高二英语（新人教版）选修8课件：UNIT 5《MEETING YOUR ANCESTORS》USING LANGUAGE .ppt

1、Using languageWords preview yogurt radioactive radioactivity applaud accelerate arrestn.酸乳酪；酸奶adj.放射性的；有辐射能的n.放射性vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏vi.&vt.加速；促进vt.逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留 relief division affection affectionate patient skilful punctuationn.减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物n.分割；分配；分界线n.恋爱；喜爱adj.充满深情的；有爱心的adj.耐心的。忍耐的adj.有技巧的；熟练的n.标点符号Wor

2、ds previewExpressions preview look ahead向前看；为将来打算Listening on page 42 The work on early people depends on the dates that are given to the bones found.If the dates are wrong,all the data about early people may also be wrong.So Zhou Heping is very interested to find out how archaeologists make sure th

3、at their dates are accurate.1.Listen to the tape and fill the layers in the“wastepaper basket”diagram on the right.yogurt potsyogurt potswastepaperused envelopesorange skin2.Listen to the tape again.Pay attention to the methods archaeologists use to date bones and how those methods work,then fill in

4、 the chart below.MethodHow it works1 Layers in the groundEach layer looks different as they are uncovered,so you can tell where one layer starts and another finishes.In the waste-paper basket,the most recent layer is _,an older layer is below that and the _ layer is _.at the topoldestat the bottomMe

5、thodHow it works2 Radiocarbon datingAll living things have _ in their bodies.When they die,the carbon _ at a _ rate.The method measures _ of carbon in bones or plants using radioactivity and can _ how old the remains are.carbonfixedthe amount ofwork outstarts to disappearLook at this archaeological

6、drawing of a section showing buildings at different times and work out their chronological order.Remember to give reasons for your answer in your discussion.Note:The age of the building depends on the number of layers it is resting on.The more layers,the more recent the building.The oldest building

7、is B because it has no layers underneath it.The second oldest building is C because it has one layer underneath it.The most recent building is building A.It has two layers underneath.ZH:How can you tell how old the bones are when you find them?LISTENING TEXTDATING METHODSZhou Heping has come to ask

8、the archaeologist,Richard Leakey,how he dates the bones he finds.RL:There are two main ways:the first uses layers in the ground and the second uses the radiocarbon dating.ZH:How does the layer method work?RL:Well,many layers of soil were produced at different times.Each time people build houses and

9、live somewhere,they make an occupation layer.Each has a different colour and texture.ZH:How does that help?RL:Look at the diagram in your book.Think of your wastepaper basket.When you came into work you threw the orange skin into it.Later someone threw their empty yogurt pots into it.Then some waste

10、 paper was added.Finally someone threw away some used envelopes.How many layers are there?ZH:There are four layers.RL:Good.Now which layer is the latest?ZH:Now,let me think!Yes,itll be the one on the top,which is the used envelopes.RL:And wheres the oldest layer?ZH:At the bottom.RL:Well done.When we

11、 find bones in layers of soil,we know they are the same age as the soil.ZH:I see.RL:Now lets think about the second method.ZH:I remember.Its called the radiocarbon dating method.Thats a strange name.RL:Yes.It uses the radioactivity to measure the amount of carbon in living things.The carbon in a dea

12、d body disappears at a fixed rate.We know how long this takes,so we can measure the amount of carbon and work out how old a bone or plant is.ZH:Thats very clever.Is it very accurate too?RL:There are some problems,so you are always given a date plus or minus some years.For example,your bone may be da

13、ted to 10,000 years ago plus or minus 100 years.This means the bone is between 9,900 years and 10,100 years old.ZH:How clever!How old are the bones from the Zhoukoudian Caves?RL:They are between 250,000 and 40,000 years old.ZH:Perhaps we can go and visit the site together sometime?RL:Of course.Whene

14、ver you like!READINGTHE FEAST:18,000 BC 北京猿人的化石首次发现于1927年 1929年12月2日发现第一个完整的头盖骨 到1937年已发现的北京人的头盖骨共5个。1941年12月太平洋战争爆发后,在几个美国人手里弄得下落不明。1966年又发现一个残破的头盖骨。总共发现了属于40多个个体的北京人化石。时间距今约七十万年至二十万年。北 京 人北京猿人的特征 能够制造和使用劳动工具 能使用天然火 摆脱了杂交的婚姻形态 生活艰苦，寿命比较短暂北京人使用过的石器北京人石器制作法北京人生活想象图山顶洞人 距今时间：18000年前 地点:北京周口店龙骨山山顶洞穴 体形

