高一英语同步精品课件：UNIT4 ASTRONOMY： THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS - USING LANGUAGE （新人教版必修3）.ppt

1、Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.词汇过关1 _n.拉 力；牵 引 力 _v.拉；拖_v.推2_v.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮_n.漂浮物3_n.质量；团；块；大量_n.群众4_n.宇宙飞船_n.战舰；战船答 案：1.pull;pull;push2.float;float3.mass;masses4.spaceship;warshipUnit 4 Astro

2、nomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.短语自查1get close to_2感到高兴；感到振奋_3既然_4突发；爆发_5密切注视；当心；提防_答 案：1.靠 近；接 近2.cheer up3.now that4.break out 5watch outUnit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.句式翻译1When we get closer to the moon,we shall feel its gravity pulling us,but it will not be as strong a pull as

3、 the earths._答案：当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over._答案：但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发现我被送出去的跨度是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语Unit 4

4、 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.单词突破1pulla)v.1)拉；拖；扯You push and Ill pull.你推；我拉。She pulled the drawer open.她拉开了抽屉。2)吸引The basketball game pulled a great crowd.这场篮球赛吸引了一大群人。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语b)n.1)拖；拉；扯One more pull will bring the car out of the ditch.再拉一下就能把汽车从沟里

5、拉出来。He gave my hair a pull.他拉了一下我的头发。2)吸引The pull of the city was hard to resist.都市的魅力难以抗拒。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【词语辨析】drag，pull，draw(1)drag拖拉(笨重、阻力很大的)东西；缓慢而吃力地行进；慢吞吞地进行。(2)pull拉，拔(为普通用语)；pull up把往上拉，(车辆等)停下。(3)draw比pull正式，但不如drag吃力，常用于比喻中，指吸引注意力等(draw ones attention)。Unit 4

6、 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语They dragged him from his bed.他们把他从床上拽了起来。He dragged behind others.他跟在别人身后无力地走着。Draw your chair over to the table.把你的椅子拉到桌子旁。Lets go and help them pull the cart.咱们去帮他们拉车吧。The loud noise drew our attention.那声巨响吸引了我们的注意力。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars

7、人教版英语【牛刀小试】He_at the traffic lights.Apulled throughBpulled upCpulled down Dpulled in答案：D句意：他在红绿灯处停了车。pull down“拆毁”；pull up“停下”；pull through“(使)渡过难关/危机”；pull in“(火车)到站，进站”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2float(v.)1)浮动；漂浮；飘动；飘移Beautiful music came floating out of the window.美妙的乐声从窗口传出。2

8、)(in/on sth)浮；漂浮A plastic bag was floating in the water.一个塑料袋在水中漂浮。3)使浮动；使漂流There wasnt enough water to float the ship.水不够深，船浮动不起来。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语4)轻盈走动；飘然移动She floated down the steps to greet us.她轻盈地下楼来迎接我们。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】汉译英(1)没有足

9、够深的水使船漂浮起来。_(2)空气中漂浮有许多灰尘。_答案：(1)There wasnt enough water to float the ship.(2)There is much dust floating in the air.Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语3mass(n.)1)C块；团；堆Before the rain,the sky was a mass of clouds.下雨前，天空有一团云。2)C,usually sing.of sth 许多；大量I began sifting through the mass o

10、f evidence.我开始认真筛选大量的证据。3)sing.(常指混乱的)一堆；一群I struggled through the mass of people to the exit.我在人群里挤来挤去，挤到了出门的地方。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语4)pl.(masses of sth)大量的东西There were masses of people in the shops yesterday.昨天商店里人如潮涌。5)pl.(the masses)群众；平民百姓The government attempted to sup

11、press dissatisfaction among the masses.政府试图压制群众的不满情绪。6)sing.(the mass of sth)the majority 大多数；多数The mass of opinion is against the plan.大多数的意见都反对这个计划。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】完成句子(1)There were_(朵朵乌云)in the sky.(2)The flowers_(五彩缤纷)against the stone wall.(3)She elbowed her

