上海市静安区市北中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）.docx

1、2021 学年高一第二学期英语学科期中考试试卷Part one： Grammar1. One of the men gave his opinion _ the book said was right.A. that whatB. thatC. whatD. whether【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句和主语从句。句意：其中一个人提出了他的意见，认为书中说的是对的。分析句子结构可知，“the book said”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此主语从句用what引导；“what the book said was right”位于抽象名词opinion后，说明opinion的具体内容

2、，因此是同位语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此同位语从句用that引导，因此空格处是that what。故选A。2. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：开了几小时的车后，他们来到他们认为是一直梦想的地方。reached是及物动词，后边接的是宾语从句，宾语从句除去插入语they thought后缺主语，所以应选what，表示“的

3、（地方等）”从句中作主语，that引导宾语从句，无词义，不作成分；where“在哪里”，是副词作地点状语；which“哪一个”，作定语。故选D。3. Many experts hold the view_ teacher development is_ the key to better education lies.A. which; whereB. that; in whichC. that; whereD. that; what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句和表语从句。句意：很多专家认为，老师的发展就是更好教育的关键所在。第一空是同位语从句，作view的同位语，对view进行解

4、释说明，从句不缺成分，表达完整的含义，应用从属连词that；第二空是表语从句，从句中缺少lie的状语，应用where。故选C。4. _in the regulations is that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：规定里面要求的是你们不能将邮箱密码告诉别人。regulation 后面的is 是这句话的谓语，所

5、以前面是句子的是主语，主语从句中缺少主语用what连接主语从句，C项没有用被动语态，CD项用的是形式主语it，那么句中多了一个is，故选A.5. The manager has decided to put _ he thinks is energetic, clever, and has a good sense of duty in the position of the leadership of the company.A. those whoB. anyoneC. whomeverD. whoever【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：经理决定让他认为精力充沛、聪明又有责任

6、感的人担任公司的领导。分析句子可知，“ (he thinks) is energetic, clever, and has a good sense of duty”是宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作主语；连接代词whoever引名词性从句，相当于anyone who，在从句中作主语，而连接代词whomever引导名词性从句时，在从句中作宾语。故选A项。6. His promotion was due to_ he had been working hard.A. thatB. whatC. the fact whichD. the fact that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意

7、：他的成功是由于这样的事实，他一直努力工作。分析可知，he had been working hard结构、意思都完整，所以其前应用丛书连词that；“due to”由于，to是介词，介词后不能直接跟that从句，所以此处that引导的从句为解释说明the fact的内容，为同位语从句。故选D。7. Do you know _.A. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD.

8、what the population of the world is【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：你知道世界人口是多少吗？分析句子可知，句中population表示“世界人口”时，指某一国家或地区的人口时，谓语动词要用单数is，且在对人口的数量进行提问时，只能说Whats the population，而不能用how many和how much修饰，因为这里的population相当于the number of people，所以在提问时要使用疑问词what。故选D项。8. The teacher reminded us _ of us left the office las

9、t should turn off the air conditioner and the lights.A. whateverB. whicheverC. whomeverD. whoever【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：老师提醒我们，无论谁最后一个离开办公室，都应该关掉空调和灯。remind后是宾语从句，从句中含有一个主语从句，A.whatever无论什么，作主语或宾语；B.whichever“的那个人事物”；C.whomever无论谁，作宾语；D.whoever 无论谁，作主语。whichever of us.“无论我们哪个人”引导主语从句。故选B。9. Air, or_

10、 is called the atmosphere, surrounds the whole world.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：空气，或所谓的大气，包围着整个世界。分析句子结构并根据并列连词or可知，设空处引导主语从句，与Air构成并列关系。连词在从句中作主语，需要使用连接代词what。故选C。10. The place _the bridge is supposed to be built should be _the cross river traffic is the heaviest.A. which；whe

11、reB. at which；whichC. at which；whereD. which；in which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：桥梁被建的对方应该是河流交叉的地方。本题第一空定语从句的先行词是the place，关系代词which指代先行词作为介词at的宾语，引导起定语从句at which the bridge is supposed to be built；第二空连接副词where引导表语从句，在句中作地点状语，语义上判断应该使用where表示“在对方”。故C正确。11. _ more countries can use natural energy in

12、the future remains to be seen.A. WhetherB. ThisC. WhoD. If【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：未来是否有更多的国家能够使用自然能源还有待观察。remain前是主语从句，根据“remains to be seen.”有待观察可知，前面是“是否做某事”，用whether引导主语从句。This这，是代词；Who谁；If如果，引导状语从句。故选A。12. Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A. thatB. whatC. itD.

