高考英语二轮复习精品课件：定语从句1.ppt

1、定语从句1.关系代词、副词的选择2.非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句3.that 和 which 区别4.介词加关系代词的定语从句She is a beautiful girlShe is a girl who is beautiful.定义：修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。具有形容词性质。eg.Student who are interested in Chinese Literature may attend the lecture.He gave up the plan,which was a very good one.先行词(n./pron.)关系词从句定语从句=先行词+（关系词+

2、从句）关系词：1.分类：关系代词;关系副词2.作用：连接作用；替代作用；成分作用关系词先行词从句成分随堂练习关系代词who人主/宾1.Do you know the man _ is talking with your mother?2.Mr.Smith is the person with _I am working.3.The boy _she loved died in the war.4.I like those books _topics are about history.5.The boy _father works abroad is my deskmate.6.A plane

3、 is a machine _can fly.7.She is the pop star _I want to see very much.8.The book _ I gave you was worth$10.9.The picture _was about the accident was terrible.whom人宾语whose人/物定语that人/物主/宾which物主/宾who/thatwhomwho/whom/that/whosewhosethat/whichwho/whom/that/that/which/that/which关系词先行词从句成分随堂练习备 注关系副词When

4、时间时间状语1.I will never forget the day _we met there.2.This is the house _ I was born.3.I cant imagine the reason _he turned down my offer.可用on which Where地点地点状语可用in whichwhy原因（the reason）原因状语可用for whichwhenwherewhy1.I cant forget the day _ I joined the army._ I spent in the village.2.This is the house

5、 _ he once lived._ he bought last week.whenwhichwherewhich类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that 无that 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略当关系代词指代整个主句内容时。1.He was late again,which made his teacher very angry.只用非限制性定语从句的情况：当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时。2.

6、The moon,which is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth,goes around the earth.只用非限制性定语从句的情况：先行词是人名、地名、国名、建筑物等专有名词时。3.Yesterday he left America,where he had stayed for two years.只用非限制性定语从句的情况：1.This is all _ I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else _ you require?

7、A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.it4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.that C.it D.whom5.This is the very person _ Im waiting for.A.that B.which C.where D.in that6.Is oxygen th

8、e only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it7.Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you?A.that B.which C.where D.it 1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词2.先行词被all,little,few,much,every,no,the only,the very 等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best),

9、the last,the very,the only 等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用 who,which，而用 that。只用that的情况:that 与which 的区别1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.A.which B.that C.this D.it只用which的情况:1,逗号后面2,介词后面2.The day _ he was born was Aug.20,1952.A.on which B.that C

10、.which D.this 介词+关系代词提醒:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom;不可用that 或who 代替The man is from Beijing University.I talked about him at the meeting.The man(who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.Join them i

11、nto one sentence.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置Is this the book(which/that)you arelooking for?填空1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.2.The room _ my fami

12、ly live used to be a garage.3.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?4.Did you find the composition _ I wrotejust now?with whomin whichwith whichwhichWhose 用法及转换形式1.whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。3.whose的先行词指物时,可用of which代替,但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+n+of which =of which+the+n.He lives in the room whose windowfaces south.=He lives in the room,the window of whichfaces south.=He lives in the room,of which the window faces south.