12、way_(从游客中)(4)The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took_pictures of them.Amany of Bmasses ofCthe number of Da large amount ofUnit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语答案：(1)masses of dark clouds(2)made a mass of colour(3)through the masses of tourists(4)BUnit 4

13、Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.短语精讲1cheer up|cheer sb/sth up(使)变得更高兴；(使)振奋起来 When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴起来。Cheer up!The news isnt too bad.振作起来吧！消息还不算太坏。He cheered up at once when I promised to help him.当我答应帮他忙时，他立即高兴起来。Unit 4

14、 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识拓展】1)cheer sb on(赛跑、比赛等中)以喝彩声激励；为某人加油As the football match was in progress,we kept cheering on both teams.足球赛进行时，我们不断地喊叫，为双方加油。We did our best to cheer him on when he was about to give up.当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2)Cheers

15、!(祝酒时用)干杯！with good cheer 高高兴兴地，乐意地cheer sth to the echo 为某物大声喝彩words of cheer 鼓励的话Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】Im thinking of the test tomorrow.Im afraid I cant pass this time._！Im sure you will make it.AGo ahead BGood luckCNo problem DCheer up答案：D上句句意是：我正在想明天的考试，恐怕这次我不能及格。从答

16、语的后半句“我确信你能行”可以判断出此处是在鼓励对方，因此用“Cheer up！”表示“鼓起劲来！别灰心！”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2come on1)跟着来You had better go to the station now;Ill come on later.你最好这会儿就去车站，我随即赶来。2)进展；发展How is he coming on with his study of French?他法语学得怎么样了？3)逐渐开始I can feel a cold coming on.我觉得要感冒了。I think th

17、eres rain coming on.我看要下雨了。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语4)(演员)登台；(戏)上演；(运动员)在中途上场The new play is coming on next week.这出新戏下周上演。5)用作表示鼓励、挑战、恳求或要求等的感叹语Come on!You can do it if you try.来吧！如果你试一下准能行的。Come on！The bus leaves in two minutes.快，公共汽车过两分钟就要开了。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the

18、 stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】(1)I didnt feel like going out.Why dont we stay at home and watch TV?_You promised to take me out for a ride.AReally.BNot at all.CCome on!DNo matter.答案：C句意：“我不想外出，我们为什么不呆在家中看电视呢？”“快点吧，你答应过带我出去兜兜风的。”此句要用come on，用来催促对方。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语(2)Itll take at leas

19、t 2 hours to do this!Oh，_！I could do it in 30 minutes.Acome on Bpardon meCyou are right Ddont mention it答案：A句意：“做这件事将至少需要2个小时！”“得了吧，我用30分钟就能做完。”come on可用来表示“得了，快点，别胡扯啦”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语3now(that)(conj.)既然；由于Now that I am free,I can enjoy music for a while.既然有空，我可以享受一下音乐

20、。Now that she has a job in France she can satisfy her desire to see Europe.既然现在她在法国工作，那就可以满足她游览欧洲的愿望了。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识拓展】now(that),seeing(that)和since,as意义相似，它们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。now that 通常指新出现的情况或刚发生的动作，而since和as则指已经成为事实的原因或人们已经知道的事实。As/Since/Seeing that you are

21、 here，you may as well give me a hand.既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking.既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】(1)_youve got a chance,you might as well make full use of it.ANow that BAfterCAlthough DAs soon as答案：A句意：既然你有一个机会，你不妨

22、充分利用它。now(that)和since 意义相似，它们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思；在复合句中引导原因状语从句。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语(2)_you have seen both fighters，_will win?ASince;do you think whoBAs;who you thinkCWhen;whoeverDSince;who do you think答案：D句意：既然你已经见过两位拳手了，你认为谁将获胜？since引导原因状语从句，指已经成为事实的原因或人们已经知道的事实；此外，do you think为

23、插入语，必须位于特殊疑问词的后面，句子采用陈述语序，或者是位于句末，其前加逗号。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语4get the hang of掌握的要领；了解的用法；找到了诀窍I dont quite get the hang of the discourse.我并不十分了解谈话的要点。Not many people seem to have got the hang of this new kind of music.看来没有多少人能欣赏这种新式音乐。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the star