13、which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：你为什么不让他知道你是因为太忙而无法做那件事呢？bring后缺宾语，由于宾语太长，为避免头重脚轻，这里用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语“that you are too busy to do it?”放在句子后面，故选C。13. _ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；

14、B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。14. Hes working hard for fear that he _.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：

15、他工作很努力，惟恐落后。在由“for fear that”引导的从句中，从句用“should+动词原形”。故选A项。15. He looked as if he _ ill for a long time.A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他看上去好像病了很长时间。根据句意及句中的looked可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D项。16. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A. areB. wereC. would

16、have beenD. would be【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。此处是省略if的混合条件句，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，从句：If+主语+had+done主句，主语+ should/would/might/could+do。故选D。【点睛】If引导虚拟语气：1.表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实

17、：我不可能是你）2.表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3.表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would

18、 talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）17. If only he_ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他按照医生的指示安静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。分析句子可知，“If only he_ quietly as the doctor instructed”为与过去事实相反的假设，应用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词为“had

19、+动词过去分词”，“lie”意为“躺”，动词词性，过去分词为“lain”，故空格处应填“had lain”。故选C项。18. Where have you been?I got caught in traffic; otherwise _ sooner.A. I would be hereB. I have been hereC. I had been hereD. I would have been here【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查含蓄条件句和虚拟语气。句意：你上哪儿去了？我遇上了交通堵塞；否则我早就来了。结合句意可知，“otherwise”相当于一个含蓄条件句，意思是“如果我没有遇上

20、交通堵塞”，是对过去事实的假设，主句中应用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。故选D项。19. I do not have a job. I would find one but I_ no time.A. hadB. didnt haveC. had hadD. have【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我没有工作。我会找一个，但我没有时间。由“I do not have a job”是一般现在时可知，说话人是现在没有工作，空格处描述现在的事情，因此时态用一般现在时，表示现在没有时间，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处是

21、动词原形，故选D。20. The workers requested that their working conditions_.A. must be improvedB. be improvedC. would be improvedD. were improved【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们要求改善他们的工作条件。根据题干中的requested可知，表示建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中应该用虚拟语气，所以此处应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，再分析句意应该用被动语态，所以用should be improved且should可以省略。故选B项。21.

22、 _ will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.A. At the same timeB. At no timeC. At a timeD. At that time【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语和部分倒装。句意：中国决不首先使用核武器。A. At the same time同时；B. At no time决不；C. At a time一次；D. At that time在那时。表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词放在句首时要部分倒装。此类副词或连词主要有no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, a

23、t no time, in no way, not onlybut also, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, not until等；分析句子可知，句中将助动词will置于主语China之前，使用了部分倒装，结合选项可推知，应填入表示否定的介词短语at no time，意为“决不”。故选B项。22. Nowhere else along the coast _ such shallow water so far from land.A. is thereB. there isC. it isD. is it【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：海岸上没有其他地方离陆

24、地如此之远的浅水区。根据句意， 此处表达“有”， 用there be结构。nowhere表否定，位于句首用部分倒装。故选A项。23. -“You ought to have given them some advice.”- “_, but who cared what I said?”A. So ought IB. So I oughtC. So I haveD. So I did【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定结构。句意：你本应该向他们征求意见的。的确如此。但是谁会在乎我的要求呢？固定结构：so+同一主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词；说明上文的情况属实；意为：的确如此。结合句意，此处表示

25、我给他们建议了。故D正确。24. _, he knows a lot of things.A. A child as he isB. Child as he isC. A child as is heD. Child as is he【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句和倒装。句意：虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多事情。as引导的让步状语从句需以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，且倒装时如若有带冠词的名词，冠词需要省去；结合选项，分析句子可知，句中使用了as引导的让步状语从句，应使用部分倒装，将作表语的名词child置于as之前，且省略冠词a。故选B项。25. So

26、 little_ with each other that the neighbouring countries could not settle their differences.A. they agreedB. agreed theyC. did they agreeD. they did agree【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：他们彼此意见不一致，以至于邻国无法解决他们分歧。在sothat句式中，如果so位于句首，主句中的主语和谓语需部分倒装。结合选项，分析句子可知，句中使用了sothat句型，且so little置于句首，所以其后主句使用部分倒装，将助动词did置于主

27、语they之前。故选C项。26. _ can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有努力工作，你才能期望得到加薪。A.With hard work通过努力工作；B.Although work hard尽管努力工作；C.Only with hard work只有努力工作；D.Now that he works hard既然他工作努力。题干中是“Only+状语(从

28、句）”放在句首，(主句）句中用部分倒装语序，题干中助动词can位于主语you前，是部分倒装，故选C。27. The bus hit against a tree in the fog and _to the deep valley，with ten passengers killed and twenty wounded.A. down did it rollB. down rolled itC. it down rolledD. down it rolled【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：公共汽车在大雾中撞到树上，滚到山谷里，10人死亡20人受伤。方位副词down放在句首的时候，

29、而且主语是名词的时候，要用完全倒装，把谓语提到主语前面，但这道题，的主语是it，所以down提到句首，后面不用倒装，故选D。28. Man may disappear_ other creatures who became too specialized to survive their environment.A. asB. just asC. as ifD. as have【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倒装语序。句意：人们可能会像其他太依赖于在它们自己的环境存活的生物一样消失。这里as引导方式状语从句，从句结构不完整，主语是other creatures（其它生物），后面的定语从句是修饰主

30、语的，other creatures缺失谓语动词，那么这里用到的就是倒装。正常语序应该是Other creatures who became too specialized to survive their environment have disappeared。（其他太依赖于在它们自己的环境存活的生物已经消失了。），这里把have提前，因为和前面的句子有同样的谓语动词，所以进行了省略，避免重复，故选D。Part two : vocabularyDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.

