2021届高考英语二轮语法复习学案：构词法 专题考点汇总.doc

1、构词法专题考点汇总&专项训练【考情分析】*改错1.形容词和副词的错用；2形容词和名词的错用；3ed与ing形容词的错用。示例：1.It was a relief and I came to a suddenlysudden stop just in the middle of the road.2In their spare time，they are interestinginterested in planting vegetables in their garden，which is on the rooftop of their house. *语法填空1给出形容词提示词，填写副词或名

2、词；2给出动词，填写名词或形容词；3给出名词，填写形容词。示例：1.However，be careful(care) not to go to extremes.2.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.【语法剖析】*考点一表示否定/相反意义的前/后缀前/后缀例词前缀disagree disagree不同意advantage disadvantage缺点a

3、ppear disappear消失comfort discomfort不舒适的honest dishonest不诚实的illegal illegal不合法的logical illogical不合逻辑的impolite impolite无礼的patient impatient不耐烦的moral immoral不道德的informal informal非正式的convenient inconvenient不方便的direct indirect不直接的irregular irregular不规则的responsible irresponsible不负责任的mislead mislead误导under

4、stand misunderstand误解unusual unusual不寻常的willing unwilling不愿意的happy unhappy不高兴的known unknown不出名的后缀lesshope hopeless绝望的end endless没完没了的care careless粗心的help helpless无助的use useless无用的示例：.单句语法填空1As they couldnt play outdoors，they were unhappy (happy)，and some even got into fights from time to time.2Peopl

5、e on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or dishonest(honest)3Informal(formal) clothes are suitable for wearing at home or in ordinary situations.单句改错I know as an excellent guide I should make your journey interesting and meaningless.meaninglessmeaningful *考点二变动词的前/后缀前/后缀例词前缀enable enable使能够large enlar

6、ge扩大rich enrich使充实；使丰富danger endanger危及courage encourage鼓励后缀enbroad broaden使变宽ripe ripen使成熟sharp sharpen使尖锐wide widen加宽short shorten变短deep deepen加深dark darken使变暗hard harden使变硬ifyclass classify把分类just justify证明正确simple simplify简化beauty beautify美化izeapology apologize道歉emphasis emphasize强调memory memori

7、ze记住real realize认识到；实现示例：.单句语法填空1You should loosen(loose) up your muscles before playing any sport.2My mother encouraged(courage) me and insisted that I continue my education.3Our government attaches much importance to education now，which enables(able) so many people to be well educated.单句改错1If you

8、want to live a simple life，you need to simple your mind.第二个simplesimplify2If you deep your knowledge or understanding of a subject，you will learn more about it and become more interested in it.deepdeepen *考点三动词变名词的后缀后缀例词ion/sion/ationcorrect correction改正attract attraction吸引conclude conclusion结论；结束de

9、cide decision决定admit admission接纳；准许入学invite invitation邀请explain explanation解释expect expectation期望er/orteach teacher老师announce announcer播音员conduct conductor指挥；售票员mentpunish punishment惩罚achieve achievement功绩；成就argue argument辩论；论据equip equipment装备；设备ance/enceappear appearance出现；外貌perform performance表演；

10、节目exist existence存在；生存prefer preference偏爱inghear hearing听力；听觉begin beginning开始ure/turefail failure失败press pressure压力mix mixture混合；混合物depart departure离开；出发yrecover recovery恢复；痊愈discover discovery发现其他choose choice选择vary variety多样化；种类tend tendency趋向；趋势示例：.单句语法填空1It is necessary to have a physical exami

11、nation(examine) every year.2Annan will be remembered for his ability and his warmth(warm)3Without hesitation(hesitate)，I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.单句改错It is a very effective way to learn the language and improve your pronounce.pronouncepronunciation *考点四动词/名词变形容词的后缀

12、后缀例词ableaccept acceptable可接受的comfort comfortable舒适的fashion fashionable时髦的suit suitable合适的reason reasonable有道理的albenefit beneficial有益的music musical音乐的origin original最初的person personal个人的；私人的center central中央的；中心的nature natural自然的；天生的form formal正式的nation national全国的fuldoubt doubtful怀疑的forget forgetful健

13、忘的harm harmful有害的hope hopeful有希望的peace peaceful和平的care careful细心的use useful有用的success successful成功的help helpful有帮助的(e)dscare scared感到恐惧的confuse confused感到困惑的puzzle puzzled迷惑的worry worried担心的beard bearded有胡须的talent talented有才能的underline underlined加下划线的balance balanced均衡的ingsurprise surprising令人惊讶的con

14、vince convincing令人信服的satisfy satisfying令人满意的worry worrying令人担心的bore boring令人厌烦的ibleaccess accessible容易达到的；容易取得的horror horrible可怕的；恐怖的terror terrible可怕的iveact active积极的；活跃的effect effective有效的；生效的attract attractive有吸引力的impress impressive给人深刻印象的instruct instructive有教育意义的expense expensive昂贵的ouscontinue

15、continuous不断的；持续的anxiety anxious忧虑的caution cautious十分小心的；谨慎的curiosity curious好奇的humor humorous幽默的sometire tiresome令人厌倦的trouble troublesome麻烦的ytaste tasty美味的；可口的health healthy健康的wealth wealthy富裕的；丰富的dirt dirty有灰尘的；脏的rain rainy有雨的sun sunny阳光明媚的cloud cloudy阴天的erneast eastern东方的；向东的west western西方的；向西的is

