2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit2HealthyLifestylePeriod3素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第三册2021032418.doc

1、Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle课时素养检测 七Unit 2Period 3. 阅读理解Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight backby

2、 eating healthier. The pull of junk food can be super-strong. Its designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food. Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food

3、companies want you to want junk food. ” They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk acro

4、ss a floor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food. Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fit-looking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them, ”Bryan says. He wor

5、ked with 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is bad, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better c

6、hoice. The students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain, and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when youre older. After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food.

7、Most didnt have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods. 【语篇概述】本文为说明文。一项研究表明, 让青少年了解食品公司垃圾食品的推销方式比单纯地告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能帮助他们吃得更健康。1. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1? A. To express his doubts about junk food. B. To promote the idea of healthy eating. C. To describe the situat

8、ion of junk food. D. To introduce the topic for discussion. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。本文为饮食健康类话题的说明文, 介绍一项研究发现: 让青少年了解食品公司的垃圾食品的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能帮助他们吃得健康, 文章第一段中提及的两个问题Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? Do you eat it anyway? 其目的是为引出文章要讨论的话题作铺垫。故选D项。2. What remains a great health challenge to doctors? A.

9、 Making people do more exercise. B. Making people eat healthily. C. Making people lose weight. D. Making people prefer junk food. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段中Its designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been tryin

10、g to handle it. 可知, 对医生而言, 让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B项。3. What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey? A. What makes junk food almost impossible to resist. B. What influences junk food can have on consumers. C. How food companies try to get people to reach for junk food. D. Why food companies pr

11、omote the consumption of junk food. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. 由此可以推断, 作者在本段主要是告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故

12、选C项。4. Which of the following words can best describe Bryans lessons? A. Shocking. B. Popular. C. EffectiveD. Abstract. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知, 课程结束后, 当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时, 大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持积极的看法。由此推断, Bryan的课是有效果且非常好的。故选C项。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。Habits Of Highly Successful S

13、tudentsNever Over-StudyWhen you spend too much time studying, you will quickly lose focus and the time spent in studying will become “junk time”. You think youre studying, but youre just sitting there re-reading the same sentence about 100 times and youre not getting anywhere. Instead, take regular

14、breaks. 1 Besides, it will give your mind some time to take in what you have been doing. 2Top students dont just randomly sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do. They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved. If you want to

15、 be successful, do as successful people do. Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which will create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit. 3Front Up To The Toughest Work FirstMany of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence. Thats fair enough.

16、The only challenge with this approach is that you use up your primary energy at the start of any study period and so if you are dealing with the easy parts with your primary energy, your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard parts. So what happens then? 4We all do it. We

17、 really shouldnt, though. So develop the habit of giving your primary energy to the hard tasks and completing the easy stuff last. 5Do we really have to explain this? Just turn them off for an hour, we promise the world will still be there when you log back in! Dont text your friends, dont chat whil

18、e doing memory activities, dont make phone calls, just focus on what youre doing. Even if you focus on work for 15 minutes followed by 5 minutes of chatting, its better than 30 minutes of work while also chatting! You get that right? A. Plan Your StudyB. Achieve Your GoalC. Positive habits decide fu

19、ture success. D. Taking breaks can make you get everywhere. E. You get tired and impatient and just give up. F. Get Off Social Networking Sites And Turn Off The PhoneG. Taking breaks will make you energetic again and refresh your mind. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍特别成功的学生应具有的一些习惯。1. 【解析】选G。由本段主题句Never Over-Stu

20、dy及题空前的Instead, take regular breaks. 可知, 成功的学生从不过度学习, 相反, 适当休息一下可让你精力充沛, 思维清楚。故选G。2. 【解析】选A。本题考查段落主题句。由下文的Top students dont just randomly sit down and complete work. They actually plan what they are going to do. They actually plan the time they will study and they set goals for what will be achieved

21、. 可推断出, 本段在介绍优秀学生的成功之处在于他们懂得如何计划他们的学习。故选A。3. 【解析】选C。由题空所在段落的主题句及题空前的Set a plan and, set a goal and stick to it, which will create a routine and a routine is the first step towards developing a habit. 可知, 本题空所在句子应该是一个总结性句子, 谈学习习惯的重要性, Positive habits decide future success符合语境, 故选C。4. 【解析】选E。从上文的Many