31、Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. suitable B. unfortunately C. worsen D. afford E. risk F. expensiveG. ideally H. provide I. solution J. remain K. concernIn recent weeks, many parents have realized the difficult truth about school this fall because of

32、 COVID-19. Hoping for a better _29_, parents around U.S. have started organizing “pandemic (流行病) pods”, or home schooling pods, for the fall, in which groups of 3 to 10 students learn together in homes under the guidance of the childrens parents or a hired teacher.For parents who can organize and _3

33、0_ them, pods seem like an easy choice. “I dont believe that the online courses for that age group are _31_. Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习).” one parent said.These pods could _32_ families with a schooling choice that feels safeyet also allows kids to have fu

34、n and build social skills. However, it also has unavoidable shortcomings.Depending on how the pods are set up, they may offer parents break. But given that pods can be _33_, complicated to organize and self-selecting, it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, experts say, and

35、 may _34_ educational inequality.Another _35_ about pods is that families may not know how to minimize Covid risks. Pods shouldnt have more than five kids _36_, said Saskia Popescu, an infection prevention expert. When you add together the teacher and all of the kids family members, a seemingly smal

36、l pod ends up including dozens of people, and the more people in it, the greater the _37_ for coronavirus exposure (接触). Furthermore, families in learning pods shouldnt socialize with people outside the pod unless they wear masks and _38_ socially distant, Dr. Popescu said. Pods should have clear ru

37、les on wearing masks and washing hands.【答案】29. I. solution 30. D. afford 31. A. suitable 32. H. provide 33. F. expensive 34. C. worsen 35. K. concern 36. G. ideally 37. E. risk 38. J. remain【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠肺炎流行期间，一些家长建立学习小组，组织孩子在家接受教育。同时这种模式也带来了一些问题。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始建立

38、学习小组，为秋季做准备。在小屋里，让3到10个学生在孩子的父母或者雇佣的老师的指导下在家里一起学习。根据空格前的不定冠词a，可知此处为名词，根据“parents around U.S. have started organizing “pandemic (流行病) pods”, or home schooling pods”可知，为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始组织“流行病小屋”，或者家庭教育小屋，所以此处表达solution“方法”为可数名词，a better solution作介词for的宾语。故填I项。【30题详解】考查动词。句意：对于那些能够组织起来并负担得起的父母

39、来说，学习小组似乎是一个简单的选择。分析句子可知，空格处和organize并列，需填动词，afford“负担得起”为动词，符合句意。故选D项。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。分析句子可知，空格处为动词be的表语，根据“Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习).” one parent said.”可知，网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。所以此处用suitable“合适的”为形容词，作表语。故选A项。32题详解】考查动词。句意：这些学习小组可以为家

40、庭提供安全的教育选择同时也让孩子们玩得开心，培养社交技能。情态动词could后接动词原形，provide“提供”为动词，provide sb with sth，提供给某人某物，和could一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选H项。【33题详解】考查形容词。句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。动词be后需要接表语，expensive“昂贵的”为形容词，作表语，符合句意。故选F项。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：同5题。情态动词may后需要接动词原形，根据“it is possible that they are most

41、popular among wealthy families, ”可知，加剧了教育的不平等。所以worsen“使更糟糕”为动词，和may一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词。句意：关于学习小组教育的另一个担忧是，家庭可能不知道如何最小化新冠肺炎的风险。another“又一；另一”此处为形容词，后面需要接名词，concern “担忧”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：传染病预防专家Saskia Popescu,说，小屋最好不要超过五个孩子。ideally“理想地；最好地”为副词，修饰整句，符合句意。故选G项。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：当你把老师

42、和所有孩子的家庭成员加在一起，一个看起来很小的学习小组最终包含了几十个人，而且里面的人越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。根据定冠词the可知空格处为名词，根据“the more people in it”可知，越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。risk“风险”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：此外，Dr. Popescu说，在学习小组的家庭不应该与屋外的人交往，除非他们戴上面具，并保持社交距离。根据连词and可知空格处与前文wear masks并列，应填动词。remain“保持”为系动词，remain socially distant意为“保持社交距离”，符合句意。故选J项

43、。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In 1965, 17-year-old high school student Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours to see

44、 how hed cope without sleep. On the second day, his eyes stopped focusing. Next, he lost the ability to _39_ objects by touch. By day three, Gardner was moody and uncoordinated. At the end of the experiment, he was _40_ to concentrate, had trouble with short-term memory and started hallucinating(出现幻

45、觉). Although Gardner recovered without long-term psychological or physical _41_, for others, sleeplessness can result in hormone(激素) imbalance, illness, and even death.Sleep is _42_. Adults need 7 to 8 hours of sleep at night, and adolescents need about 10. In the United States, its estimated that 3

46、0% of adults and 66% of adolescents are _43_ sleep deprived. When we lose sleep, learning, memory, mood, and reaction time are affected. Sleeplessness may also cause inflammation, hallucinations, high blood pressure, and its even been _44_ to diabetes and obesity.How can sleep _45_ cause such enormo

47、us suffering? Scientists think the answer lies with the _46_ of waste products in the brain. During our waking hours, our cells are busy using up our days energy sources with get broken down into various by-products, including adenosine(腺苷酸). As adenosine builds up, it increases the _47_ to sleep, a

48、lso known as sleep pressure. In fact, caffeine works by _48_ adenosines receptor pathways. Other waste products also build up in the brain, and if theyre not cleared away, they collectively _49_ the brain and are thought to lead to the many negative symptoms of sleep deprivation.So, whats happening

49、in our brain when we sleep, to prevent this? Scientists found something called the Lymphatic System, a clean-up mechanism(机能) that removes this build up and is much more _50_ when were asleep. It works by using cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊髓液) to flush away toxic by-products that accumulate between cells.