16、hchild childish孩子气的fool foolish愚蠢的；可笑的self selfish自私的icscience scientific科学的economy economic经济的history historic历史上著名的示例：.单句语法填空1The highspeed train that connects the two cities is both fast and comfortable (comfort)2Not only the teachers but also the students find the website beneficial(benefit)3He

17、was more than just an English teacher，because he also taught me useful(use) lessons in life. .单句改错1Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and balance diet.balancebalanced2I dont think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our soc

18、iety.reasonreasonable *考点五形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词ageshort shortage不足；短缺cyefficient efficiency效率；功效fluent fluency流利；流畅accurate accuracy准确性private privacy隐私；私密domfree freedom自由；自主wise wisdom明智；智慧nessweak weakness虚弱；弱点kind kindness仁慈；好意careless carelessness粗心大意dark darkness黑暗thstrong strength力气；强项warm warmth温暖；热

19、情true truth真相；真理wide width宽度ytyitydifficult difficulty困难cruel cruelty残酷；残暴safe safety安全disable disability无能；残疾responsible responsibility责任示例：.单句语法填空1My English improved a lot；more importantly，I gained much confidence (confident)2That little act of kindness(kind) made everyone who saw it feel goodbut

20、 it made me feel the best of all!.单句改错We fear that we do not have the strong and courage to face the truth of our situation.strongstrength *考点六形容词变副词的后缀变化形式例词一般情况下直接加“ly”quick quicklyfluent fluentlystupid stupidly少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加ly；绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加lytrue trulypolite politelywide widelywise wisel

21、ynice nicely以“y”结尾的，且读音为 /I/, 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”； 但是如果读音为 /aI/, 直接加lyhappy happilyheavy heavilyangry angrily busy busilydry dryly shy shyly以ic结尾的词，加allyeconomic economicallybasic basically(例外：public publicly)以辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y；元音字母加le时，直接加lysimple simplyterrible terriblygentle gentlypossible possiblypr

22、obable probablysole solely(例外：whole wholly)示例：.单句语法填空1He sat down and started gently(gentle) talking to the dog.2Similarly(similar)，when Ron Webster borrowed a book from the library of the University of Liverpool，he forgot to return it，too.3But such a small thing couldnt possibly(possible)destroy a

23、village. .单句改错1Parents and teachers always think students should spend more time on their studies，but students themselves think different.differentdifferently2She tore up the letter angry and threw it into the dustbin.angryangrily 【综合训练】*单句改错1Every one of us is working hardly in the classroom，prepar

24、ing for the coming exam.2Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatiently.3Although parents should take good care of their young children，they dont necessary do anything for them.4It is a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them repeated.5Her disappointing look sh

25、owed that she failed the exam again. *短文改错Dear Jacob，How are you doing？Im writing to invite you to climb Mount Qianshan.You had already been here for a month.So we think its the good opportunity for us get familiar with each other.Mount Qianshan has a good reputation for their brilliant scenery in d

26、ifferent season.My friends and family is planning to make it at 8 oclock in this Saturday morning at the school gate.We are wondering that it is convenient for you.When arrived there，well climb mountains and admire the beautiful scenery in winter.That will certain leave a deep impression on you sinc

27、e everything is covered by snow.Looking forward to your reply.Li Hua *单句语法填空1I usually (memory) twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.2They are trying to (wide) the discussion to include environmental issues.3There are so many different labels on food nowadays.They are not onl

28、y (confuse) but also misleading.4If we carry our burden all the time，sooner or later，as the burden becomes (increase) heavy，we wont be able to carry on.5It snowed (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow.6He sank into (depress) when both his parents left him and went to the south

29、 in search of a betterpaid job. 7It is (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol in our country now.8People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is no knowledge is (use)9Mike was dying to apply for a new job，but he was unconfident of himself，for

30、he thought of himself as a (fail) and unworthy of success.10The report can be (convenient) divided into three main sections. *语篇语法填空Have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread，pasta or fruit？Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or

31、 beans？These things are not accidents.Food affects 1 we feel more than we think.Scientists researching 2 (it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.Although our moods relate 3 having various food，it is not quite as simple as choosing the

32、food for the right occasions.If that 4 (be) the case，athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race.Another chemical 5 (connect) with our moods is caffeine，which 6 (find) in coffee，chocolate and many types of tea，and it is perhaps 7 worst thing you can have when you are feeling stressed

33、.Of course，enjoying a nice meal with friends，whatever we eat，can also impact our spirits.Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing 8 (happy)Most 9 (important)，though，remember the following old rule: try to eat different food， 10 not too much.参考答案：*单句改错1. hardlyhard2. impatiently

34、impatient3. necessarynecessarily4. repeatedrepeatedly5. disappointingdisappointed*短文改错Dear Jacob，How are you doing？Im writing to invite you to climb Mount Qianshan.You already been here for a month.So we think its good opportunity for us get familiar with each other.Mount Qianshan has a good reputat

35、ion for brilliant scenery in different .My friends and family planning to make it at 8 oclock this Saturday morning at the school gate.We are wondering it is convenient for you.When there，well climb mountains and admire the beautiful scenery in winter.That will leave a deep impression on you since everything is covered by snow.Looking forward to your reply.Li Hua*单句语法填空1) memorize2) widen3) confusing4) increasingly5) heavily6) depression7) illegal8) useless9) failure10) conveniently*语篇语法填空1how2its3to4were5connected6is found7the8happiness9importantly10but/yet