bothering(bother) them.b(湖南卷)Around two oclock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers(bother) us.a.Dont bother getting/to get(get) dinner for me today.Ill eat out.bWe had quite a lot of bother getting (get) here because of the fog.I dont want to

24、bother you about/with my problem.I am doing quite well.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Although I have been working hard, I cant keep up with others and this bothers me greatly.(高级表达)Although I have been working hard，it bothers me greatly that I cant keep up with others.(it作形式主语)(高级表达)Although I have been working har

25、d, what bothers me greatly is that I cant keep up with others.(what引导主语从句)5.strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck)打；罢工；敲；撞击；击打；侵袭；给以印象；擦；突然想起 n罢工；打击(1)sth.strikes sb.某人突然想出It strikes sb.that/to do.某人想到(2)be struck by.被打动；迷恋(3)strike sb.in/on the身体部位 打某人某部位(4)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工基础练习写出下列句中strike的词性和含义(广

26、东卷)She was practicing surfing when a shark struck.v.袭击The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.v.打动；给以印象I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.v.(钟) 敲It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.v.想起(福建卷)The workers will go on strike

27、 if the demands they put forward are turned down.n.罢工链接写作完成句子/句式升级我被他鼓舞人心的话所打动，并决定努力提高英语。(普通表达)I was struck/stricken by his inspiring words, and I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(高级表达)Struck/Stricken by his inspiring words, I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(分词短语作状语)6.pa

28、y off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清pay for sth.付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价pay sb.for sth.因某事物给某人报酬pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报pay a visit to 拜访 pay off his debts in two years在两年内还清了债务基础练习单句语法填空 (2019全国卷)The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying offa.That

29、 I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.bId also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.(2017天津卷)Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?链接写作完成句子(四川卷)当我顺利地完成了所有科目考试的时候，我的确感到我的努力得到了回报。When I passed the exa

30、ms of all the subjects，I did feel that my efforts paid off7.in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)(1)out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳(2)on condition that 如果；在条件下；倘若on no condition 决不(3)under.conditions 在条件下working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境基础练习单句语法填空a.(安徽卷)What I want you to realize is that

31、everybody is likely to be in poor condition.bOn no condition should you lose heart when you are in trouble.(安徽卷)It is many young peoples ambition to set up businesses that improve social conditions(condition)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)They agreed to lend us the car if we returned it before the weekend.(高级表达)They

32、 agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.名师点津condition表示“(工作或生活)环境”时，通常要用复数形式；而表示“状况”时，为不可数名词，表示“条件”时，则为可数名词。8.教材佳句The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that diseas

33、e to the next generation.其优点是如果发生一种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。句法句式The advantage is that.优势是，that此处引导表语从句。常见的类似句式：The disadvantage of.is that.的不足是The strength of.is that.的优势是The problem of.is that.的问题是The chances are that.有可能The drawback of .is that .的缺点是基础练习单句语法填空The disadvantage

34、of copying others homework is that you cannot master what you have learned.The chances are that he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment.链接写作完成句子微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。The advantage/strength of smiling is that it can not only make us happy, but also please others.多维训练夯实基础维度1用所给词的正确

35、形式填空1Why did you quit your job?It was good in terms of its working conditions(condition), but the salary was too low.2The students are forbidden, unless they have special passes, to stay (stay) out after 11 pm.3Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected

36、to being called(call) a hero.4Why bother going/to go (go) abroad to study when there are so many good universities at home?5Greatly struck (strike) by the beauty of the language, I thought how even today Shakespeares writing remains powerful and true.维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词6(安徽卷)The athletes years of hard t

37、raining paid off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.7The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.8This morning my grandpa wrote his doctor a letter saying that he owes it to her that he is still alive.9All efforts will be in vain if we cant learn Eng

38、lish by practising repeatedly.10In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death.维度3查缺补漏11The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking (take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.12The project undertaken

39、 (undertake) by the young engineer on his own turned out to be very successful.13Keep on working hard like this, and your research is bound to obtain(obtain) great success.14No one knows exactly(exact) how the earth began as it happened so long ago.15We had our furniture moved to the new house when

40、the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.语篇练习提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据P1112教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.It is a way of 1.making(make) an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is 2.that gardeners use it to produce comme

41、rcial quantities of plants.3.The other is that it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However, the process of cloning is difficult 4.to undertake(undertake)Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The breakthrough that scientists made in history was in the

42、year 1996.The first successful cloning, Dolly the sheep, made the whole 5.scientific(science) world follow its process, though it had 6.more(many) problems than the normal sheep.Dollys appearance 7.raised(raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact 8.on the media and public imagination.Diffe

43、rent people have different opinions on it.However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.Maybe in the 9.21st(21) century, cloning will be the 10.biggest(big) moral dilemma.提能二单元话题写作练1补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)说到克隆，人们有不同的看法。When it comes to cloning, peopl

44、es ideas differ一些人支持它的发展，因为他们认为它一定能使我们受益。Some people are in favour of its development, for they believe it will be bound to benefit us克隆有一个好处患有某种罕见疾病的人在将来可能会被治愈。Cloning has an advantage that people who suffer a certain rare disease can be cured in the future有些人感觉很沮丧，因为他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。Some feel

45、cast down because they think it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden实际上许多国家从事这个课题并获得重大的突破。Actually many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs我们无法抗拒它。We are unable to resist it我认为，只要所有人都保证合理应用，克隆将会取得成功。I think cloning will pay off as long as all undertake to use it proper

46、ly2升级平淡句(1)用表语从句改写句The advantage of cloning is that people who suffer a certain rare disease can be cured in the future. (2)用高级词汇升级句In my opinion, cloning will pay off as long as all undertake to use it properly.3衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so)When it comes to cloning, peoples ideas differ. Some people are

47、in favour of its development, for they believe it will be bound to benefit us. The advantage of cloning is that people who suffer a certain rare disease can be cured in the future. Some feel cast down because they think it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden. Actually many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs. So we are unable to resist it. In my opinion, cloning will pay off as long as all undertake to use it properly.