50、Lymphatic vessels, which _51_ pathways for immune cells have recently been discovered in the brain, and they may also play a role in _52_ the brains daily waste products. While scientists continue exploring the restorative mechanisms behind sleep, we can be sure that sleeping is a(n) _53_ if we want

51、 to maintain our health and our sanity.39. A. produceB. identifyC. moveD. discover40. A. balancingB. remindedC. strugglingD. intended41. A. abilityB. outcomeC. responseD. damage42. A. essentialB. healthyC. investigatedD. neglected43. A. scarcelyB. temporarilyC. regularlyD. hopefully44. A. occurredB.

52、 linkedC. increasedD. developed45. A. deprivationB. sufficiencyC. absenceD. pressure46. A. accumulationB. discoveryC. resourceD. prevention47. A. symptomB. powerC. difficultyD. urge48. A. clearingB. blockingC. holdingD. assisting49. A. overloadB. polluteC. protectD. explore50. A. harmfulB. activeC.

53、tenseD. necessary51. A. serve asB. block upC. tear downD. point to52. A. analyzingB. removingC. followingD. dividing53. A. systemB. priorityC. opportunityD. necessity【答案】39. B 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍睡眠不足会严重危害身体及其原因。【39题详解

54、】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来，他失去了通过触摸识别物体的能力。A. produce生产；B. identify识别；C. move移动；D. discover发现。根据空后的“objects by touch”可知，他失去了通过触摸来识别物体的能力，故B项正确。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：实验结束时，他很难集中注意力，短期记忆出现问题，开始产生幻觉。A. balancing平衡；B. reminded提醒；C. struggling费力、挣扎；D. intended打算。空后说他短期记忆出现问题，并且开始出现幻觉，因此此处说他很难集中注意力，故C项正确。【41题详解】考查名词词义

55、辨析。句意：虽然加德纳康复后没有表现出长期的心理或生理损伤，但对其他人来说，失眠会导致荷尔蒙失调、疾病，甚至死亡。A. ability能力；B. outcome结果；C. response反应；D. damage损害。空后说对有些人来说，睡眠不足可能会导致荷尔蒙失调、疾病，并且在极端情况下死亡，再结合表示让步的Although可知，加德纳康复后没有表现出长期的心理或生理损伤，故D项正确。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：睡眠是必不可少的。A. essential必不可少的；B. healthy健康的；C. investigated调查的；D. neglected被根据上下文，本句的意思忽

56、视的。空后说成年人晚上需要7到8小时的睡眠，而青少年则需要10个小时左右的睡眠，因此睡眠是必不可少的，故A项正确。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在美国，据统计，30的成人和66的青少年经常睡眠不足。A. scarcely几乎不；B. temporarily临时地；C. regularly有规律地、经常地；D. hopefully有希望地。本文主要讨论的就是睡眠不足问题，睡眠不足已经成为一种普遍现象，因此此处是说30的成人和66的青少年经常睡眠不足，故C项正确。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：失眠也可引起炎症、幻觉、高血压，它甚至被认为与糖尿病和肥胖症有关。A. occurred发

57、生；B. linked联系；C. increased增加；D. developed发展。根据常识可知，失眠与糖尿病和肥胖症有关，故B项正确。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡眠不足为何能引起如此巨大的痛苦？A. deprivation匮乏；B. sufficiency充足；C. absence缺席；D. pressure压力。本文主要介绍的就是睡眠不足的危害，因此此处指“睡眠不足”，故A项正确。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家认为，答案在于大脑中废物的积聚。A. accumulation累积、积聚；B. discovery发现；C. resource资源；D. prevent

58、ion预防。下文说其他废物也在脑中积聚，如果不将其清理掉而共同使大脑超负荷，这被认为是导致睡眠不足的诸多不良症状的原因因，此科学家认为答案在于大脑中废物的积聚，故A项正确。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着腺苷的积聚，它增加了睡眠的冲动，也被称为睡眠压力。A. symptom症状；B. power力量；C. difficulty困难；D. urge冲动、强烈的欲望。根据空后的“to sleep, also known as sleep pressure.”可知，腺苷的积聚增加了睡眠的冲动，这种冲动也被称为睡眠压力，故D项正确。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，咖啡因通过阻断

59、腺苷的受体途径起作用。A. clearing清除；B. blocking阻碍、阻断；C. holding保持；D. assisting帮助。上文说腺苷的积聚增加了冲动睡眠的冲动，因此咖啡因是通过阻断腺苷的受体途径来起到提神的作用，故B项正确。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他废物也在脑中积聚，如果不将其清理掉而共同使大脑超负荷，这被认为是导致睡眠不足的诸多不良症状的原因。A. overload使负担过重、超负荷；B. pollute污染；C. protect保护；D. explore探索。这么多的废物在在脑中积聚，得不到清理的话会让大脑超负荷，故A项正确。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨

60、析。句意：科学家发现淋巴系统，一个清理机制，能消除这种堆积并且当我们睡着时更加活跃。A. harmful有害的；B. active活跃的；C. tense紧张的；D. necessary必要的。根据空前的“the Lymphatic System, a clean-up mechanism(机能) that removes this build up and is much”可知， 这个能清除废物堆积的清理机制在我们睡着的时候更加活跃，故B项正确。【51题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最近发现淋巴管，作为免疫细胞的通路，也可能在清除大脑日常废物方面发挥作用。A. serve as充当、起的

