高中英语《定语从句》课件 新人教版.ppt

1、The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句复习定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句定义：用来修饰或限制先行词的句子。关系词的判断办法 首看先行词：即先行词是表人的还是表物（时间、地点等）再看从句成分：缺什么成分补什么成分（关系词的具体用法见下表）关系词的用法一览表关系词先行词在从句中的作用关系代词who人主（宾）表whom人（宾）that人/物主（宾）表which物主（宾）表whose人/物定as人/物主宾表关系副词when物（时间

2、）状where物（地点）状whythe reason 状限制性定语从句的构成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am looking for.I visited the factory where my father works.关系代词关系副词先行词 之后,用陈述式语序“.的”关系词1.从句位置及语序:2.翻译方法:3.构成先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly.

3、2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine=thatthe boy=whothe boys=whosein the school=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词Join the following sentences:A plan

4、e is a machine.The machine can fly.先行词和关系词的关系Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质a machine that/which关系代词的实质Join the followi

5、ng sentences:The lady is Green.We saw her yesterday.herThe ladywe saw yesterday is Green Who/that关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh.I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry.He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.4.The noodles were delicious.You

6、 cooked them.5.I dont like the people.They smoke a lot.The eggs(that/which)I bought them were not fresh.The friend who/that he came to supper last night was not hungry.He prefers the cheese that/which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles(which/that)you cooked them were delicious.I dont like th

7、e people that/who they smoke a lot.关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that you speak.on the day=whenin the house=wherefor the reasons=whyin the way=that关系副词实际上是介词先行词1.Ill

8、never forget the days_ we workedtogether.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichth

9、at/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词如何判断从句动词是否及物？让先行词作宾语，如果正确，就是及物的，否则就是不及物的。如句1：We worked the days.(错误）work为不及物动词。句2：we spent the days.（正确）spend为及物动词。难用的whoseThe teacher praised the student.His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Join the f

10、ollowing pair of sentences.whose=the students关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 在定语从句中，只有whose做定语。使用whose时要注意：Whose+名词，名词前不能用冠词，但可以用形容词。Whose+N难用的whoseThe+N+of whom/whichOf whom/which+the+N难用的whoseThe house is mine.The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is bro

11、ken is mine.whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.Please compar

12、e:形式作用能否省略 翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 插入成分修饰限定补充解释不能能.的Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the

13、exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.5.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem1.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.whichas 引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is ro

14、und,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/asAsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句(1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare

15、:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句(2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的

16、如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)介词+whom/which 介词的判断办法：如果看不出介词与动词、名词及形容词的搭配，那么，我们可以讲先行词放在从句中，将从句变成一个介词填空，就可以将问题简化。介词+关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin可以改为：You spoke the man.She lives the city.注意介词+whom（表人）which（表物）介词+关系代词的情况 2The man who/wh

17、om you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词的情况 4Is this the watch that you are l

18、ooking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.Do you like the bookshe spent$10?2.Do you like the book she paid$10?3.Do you like the book she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.介词+关系代词的情况 练习on whic

19、hfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which 6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He pai

20、d the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which1.不：当先行词是不定代词时,如:All,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等只能用that 做关系代词的情况2.日：谐音the 当先行词被the only,the very,the same,little,few,no,any等修饰时4.两：当人和物合做先行词时3.赘：谐音

21、最高级 婿：谐音序数词当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中可以用口诀记忆：不 日 赘 两 婿在非限制性定语从句中只能用which 做关系代词的情况在介词后面1.He did all/everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This

22、is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.Exercise that,which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat,which,whose,whom or who?9.Is there anything else _ you want to

23、 say?10.Any person _ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,_ made others upset.12.He opened the door,in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.thatthatwhichwhichwhomwhoseThanks for attending！