22、of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence. 及your batteries will be low when it comes the time to deal with the hard parts. So what happens then? 与题空后的We all do it. We really shouldnt, though. 可知, E项的You get tired and impatient and just give up与上下文语境相符, 故选E。5. 【解析】选F。考查段落主题句。由本段中

23、的Just turn them off for an hour, we promise the world will still be there when you log back in. Dont text your friends, dont chat while doing memory activities, dont make phone calls, just focus on what youre doing. 可推断, 作者建议是Get Off Social Networking Sites And Turn Off The Phone, 故选F。. 完形填空There I

24、stood with tears in my eyes. I looked at a face which was so1that I might mistake it for my own. I stared2 her in disbelief. It felt like a dream. I hugged her, she was real. Adopted at a very young age, I3surrounded by people I loved as family. 4, the faces werent like mine. They were people that l

25、oved me. As I got older, the curiosity to learn more about myself took hold and didnt5. Who was I? Where did I come from? At the age of 21, I was given the chance to6it out thanks to my adoptive parents 7. They accompanied me to the adoption agency. Then the staff8the process of finding my birth mot

26、her. But the process was9and I didnt expect there would be many complex procedures. And the agency also had caution to move the procedures to ensure both parties privacy especially10my birth mother didnt choose to meet me. Months later the agency told me that my birth mother was found and that she11

27、to meet me. We were excited. My parents said my birth mother made great sacrifice as she gave me away, 12allowed them to support the family. Otherwise, it wouldnt have been possible on their own. I was 13what my birth mother might be doing and what she might look like. I created a(n) 14in my head. A

28、fter a long process, the moment finally camewe reunited. She said she had made a(n)15decision, when watching me leave with only the hope that another family could provide what she couldnt. She said she hesitated for long but knew she was right. I knew she loved me very much. 【语篇概述】本篇为记叙文, 作者从小就被一个家庭

29、收养, 但他一直想要找到自己的亲生父母。经过努力他最终找到了自己的亲生母亲并见了面。1. A. familiarB. uglyC. oldD. unclear【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。familiar熟悉的; ugly丑陋的; old年老的; unclear不清晰的。由上文的 There I stood with tears in my eyes及下文可知, 这个人是作者的亲生母亲。故这是一张熟悉的脸庞。故选A。2. A. intoB. toC. atD. on【解析】选C。考查介词辨析。into在里; to对着, 朝向; at 在附近; on在上。作者不敢相信地盯着她, stare at

30、意为“盯着”, 故选C。3. A. stood upB. came upC. warmed upD. grew up【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。stood up站起来; came up出现; warmed up热身; grew up成长。根据surrounded by people I loved as family可知, 作者在成长的过程中, 作者身边都是作者深爱的家人。故选D。4. A. HoweverB. MeanwhileC. ThereforeD. Instead【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。However然而; Meanwhile同时; Therefore因此; Instead相

31、反。由上文可知, 作者很小就被人收养, 身边都是自己深爱的家人, 然而, 他们的面貌并不像我。前后句意为转折关系。故选A。5. A. helpB. stopC. increaseD. arrive【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。help帮助; stop停止; increase增加; arrive到达。由下文Who was I? Where did I come from? 可知, 随着作者年龄的增长, 要更多了解自己的好奇心占据了他的内心, 而且没有停止过。故选B。6. A. figureB. pickC. turnD. sort【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。figure out弄清楚, 判断出

32、; pick out 挑选出, 辨别出; turn out结果是, 证明是; sort out 挑选出, 分类。由上下文语境可知, 作者在养父母的支持下, 他终于弄清了答案, 故选A。7. A. requestB. appreciationC. supportD. forgiveness【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。request要求; appreciation欣赏; support支持; forgiveness原谅。由下文They accompanied me to the adoption agency. 可知, 养父母他们陪作者去了收养机构。因此, 养父母对作者的想法表示支持。故选C。8.