61、作用；B. block up阻碍；C. tear down拆除；D. point to指向。根据空后的“pathways for immune cells”可知，淋巴管充当免疫细胞的通路，故A项正确。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. analyzing分析；B. removing清除；C. following跟随；D. dividing分开。空前说淋巴管充当免疫细胞的通路，它们也可能清理出大脑的日常废物，故B项正确。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管科学家还在继续探索人睡着后的修复机制，我们可以肯定的是如果我们要保持健康的身心，良好的睡眠是非常必要的。A. system系

62、统；B. priority优先；C. opportunity机会；D. necessity必要。根据常识可知，良好的睡眠对保持身心健康是非常必要的，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第10空难度较大，对上文的理解是关键，根据上文中的“As adenosine builds up, it increases the _9_ to sleep, also known as sleep pressure.”可知，随着腺苷的积聚，它增加了睡眠的冲动，也被称为睡眠压力，因此咖啡因是通过阻断腺苷的受体途径来起到提神作用的，故B项blocking正确。Section BDirections: Read the fol

63、lowing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.APaul received a car from his brother as a C

64、hristmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a boy was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it.“Is this your car, mister？” he said.Paul nodded. “My brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was astounded. “You mean your brother gave it to you and it didnt cost you a

65、nything? Oh, I wish”He hesitated.Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said shocked Paul all the way down to his heels.“I wish.” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.”Paul looked at the boy in astonishment

66、, and then impulsively （冲动地） he added, “Would you like to take a ride in my car?”“Oh. yes, Id love that.”After a short ride, the boy turned to Paul and said. “Mister, would you mind driving to my house？”Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He waned to show his neighbours tha

67、t he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy askedHe ran up the steps. In a little while he came back. carrying his little disabled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step. and pointed to the car.“Buddy just like I told you upsta

68、irs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didnt cost him a cent. And some day Im going to give you one just like it. then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about.”Paul got out and lifted the boy into the front seat of

69、his car. The older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride. That Christmas Eve. Paul learned what Jesus meant when he said. “It is more blessed to give than to receive.”54. The boy wishes that_.A. he could own a shiny new car one dayB. his brother would giv

70、e him a car as a presentC. he could buy a car for his disabled brotherD. Paul would give him the car55. Why did the boy ask Paul to drive him home?A. To show his neighbors he could ride home in a big car.B. To get home early and tell his brother his exciting experience.C. To show his brother the pos

71、sibility of getting a car from him as a present.D. To fully enjoy the comfort and convenience of owning a car56. Why did the boy wish that he could be that brother?A. Because he hopes to be a rich man and live a luxurious life.B. Because he wants his brother to see the outside world with his own eye

72、s.C. Because he wishes to have a healthy brother like Paul.D. Because he expects his brother to be envied by others.57. From the last sentence, we can infer （推断） that Paul_.A. felt happy to offer the rideB. regretted accepting the carC. would buy his brother some presentsD. would love Jesus more【答案】

73、54. C 55. C 56. B 57. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Paul从哥哥那里收到了一辆汽车作为生日礼物，街上一位顽童看了之后，要求Paul把车开到他家门前，然后，顽童把他残疾的弟弟报出来，告诉他以后我要给你买一辆这样的车，作为礼物送给你。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中And some day Im going to give you one just like it. then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been t

74、rying to tell you about.（总有一天，我也会送你一样的礼物这样你就能亲眼看到我一直想告诉你的那些圣诞节橱窗里的漂亮东西了。）可知这个男孩希望他能给他残疾的弟弟买一辆车。故选C。【55题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段He ran up the steps. In a little while he came back. carrying his little disabled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step. and pointed to the car.（他跑上台阶。过了一会儿，他回来了。抱着他残疾的弟弟。他让他坐

75、在最下面的台阶上，指着那辆车。）以及倒数第二段And some day Im going to give you one just like it. then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about.（总有一天，我也会送你一样的礼物这样你就能亲眼看到我一直想告诉你的那些圣诞节橱窗里的漂亮东西了。）可知这个男孩让保罗开车送他回家，是为了让他弟弟知道他以后会给他买一辆作为礼物。故选C。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数

76、第二段中And some day Im going to give you one just like it. then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about.（总有一天我会给你一个像这样的然后你就可以亲眼看到我一直想告诉你的那些圣诞橱窗里的漂亮东西了。）可知这个男孩希望他能成为Paul那样的哥哥，因为他想让他的弟弟用自己的眼睛看外面的世界。故选B。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Paul got out

77、 and lifted the boy into the front seat of his car. The older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride.（保罗下了车，把男孩抱到汽车的前座上。哥哥爬进车里，坐在他旁边，他们三个开始了一次难忘的假日骑行。）可知保罗很乐意让这对兄弟搭车。故选A。BFor years, the Empire State Building in New York was recognized as the tallest buildi

78、ng in the world, but in recent decades, many much higher structures have been built. Read on to learn more about four of the tallest skyscrapers existing today. Buri KhalifaBuri Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is currently the tallest building in the world. The tower is part of a new develop

79、ment built on a man-made lake. Burj Khalifa has a distinctive shape so that the windows look out onto the Persian Gulf. A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is an observation deck on the 124th floor. The top floor is home to a private VIP club, closed to anyone except members. Shangh