15、:同现代人大体一样，脑容量：13001500毫升 生产和生活：开始采用磨制和钻孔技术制造石器、骨器制造骨针,缝制兽皮衣服产生了原始宗教仪式过着氏族公社的生活山顶洞人头骨1933年北京市房山县周口店龙骨山山顶洞出土。骨针长8.2厘米，孔径0.31-0.33厘米。这是中国已发现的时代最早的骨针之一，其针身保存完好，针孔处破裂，针尖锐利，表面有刮磨痕迹。针孔是用尖状器刮挖而成。山顶洞人的生活用具骨针In pairs work out which jobs Dahu did and which LaLa did.DAHU:LALA:catch fish,repair stone tools,make

16、scrapers and axe-headscollect fruit and nuts,prepare foodRead the passage again and try to figure out the work divisions between men and women.Mens tasksWomens tasks112 Fishing23344 Preparing food55Mens tasksWomens tasks1Making and repairing tools1 Collecting nuts,fruits and water2 Fishing2 Cutting

17、up meat and fish for cooking3 Cutting down trees3 Preparing skins to make clothes4 Hunting animals4 Preparing food5 Protecting the group from harm5 Looking after childrenNow look closely at the tasks above and discuss which adjectives best describe each of them.Give your reasons.caring affectionate

18、protective dangerous safe co-operative patient individual exhaustingMens tasks:Womens tasks:patient(tool making),dangerous(hunting),some individual(tool making and repairing)and some co-operative(hunting),skilful(tool making),protective(of group)affectionate(to group),co-operative(cooking),caring(pr

19、oviding food),patient(collecting food),skilful(cooking),individual(collecting nuts and fruit)Consider using the reading passage to find out:lWho works co-operatively and who does tasks alone;lWho does the most dangerous tasks;lWhere the danger comes from;lWhether the tasks are shared fairly between

20、men and women.Co-operative tasks:Individual tasks:Most dangerous tasks:men hunting animals;women doing cooking and preparing foodmen making or repairing tools;women collecting fruit and nutsmen hunting animalsWhere the danger comes from:Sharing of tasks:men and women had clearly divided tasks:fire a

21、nd collecting nuts needed to be done every day but killing animals would only be done now and then.So the womens tasks were continuous and the mens tasks were more periodic.wild animals living near the cavesLanguage pointsLanguage points1.If only it could be just like last year.要是能像去年那样就好了!If only 但

22、愿.;要是就好了。其后一般用虚拟语气。If only she had looked ahead and planned better.v.to express approval of(someone or something)especially by such clapping.赞赏,鼓掌向(某人或某物)表示赞赏,尤指鼓掌欢呼Everyone applauded when the play ended.演出结束时,大家都热烈鼓掌。I applaud your decision.我赞成你的决定。2.applaud:3.acceleratea.to increase the speed of 加

23、速,促进加快.的速度这部新车加速效能良好。The new car has goodacceleration.b.to cause to happen earlier(正式)催促他决定加快他的课程进度。He decided to accelerate his courses.to capture and hold briefly(the attention,for example);engage 引起注意吸引并短时间吸引住(如注意力);吸引花的艳丽色彩引起苏珊的注意。The bright colors of the flowers arrested Susans attention.4.arre

24、st:having a whirling sensation and a tendency to fall 眩晕的,眼花的感到眩晕并要摔倒的a dizzy height 令人晕眩的高度The old woman was dizzied by the strong wind.那位老太太被风吹得头昏眼花。The disaster dizzied his brain.那场灾难弄得他头脑昏乱。5.dizzy:6.relief 解脱的感觉I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.听说我已经通过了考试,感到轻松多了。Spea

25、king and WritingTask1:Look at these beautiful pictures.They were found during an excavation in the Sanxingdui Ruins.Suppose you work in a museum and your job is to describe the objects as they are brought to the museum.objectsizeshape appearancematerialObjectSizeShapeAppea-ranceMaterialtree395 cmtre

26、e with branches;fruit on each branchgood condi-tionbronzeObjectSizeShapeAppea-ranceMaterialmask adultstylized half-face;flat nose;curled hair growing from ears;eyes filled inGood condi-tionbronzeObjectSizeShapeAppea-rance Materialbirdnot knownrealistic bird with stylized wing that points up into the

27、 sky;maybe 3 feathersvery good condi-tionbronzeObjectSizeShapeAppea-rance Materialpotnot knowntall,thin body with fitted lid and handle;3 legs to stand onpoorcondi-tionclay Task2:In pairs discuss what these objects were possibly used for?All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdu

28、i and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.Then write a description for the guidebook of the Sanxingdui Ruins.You should include:l the name of the site where the four objects were found and their possible dates;l a description of each including appearance,shape and a guess about th

29、e material it was made of;l what each might have been used for;l what we can learn from these objects about the people who lived then.You may find the following expressions useful:It looks like How large do you think it is?It may/might have been used as/for It could be because It could be made from

30、It could be because Is there any on the?Is there anything to fix it to your face?What do you think the decoration is?Write a paragraph about each object in a formal style.When you have finished,exchange your writing with your partner and help each other by making useful suggestions on content,grammar,spelling and punctuation.Homework