33、 A. delayedB. updatedC. refusedD. explained【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。delayed推迟; updated升级; refused拒绝; explained解释。由下文的I didnt expect there would be many complex procedures可知, 工作人员向作者解释了寻找生母的过程, 作者没有想到会有很多复杂的程序。故选D。9. A. importantB. discouragingC. differentD. abstract【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。important重要的; discouraging令人沮丧

34、的; different不同的; abstract抽象的。由转折连词But可知, 前后句是转折关系, 与前文作者寻找生母高兴的心情形成对比。句意: 但这一过程是令人沮丧的, 我没有预料到会有很多复杂的程序。故选B。10. A. now thatB. in caseC. even thoughD. only if【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。now that由于, 因为; in case万一; even though即使, 尽管; only if只要, 只有。为了保护双方的隐私, 特别是以防在作者的生母不愿与作者见面的情况下, 该机构在实施程序时也很谨慎。由此可知, 选用in case 引导状

35、语从句。故选B。11. A. continuedB. managedC. agreedD. happened【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。continued继续; managed管理; agreed同意; happened发生。几个月后, 收养机构告诉作者他们找到了作者的生母, 她也同意见作者。故选C。12. A. whatB. thatC. whoD. which【解析】选D。定语从句关系词考查。在My parents said my birth mother made great sacrifice as she gave me away, _allowed them to support

36、the family. 先行词是空前面整句话, 属于非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 用which, 故选D。13. A. wonderingB. consultingC. guaranteeingD. anticipating【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。wondering想知道; consulting咨询; guaranteeing保证; anticipating期望, 预期。根据句意可知, 作者想知道生母是做什么的, 她长什么样。故选A。14. A. scheduleB. pictureC. dreamD. error【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。schedule计划; picture图

37、画; dream梦; error错误。作者在没见到生母之前一直在想象生母的样子, 脑海中会出现她的画面。故选B。15. A. necessaryB. quickC. impossibleD. difficult【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。necessary必要的; quick迅速的; impossible不可能的; difficult困难的。根据She said she hesitated for long but knew she was right. 可知, 生母犹豫了很长一段时间, 也很爱作者, 所以这是一个艰难的决定, 故选D。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或

38、括号内单词的正确形式。Should naps(小睡) actually 1. _ (take) during the day? Well, we certainly know from 2. _ (evident) in the sleep center and many other scientists that naps can give you benefits for both your brain 3. _ your body. But naps can actually be 4. _ double-edged sword. Because while were awake dur

39、ing the day, were building up sleepiness or sleep pressure. So when you try to fall asleep at night, youll fall asleep quickly and then youll stay asleep. And when we sleep, we actually release that sleepiness so that we wake up the next morning feeling 5. _ (refresh). So if you take a nap during th

40、e day, especially if you take it too late in the afternoon, you will actually release some of that sleepiness and it will make it much 6. _ (hard) to fall asleep and stay asleep soundly throughout the night. So the advice would be if you dont struggle with your sleep and you can nap 7. _ (regular),

41、then naps are just fine. But if you do find it difficult 8. _ (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening. The ideal nap depends on 9. _ you want from that nap. Different stages of sleep actually give you different type

42、s of brain and body 10. _ (benefit). 【语篇概述】本文为说明文。我们从睡眠中心和其他许多科学家的证据中得知午睡对你的大脑和身体都有好处。午睡既有其好处也有其不足, 人们应该根据自己的情况选择是否午睡, 不同的睡眠阶段实际上给了你不同类型的大脑和身体的好处。1. 【解析】be taken。考查谓语动词的被动语态形式。根据句意“白天真的应该午睡吗? ”可知, 本句的主语是naps , 与take之间为被动关系, 故填be taken。2. 【解析】 evidence。考查形容词与名词转换。介词from后边跟名词作宾语, evident的名词形式为evidence

43、。故填evidence。3. 【解析】and。考查固定用法。句意: 小睡既能给你的大脑带来好处, 也会给你的身体带来好处。both. . . and是固定结构, 意为“两者都”。故填and。4. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 午睡实际上是一把双刃剑。由此可知这里要用不定冠词a, 表示泛指。故填a。5. 【解析】refreshed。考查形容词。feel为系动词, 后接形容词作表语, 表示人的情绪状态, 用过去分词转化成的refreshed的形容词作表语, 意为“精神焕发”。故填refreshed。6. 【解析】harder。考查形容词比较级用法。此处为形容词作宾语补足语, much修饰比较级,