80、ai World Financial CentreThis skyscraper has the highest observation deck in the world, although the building itself is no longer the tallest. Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. The most distinctive feature in its

81、 design is the geometric opening at the top of the tower. International Commerce CentreThis skyscraper in Hong Kong stands on top of Kowloon Station, which gave its name to the original proposal for the building. The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buil

82、dings from being taller than the surrounding mountains. A five-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor. Petronas TowerThese towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are the tallest

83、 twin buildings in the world. They were built on the site of the citys horse-racing tracking and an exclusive shopping centre is located at the base. The towers are connected by a sky bridge on the 41st and 42nd floors, which is the highest two-storey bridge in the world. It is open to the public, b

84、ut only a limited number of free tickets are given out each day, and visitors are allowed no more than ten minutes on the bridge.58. In which two buildings can you book a room?A. Buri Khalifa and Shanghai World Financial Centre.B. International Commerce Centre and Petronas Towers.C. Burj Khalifa and

85、 International Commerce Centre.D. Petronas Towers and Burj Khalifa.59. _ is/are shorter than it/they was/were designed to be.A. Burj KhalifaB. Shanghai World Financial CentreC. Petronas TowersD. International Commerce Centre60. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. S

86、hanghai World Financial Centre took longer to complete than planned.B. Visitors have to pay to stay on the two-storey bridge in Petronas Towers.C. International Commerce Centre is named after its investor.D. The top floor of Buri Khalifa is accessible to everyone.【答案】58. C 59. D 60. A【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文

87、。短文介绍了现存的四座最高的摩天大楼。【详解】1.细节理解题。本题干的关键词“book a room”，根据第一个黑体字“Buri Khalifa”哈利法塔，结合下文中的“A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is an observation deck on the 124th floor. ”一家有304个房间的酒店位于较低的楼层，124楼有一个观景台。可知，在哈利法塔的较低楼层有一家拥有304个房间的酒店，这里你可以预订房间；结合“ International Commerce Centre”环球贸易广场，下文中“A f

88、ive-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor.”一家五星级酒店占据了大楼的最高十五层。100楼有一个观景台，101楼有几家五星级餐厅。可知，环球贸易广场有一座五星级酒店，综上，可以预定房间的地方是Buri Khalifa和International Commerce Centre。选项C符合文意。故选C

89、。2.细节理解题。根据第三个黑体字“International Commerce Centre”下中的“The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buildings from being taller than the surrounding mountains.”由于规定不允许建筑物高于周围的群山，这座大楼没有以前设计的那么高。据此可知，International Commerce Centre比设计的高度要低，选项D符合文意。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据第二个黑体字“

90、Shanghai World Financial Centre”中的“Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. ”由于亚洲金融危机，建筑工程在1998年至2003年间停工，但最终在2008年竣工。据此可知，上海环球金融中心的建筑工程因为金融危机停了5年，竣工时间最终在2008年完成。这比原预定的时间要晚，也就是比计划完成的时间长。选项A符合文意。根据最后一段中“ The towers are c

91、onnected by a sky bridge on the 41st and 42nd floors, which is the highest two-storey bridge in the world. It is open to the public, but only a limited number of free tickets are given out each day, and visitors are allowed no more than ten minutes on the bridge.”塔楼由41楼和42楼的空中桥连接，这是世界上最高的两层桥。它对公众开放，

92、但每天只发放有限的免费门票，游客在桥上的停留时间不得超过10分钟。据此可知，参观两层桥时，游客可持有限的免费门票，在桥上的停留时间不得超过10分钟。选项B和文意不符；结合第四段中“This skyscraper in Hong Kong stands on top of Kowloon Station, which gave its name to the original proposal for the building. ”这座香港的摩天大楼（环球贸易广场）坐落在九龙站的顶端，九龙站就是以它的名字命名的。讲述了九龙站的名字的来历，选项C提到说环球贸易广场是以其投资者命名的。文中并未提及；

93、结合第一个黑体字“Buri Khalifa”中“The top floor is home to a private VIP club, closed to anyone except members.”顶层是私人贵宾俱乐部所在地，除了会员，不对任何人开放。选项D说哈利法塔的顶层对所有人开放和文意不符。故选A。C.Much discussed and rarely achieved in full, work-life balance is an elusive prize in modern professional culture. While it can depend greatly

94、on the priorities and values of an individual and their manager, some jobs provide strong opportunities for those looking to combine a fulfilling career with a thriving personal life.“Work-life balance is not a situation anymore where youre at work and then youre at home, its more this balancing bet

95、ween the two,” said Lauren Griffin, senior vice president of Adecco Staffing U.S.Topping the list of jobs that provide strong work-life balance is data scientist. According to IBM, “A data scientist represents an evolution from the business or data analyst role.” IBM notes that while the formal trai

96、ning in computer science and applications, modeling, statistics, analytics and math for these jobs is similar, “What sets the data scientist apart is strong business acumen, coupled with the ability to communicate findings to both business and IT leaders in a way that can influence how an organizati

97、on approaches a business challenge.”Stan Ahalt, director of the Renaissance Computing Institute at UNC Chapel Hill, said that the strong demand for data scientists, coupled with the anemic supply of these professionals currently available in talent pipelines, is likely creating a situation where com