24、s人教版英语【知识拓展】1)hang about/round/around(在某处附近)等待；逗留；闲荡；无所事事He hung about outside my house.他在我家房子外面转悠。慢悠悠；缓缓行走Dont hang aboutwe have a train to catch!别磨磨蹭蹭了，我们还要赶火车呢！Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2)hang on抓紧；紧握着Hang on tightwere off.抓紧了我们出发了。(电话用语)别挂电话；等一下Hang onIll just see if shes her

25、e.等一下我这就去看一看她在不在。等一下；停一下Hang on a minute;Im just coming.请稍等一下，我马上就来。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语等待某事发生；等候I havent heard if Ive got the job yettheyve kept me hanging on for days.我是否得到了那份工作的事还没消息他们让我等了好几天了。(在逆境中)坚持，不放弃The team hung on for victory.这个队为了胜利坚持不懈。Unit 4 Astronomy：the scie

26、nce of the stars人教版英语3)hang up挂断电话After I hung up,I remembered what Id want to say.我挂断电话后才想起来原本要说的话。4)hang out 常去某处；泡在某处The local kids hung out at the mall.当地的孩子常在商业街闲荡。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】Xiaowei,you are wanted on the phone.Hang_please.Im coming.Aon BupCout Dabout答案：

27、Ahang on“等一下；别挂电话”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语5break out 突发，爆发Fire broke out during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。Several prisoners broke out of the jail.有几名囚犯越狱了。A fire broke out in his house last night.昨晚他家起火了。Fighting broke out in the prison cells.牢房里发生了斗殴。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of

28、 the stars人教版英语【巧学助记】break out不能用于进行时态，不能用于被动语态。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识拓展】break up 解散；打碎break through 突破；强行穿过break away from.脱离break off 停止讲话break into 强行进入某入；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)break down(谈判)失败；(精神、身体)崩溃break in 进入；插话Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【词语辨析】break out,h

29、appen,occur,take place(1)break out通常指战争、疾病、灾害等突然爆发。(2)happen强调偶然发生某事。(3)occur指意想不到的事情发生。(4)take place强调按事先的安排或计划发生。A traffic accident happened near the crossing.十字路口附近发生了一起车祸。The accident occurred on Sunday.这起事故发生在星期天。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】(1)I was still sleeping when t

30、he fire_，and then it spread quickly.Abroke out Bput outCcame out Dgot out答案：AA为“(火灾等)发生”，符合题意；B“扑灭”；C、D“出来”。本题意为“火灾发生时，我正在睡觉”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语(2)Their mother_dinner at the kitchen when a quarrel_among the children.Awas preparing;was broken outBprepared;was broken outCwa

31、s preparing;broke outDprepared;broke out答案：C句意：这些孩子们发生争吵时，他们的妈妈正在厨房做饭。题干中的when是并列连词，意为“当的时候”，前面用过去进行时表示正在进行的状态。break out没有被动语态。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语6watch out 小心；提防Youll be cheated if you dont watch out.如果你不小心，就会上当受骗。Watch out for the stairsthey are steep.小心楼梯，这些台阶很陡。Unit 4

32、Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识拓展】look out 小心；注意。如：Look out!A train is coming!注意！火车来了！Look out when youre crossing the road.过马路时要小心。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】The flowers should be_，or else they will die in such cold days.Awatched over Bwatched outClooked out Dloo

33、ked over答案：Awatch over可接宾语，表示“保护；照看”；watch out和look out是不及物动词短语，接宾语时要加for;look over意为“从上面看，查看”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语.句式点击1“We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull，”he explained.李彦平解释道：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力。”Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识剖析】too.t

34、o.句型的用法：1)表示否定意义，译作“太以至于不能”。These pillars are too thin to carry the roof.这些柱子太细，支撑不住屋顶。The grass was too wet(for us)to sit on.草地太湿了，(我们)不能坐。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2)too.to.和表示人的心理状态的形容词连用，表示肯定意义，译作“非常而要”；此类词有happy,glad,ready,anxious,eager,willing,pleased,thankful等。They seemed

