2021-2022学年新教材人教英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 泛读.doc

1、阅读P89教材课文，选择最佳答案1When did the first Time Machine begin its career?AAt 10：00.BAt 10：15.CAt 3：30. DAt 5：30.2What happened when the writer pushed the lever forwards?AHe had to draw a deep breath.BThe lab began to become hazy.CHis niece suddenly appeared.DNight disappeared forever.3How did the writer fe

2、el about time travelling?AExcited. BUnpleasant.CDisappointed. DInterested.4Why was the writer thrown through the air?ABecause he had a strong urge to look at the random things.BBecause he forgot the risk of stopping the Time Machine.CBecause he would like to travel at maximum speed.DBecause he pulle

3、d the lever backwards too hard.答案14ABBDWords and Phrases superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的教材原句P6 In scifi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更高级，并接管一切。例1 Youre a very superior young woman.你是一个非常优秀的年轻女性。例2Team 1 was superior in number to Team 2.第一组在数量上超过了第二组。造句这些新产品远

4、远优于老产品。The new products are far superior to the old ones. 知识拓展superior to比更好；更胜一筹be superior in 在方面优越be superior to 胜过；比好；不为所动/屈服rise superior to 超越；不为所影响即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The microwave is vastly superior in design to all other models.She felt socially superior to most of her neighbours.A man with a st

5、rong will may rise superior to temptation.意志坚强的人可以不为诱惑所动。 conflict with与冲突或抵触教材原句P7 A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这种命令与第一定律相冲突。例1 He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with mine.他对自己的观点坚定不移，而

6、这些观点通常和我的相冲突。例2The two reports of what had happened conflicted with each other.关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。造句这次陈述与他们上个月的陈述相矛盾。This statement conflicted with the one they made last month.知识拓展in conflict with 与冲突/与矛盾come into conflict with 与冲突/与矛盾即学即练一句多译He is so cautious that he tries not to conflict with his w

7、ife.He is so cautious that he tries not to come into conflict with his wife. He is so cautious that he tries not to be in conflict with his wife.他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。 turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是教材原句P8 Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.黑夜来临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，又过了一会儿，白天来

8、临了。例1 The captain turned out the “no smoking” signs.队长把“禁止吸烟”的标志牌都翻了过来。例2 He said he was a doctor，but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。造句你离开教室时别忘了关灯。Dont forget to turn out the light when you leave the classroom. 知识拓展turn to 转向；求助于turn in 上交turn off 关掉turn on 打开turn down 关小；调低；拒绝t

9、urn up 出现；到场；出席；出来；来到；调大(声音、火等)即学即练单句语法填空When Jack turns up，please turn up the radio，for he is a little deaf.Please turn to me for help when you are in trouble.She has turned down an invitation to visit that country. fall away(逐渐)减少；消失教材原句P8 As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell aw

10、ay，and I was left in the open air.当我的速度加快时，实验室的墙壁消失了，我已经进入了旷野。例1 I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river，far below me.我看到地面陷落到河里面去了，在我脚下很深的地方。例2 Youd scarcely believe anybody could fall away so rapidly.你简直难以相信一个人会消瘦得这么快。造句他的老朋友全都离开了他。All his old friends fell away from him.知识拓展fall apart结

11、束；分裂；解体；崩溃fall back 后退；倒退fall behind 落后(于对手)fall down 表现不足(或有误)；失败即学即练完成句子Angie fell apart because she had lost everything.安吉崩溃了，因为她失去了一切。He fell behind when we were climbing the mountain.我们爬山时，他掉队了。The deal fell down partly because there were a lot of unanswered questions.交易失败，部分原因是有太多没有解答的问题。 urge

12、 n强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐教材原句P8 I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些在我眼前闪现的随机的东西。例1 She urged me into going to see him immediately.她劝我立即去看他。例2 We all urged him to go ahead with his plan.我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。造句你的进步会促进我们努力学习。Your progress will ur

13、ge us to work hard.知识拓展(1)urge sth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sb.into doing sth. 催促/力劝某人做某事urge that.(should) 动词原形 催促；极力主张It is urged that. 坚决要求；极力主张(2)have an urge to do sth. 有做某事的欲望/冲动(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；紧迫的即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel(trave

14、l)She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.He urged her to reconsider her decision. He urged her into reconsidering her decision.他劝她重新考虑自己的决定。I urged that he (should) take immediate action to prevent such a thing happening again. I urged him to take immediate action to prevent such a thing h