98、panies will go above and beyond to attract the right talent.“The demand for people who are able to analyze massive amounts of data and extract actionable decisions has really blossomed,” said Ahalt. “The people who are being hired are being highly sought-after, so I suspect theyre getting relatively

99、 good offers, and offers that include flexibility in their hours and locations simply because there are many more jobs than there are people.”The list is also diverse and representative of a broad spectrum of occupations, with part-time and seasonal jobs like lifeguard and substitute teacher holding

100、 spots, as well as corporate jobs and skilled trades.And for job-seekers or those planning a career change who want to prioritize work-life balance in their next role, Griffin said the most important step is identifying your greatest personal commitment so you can target a job thats accommodating by

101、 nature, or an employer that will work with you to reach a solution.“You need to define whats non-negotiable for you,” said Griffin. “Whats that specific thing that you know you need some balance for, is it dropping your kids off, or taking your mother to a doctors appointment twice a month? What ar

102、e those key points for you? Because then you can have a more open conversation with your employer.”61. A job of work-life balance is suitable for those _.A. who gain a prize in professional cultureB. whose managers care about their priorities and valuesC. who expect satisfaction from both career and

103、 personal lifeD. who prefer to work anytime and anywhere at their wills62. These jobs in the third paragraph indicate jobs _.A. in the list which provide strong life-work balanceB. of the data scientists, the business analyst and the data analystC. that require strong business sense and communicatio

104、n skillsD. that influence new business challenge of an organization63. Data scientists are people who _.A. are professionals likely to create a new situation in talent pipelinesB. can analyze massive amounts of data and extra actionable decisionsC. have relatively good offers including flexibility i

105、n their hours and locationsD. are more demanded than part-time lifeguards and substitute teachers64. For job-seekers who want to highlight work life balance, they _.A. must be very committed to the targeted job personallyB. have to support employers decisions without negotiationC. should first decid

106、e what the balance is needed forD. should drop kids off on time and take care of mothers【答案】61. C 62. B 63. B 64. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些希望将充实的职业生涯和欣欣向荣的个人生活结合起来的人工作。【61题详解】推断判断题。根据第一段中While it can depend greatly on the priorities and values of an individual and their manager, some jobs provide str

107、ong opportunities for those looking to combine a fulfilling career with a thriving personal life.可知，虽然它在很大程度上取决于个人和他们的经理的优先级和价值观，但有些工作为那些希望将充实的职业生涯和欣欣向荣的个人生活结合起来的人提供了强大的机会。由此可知，工作与生活平衡的工作适合那些希望从事业和个人生活中得到满足的人。故选C项。【62题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中提到 According to IBM, “A data scientist represents an evolution from

108、 the business or data analyst role.” IBM notes that while the formal training in computer science and applications, modeling, statistics, analytics and math for these jobs is similar, 可知，根据IBM的说法，“数据科学家代表了业务或数据分析师角色的演进。”IBM指出，虽然这些工作在计算机科学和应用、建模、统计、分析和数学方面的正规培训是类似的。由此可知，these jobs(这些工作)就是指：数据科学家，业务分析

109、师和数据分析师。故选B项。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The demand for people who are able to analyze massive amounts of data and extract actionable decisions has really blossomed,” said Ahalt.可知，阿豪特说：“对那些能够分析大量数据并做出可操作决策的人的需求真的增长了。”由此可知，数据科学家（data scientist）是能够分析大量数据和额外可操作决策的人。故选B项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Whats that specifi

110、c thing that you know you need some balance for, is it dropping your kids off, or taking your mother to a doctors appointment twice a month? What are those key points for you?可知，你知道你需要平衡的具体事情是什么，是送孩子回家，还是一个月带你妈妈去看两次医生？这些关键点是什么？由此可知，对于那些想要强调工作和生活的平衡的求职者来说，他们首先应该决定平衡是为了什么。故选C项。Directions: Read the fol

111、lowing passage and fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used on

112、ly once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apples today?” Effie asked cheerfully at my window. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo. On credit, of course. Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just then. _65_All pretense （借口） of payment was dropped when our fu

113、nds, food and funds decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often, always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood. There were other generosities. _66_Effie was not a rich woman. Her income, derived from investments she had made while running an interior decorating shop. had never exceed

114、ed $200 a month, which she supplemented by selling her apples. But she always managed to help someone poorer.Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time. She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year. “Here, darling,” I said, “is what l owe you.”_6

115、7_“Give it back as I gave it to you-a little at a time” I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie, for she died a few weeks later. By now, the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times. B

116、ut a curious thing began to happen.Whenever I saw a fellow human in financial trouble, I was moved to help him. I cant afford to do this always, but in the ten years since Effies death, I have indirectly repaid my debt to her._68_ At that time, it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled. So t

117、he account can never be marked closed. for Effies love will go on in hearts that have never known her. A. Our baby was not doing well, so Effie financed my wifes trip to New York for consultation with a specialist.B. Give your help to those in greater need.C. The oddest part of the whole affair is t

118、hat people whom I help often help others later on.D. Effie work diligently all her life.E. “Pay me whenever you like,” said Effie, climbing back into her truck.F. “Dont give it to me all at once,” she said.【答案】65. E 66. A 67. F 68. C【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了我们一家一直受到Effie的慷慨相助，而在她死后我也一直帮助别人的，同