35、to be too nervous and were too anxious to leave.他们看来过分紧张不安，并且过分急于离去。3)把never/not等否定词放在too前，表示肯定，译作“并不太所以能”；加在to前，译作“太不至于不”。He is too careful not to have noticed it.他那么细心不会不注意到这点。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【知识拓展】a)too形容词/副词不定式1)too形容词不定式不定式可以是指句子的主语而言，此时它具有主动含义：You are too young to

36、 understand.你太年轻了没法懂得(这件事)。不定式也可以指动词的宾语而言，此时它具有被动的含义：The plate was too hot to touch.盘子烫得没法碰。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语注意：有时候不定式的主动式或被动式都可用。例如：This parcel is too heavy to send/to be sent by post.这个包裹太重了，不能邮寄。但并不是在任何情况下以上两种形式都可用，学生因此最好一律使用不定式的主动式。该结构中不定式之前可以加上for名词/代词。例如：The case w

37、as too heavy(for a child)to carry.相当于：The case was too heavy to be carried by a child.箱子太重了，孩子搬不动。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2)too形容词a名词不定式He is too experienced a conductor to mind what the critics say.As a conductor he is too experienced to mind what the critics say.他是一位经验非常丰富的指挥

38、家，根本不会在乎评论家的意见。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语3)too副词不定式It is too soon(for me)to say whether the scheme will succeed or not.现在要我来说计划能否成功还为时过早。b)cannot.too.表示“无论也不过分”，“越越好”You cannot be too careful.You cannot be over careful.You cannot be careful enough.You cannot take enough care.越小心越

39、好。(再小心也不为过。)Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语c)only too 非常；很I shall be only too pleased to get home.我将极高兴地回家。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】(1)Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never be_careful with that.Aenough BtooCso Dvery答案：B句意：“煮完饭后我必须把液化气

40、关掉吗？”“当然了。越小心越好。”cannot.too.表示“无论也不过分”，“越越好”。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语(2)Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_to carry all the way home.Amuch too heavyBtoo much heavyCheavy too muchDtoo heavy much答案：A句意：艾伦被迫叫了辆出租车，因为那个箱子太重了，他不能一路搬回家。程度副词much 修饰too.to句型的副词too。注意：too不能用在ve

41、ry,fairly和quite的后面；但前面可用a bit,a little,rather,a lot,much等修饰，表示程度。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2But when I tried to step forward I found that I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语

42、【知识剖析】twice as far as 属于“倍数的表示方法”，其用法介绍如下：1)倍数(a quarter,half,twice,three times,etc.)as.as.；倍数as much/many名词asThis bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍。Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice/double the size of that one.Your room is as large again as that one.你的房间是我

43、的两倍大。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语He received three times as many presents as he had expected.他收到的礼物是他预料的三倍。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语2)倍数adj./adv.的比较级than；倍数more名词thanAsia is three times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。3)倍 数 the size/length/width/depth/height/amount

44、 of.This river is a quarter the length of that one.这条河是那条河的四分之一长。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语4)倍数whatclauseThe production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是10年前的三倍。5).by倍数.Compared with that of last year,our coal output has increased by 3 times.与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。Un

45、it 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语【牛刀小试】(1)(2009四 川 19)My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,but it is twice_expensive.Aas BsoCtooDvery 答案：A考查倍数的表达法。句意：“我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们的小很多，但是价钱却是我们的两倍”。“A倍数asadj./adv.as B”是其中一种，此处expensive后面省略了as ours。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of

46、 the stars人教版英语(2)(2009江西24)According to statistics,a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _ a woman.A.than B.suchC.so D.as答案：D考查了倍数的表达方法。即“倍数asadj./adv.as”句意为“根据统计数据，男性死于皮肤癌的可能性比女性大二倍还要多。”Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语(3)(2009辽宁33)Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks,but it cost_his.Aas much twice as Btwice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 答案：B解析：考查倍数的用法。正确的顺序为：倍数as形容词或副词as。Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars人教版英语