15、appening again.我极力主张他应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。Sentence Pattern强调句型教材原句P8 It was at ten oclock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的使命。句式分析句中It was at ten oclock today that为强调句型：its被强调部分that 其他成分。例1It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.是

16、约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。例2It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.直到下车之后我才意识到这事。造句我把雨伞落在了教室里。It was in the classroom that I left my umbrella. 知识拓展强调句型的基本结构为：it is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分(1)此结构中it 没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调部分。(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。(3)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调是其他时(事物、时间、地点等)只能用that。即学即

17、练单句语法填空Why is it that you put off the meeting?It was me that/who he helped yesterday.It was Susan and John who were (be) absent from school yesterday.句意理解题记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意理解题。要求考生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。设问形式常有：(1)The underlined sentence in the first/second/. paragraph means “ ”(2)Which of the fo

18、llowing best explains the underlined sentence in the first/second/. paragraph?解题技巧“意义吻合”定句意第一步：速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子第二步：对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案典例Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told

19、him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的)H

20、is father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve. That year，one of Benjamins cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamins drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.H

21、e also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?AThe cat would be closely watched.BThe cat would get some medical care.CBenjamin would leave his home shortly.DBe

22、njamin would have real brushes soon.D根据文中的“Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的)”和“When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.”可知，为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。对点训练AIll never forget that “very important meeting” with

23、a guidance counselor(咨询顾问) during my senior year of high school.I gladly and dutifully shared my dreams，and was looking forward to hearing his lifechanging advice on how best to achieve my academic and professional goals for the future.He told me that I was not college material and that “possibly a

24、nice secretarial school” would be more my leagueHis advice did change my life，though not in the way he expectedbecause I didnt follow it.I didnt even consider it.By trying to put limitation on my future，he made me even more determined to pursue(追求) a college degree and a career of my choice.What doe

25、s the underlined sentence indicate?AThe author could work in a secretarial school.BThe author might be more suitable to be a secretary.CThe author was good at communicating with others.DThe author was encouraged to receive higher education.B句意理解题。根据画线处所在句“He told me that I was not college material a

26、nd that possibly a nice secretarial school would be more my league.”可知，咨询顾问告诉作者她不是上大学的料，可能一所好的秘书学校更适合作者。也就是说咨询顾问觉得作者可能更适合做秘书。故选B。BA Japanese company，NextTechnology，has created a robot dog that can tell you how bad your feet smell，by using a powerful sensor fixed in its nose.If your feet dont have a

27、bad smell，Hanachan will happily wag its tail，if its exposed to feet that are mildly smelly，itll start to bark，and if they give off an extremely bad smell，itll just fall over like the smell caused it to faint(昏倒)Foot odor(脚臭) is a big deal in Japan，where its a custom for people to take off their shoe

28、s whenever they enter someones home.In fact，exposing others to bodily odors can be considered annoyance in Japan.Some of the most brilliant minds in the countrys tech industry have been trying to solve this problem.Last year，Thanko started selling armpit(腋窝) fans designed to keep peoples armpits nic

29、e and dry.Now，we have Hanachan.The robot dog has a special sensor for a nose，and can tell you if your feet are smelly just by sniffing them for a few seconds.According to some media reports，Hanachan can help solve the problem of extremely smelly feet by spraying them with air freshener，but its uncle

30、ar whether this feature comes builtin，or if youll have to pay extra for it.According to researchers at NextTechnology，the idea for Hanachan was inspired by a person who desperately wanted some way to know if his feet smelled.“He told us his daughter had said his feet were smelly，” NextTechnologys Ki

31、mika Tsuji said.“But he didnt want to know how bad the odor was because he would feel hurt.Thats why we developed this cute robot.”You may be able to make Hanachan faint with your smelly feet，but it can have the same effect on budgetconscious people. NextTechnology plans to start selling the feetsme

32、lling robot dog for ￥100，000 next May.What does the underlined part in the last paragraph imply?AHanachan is no cheap thing.BPeople should mind their smelly feet.CPeople should be careful about their budget.DHanachan makes people loosen their budget.A句意理解题。画线句子句意：你也许可以用你的臭脚让Hanachan晕过去，但它对注重预算的人也有同样的效果。此处指的是对注重预算的人来说，听完它的价格也会晕过去。根据下面的价格也可推知它很昂贵。故选A。