119、样的，这种善心被传递了下去。【65题详解】根据上文On credit, of course. Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just then.（当然是赊帐。现金是我当时在这个世界上唯一缺少的东西。）可知作者没有现金，只能赊账，故可推测下文Effie 想要帮助作者因此告诉作者想什么时候给钱就什么时候给吧。故选E。【66题详解】根据前文Effie came often，always bringing some gift：a jar of peaches or some firewoodThere were other generosit

120、ies.可知Effie很慷慨，经常帮助作者和妻子，就连他们的孩子生病Effie也资助我的妻子前往纽约找专家咨询。故选A。【67题详解】根据后文Give it back as I gave it to you-a little at a time.（把它还给我，就像我一次给你一点一样。）可知她不希望我一下子把钱给她，希望我一点点还给她。故选F。【68题详解】根据后文At that time，it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettledSo the account can never be marked closed.（那时，我的债务似乎永远得

121、不到偿还。所以账户永远不会被关闭。）可知我帮助过的人也总是会去帮助别人；所以C选项是正确的。第二卷Part four: Blank filling:69. After _ (seat) on the sofa, he lit a cigar. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】being seated【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：在沙发上坐下后，他点燃了一支雪茄。After后跟动名词作宾语，“坐”是be seat，因此空格处是being seated。故填being seated。70. He got to the airport only _ (find) his plane had ta

122、ken off. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】to find【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他到机场时才发现他的飞机已经起飞了。only to find是动词不定式作结果状语，表示一种出人意料的结果。故填to find。71. It happened _ (rain) heavily when I got off the train. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】to rain【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我下火车时，碰巧雨下得很大。happen to do sth.碰巧做某事。根据句意，故填to rain。72. _ (surround) for a week, the

123、y were short of food and water. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】Surrounded【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们被包围了一个星期，缺少食物和水。分析句子可知，句子中were是谓语动词，因此surround为非谓语动词 ，在句子中作状语。与句子的主语they是被动关系，应使用过去分词。因为位于句子的句首，应注意首字母大写。故填Surrounded。73. Tom felt happy to hear his friend _ (praise) (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】praised【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到他的朋友受到表扬，汤

124、姆感到很高兴。分析句子可知，提示词作hear后宾语his friend的补足语，是非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语his friend之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词praised表示被动。故填praised。Part five: Translation:74. 这些年，他一直与我们保持着密切的联系。（maintain）（汉译英）【答案】Over the years, he has maintained close contact with us.【解析】【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“这些年”应用短语over the years，作时间状语；表示“一直保持着”动词为has maintained，

125、动词用现在完成时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式；表示“密切的联系”名词为close contact，close为形容词，作前置定语。表达“和我们”用介词短语with us。故翻译为Over the years, he has maintained close contact with us.75. 随着人口的增长，我们可以庆祝的不是人类的相似之处，而是人类美妙的差异。(notbut) （汉译英）【答案】As the population grows, we can celebrate not our human similarities, but our wonderful differen

126、ces.【解析】【详解】考查状语从句和并列连词。分析原文，“随着人口的增长”是时间状语从句，可用连词as引导该从句，“人口”是主语，用the population表示，表示总人口，谓语动词用单数，“增长”是谓语动词，用grow表示，描述客观事实，用一般现在时第三人称单数形式grows；“我们可以庆祝的不是人类的相似之处，而是人类美妙的差异”是主句，“我们”是主语，用we表示，“可以庆祝”是谓语动词，用can celebrate表示，“人类的相似之处”和“人类美妙的差异”是宾语，分别用词组our human similaritiest和our wonderful differences表示，“不

127、是而是” 用并列连词notbut表示，连接两个宾语。综上，全句译为：As the population grows, we can celebrate not our human similarities, but our wonderful differences.76. 新闻是关于现在正在发生的事情，所以好的记者总是紧跟时事。(keep up with) （汉译英）【答案】News is about whats happening right now, so good journalists are always keeping up with current events.【解析】【详解

128、】考查现在进行时和宾语从句。表示“新闻”应使用News；表示“关于”应使用be about；表示“正在发生”应使用be happening；表示“正在”应使用right now；由此句子中包含“be是”以及“is happening发生”两个谓语动词，应使用主从句结构；主语News是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式；主句使用一般现在时，从句使用现在进行时。表示“所以”应使用so；表示“好的记者”应使用good journalists；表示“总是”应使用always；表示“紧跟着”应使用keep up with；用现在进行时与always连用，可表示说话人强烈的感情色彩。故翻译成：News i

129、s about whats happening right now, so good journalists are always keeping up with current events.77. 由于缺乏锻炼，大多数青少年觉得平均每 4 分钟跑 1 公里非常困难。（run）（汉译英）【答案】Due to lack of exercise, most teenagers think it very difficult to run 1km every four minutes on average.【解析】【详解】考查动词、短语、形容词和名词。表示“由于”应用短语due to，to为介词，

130、后接名词作宾语；表示“缺乏锻炼”短语为lack of exercise，名词exercise作介词of的宾语；表示“大多数青少年”短语为most teenagers； 表示“平均每4分钟跑1公里”短语为1km every four minutes on average，其中on average平均，为介词短语；表示“跑步”应用动词run；think it very difficult to run中的“it”作形式宾语，to run为真正宾语；故翻译为Due to lack of exercise, most teenagers think it very difficult to run 1km every four minutes on average.