44、故填harder。7. 【解析】regularly。考查副词。本题空要用副词修饰动词, 故要将形容词regular转化成副词regularly“有规则地”。故填regularly。8. 【解析】to fall。考查不定式作宾语。分析句子可知it是形式宾语, 动词不定式是真正的宾语。故填to fall。9. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句的引导词。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语, 所以用what引导。故填what。10. 【解析】benefits。考查名词的单复数变化。由句意“不同阶段的睡眠会给你的大脑和身体不同类型的好处”可知, 此处要用benefit的复数形式。故填benefits。完形填空

45、I work as a waiter at a hotel. Last night, an elderly white, seemingly 1 couple entered the restaurant. My co-worker greeted and seated them in a friendly way. We usually take charge of our own 2, but when we are busy, we help each other out. I was3 the customers at another table when the elderly hu

46、sband 4 to me that they were ready to order. I usually find it 5 when people go out of their way to make their order, especially when we are super busy. But once I took the couples 6 I understood why. The husband began ordering, stuttering (结巴) to a degree Id never heard before. It was very clear th

47、at he had a 7 disorder. I could tell the wife had told her husband very extensively what she wanted, as a(n) 8 for him to practice ordering. It took him quite a while to order. Meanwhile, she was just sitting there, looking proud and 9 despite her husbands endless stuttering. Honestly, the whole thi

48、ng just did something to me. It was beautiful and made me realize that a huge part of love is 10, patience and support. She could have made the order and made things a lot easier for her husband and avoided the 11 from other tables, but she didnt. However, she supported him and was proud to see him

49、12 the order. The whole thing also reminds me that life isnt always 13 for everyone. These rich people seemed to have everything, but they also have 14 they have to face daily. But Ive learnt that life isnt about waiting for the storm to 15, its about learning to dance in the rain. 【语篇概述】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。

50、作者描述了这样一个故事: 一对看起来十分阔绰的年长夫妻来到了酒店餐厅。看到患有语言障碍的丈夫结结巴巴地下完单, 妻子非常自豪。这对夫妻间的真爱使作者明白了一个道理: 爱的大部分是接受、耐心和支持。生活并不总是一帆风顺, 与其等待暴风雨过去, 不如学会在雨中跳舞。1. A. blindB. wealthyC. courageousD. nervous【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。blind盲目的, 瞎的; wealthy阔绰的, 富有的; courageous勇敢的, 有胆量的; nervous紧张的。根据下文中These rich people seemed to have everythin

51、g. 可知, 这对老夫妇看起来比较富有。故选B。2. A. dishes B. meals C. bookings D. tables【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。 dishes餐具, 菜肴; meals膳食; bookings预订; tables桌子。根据下文I was_the customers at another table可知此处要用table表示餐桌。句意: 通常我们只为自己负责的桌子提供服务, 但有忙时, 我们互相帮忙。故选D。3. A. reacting toB. cheering upC. waiting onD. looking after【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。

52、reacting to对作出反应; cheering up使高兴, 使振作; waiting on招待, 服侍; looking after照顾。由下面的at another table可知, 当我在另一张桌子上招待顾客时, 那位年长的丈夫向我示意他们可以点菜了。故选C。4. A. signaledB. shoutedC. explainedD. said【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。signaled表示; shouted呼喊; explained解释; said说话。由下文的that they were ready to order可知, 此处表示丈夫向我示意能点菜了。故选A。5. A. na

53、turalB. impoliteC. heartbreakingD. impressive【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。natural自然的; impolite不礼貌的; heartbreaking心碎的; impressive感人的, 给人以印象深刻的。句意: 每当有客人不厌其烦地点餐, 尤其是当我们特别忙的时候, 我总觉得是不礼貌的。由especially when we are super busy可知, 作者认为, 在服务员都很忙时点餐是不礼貌的。故选B。6. A. menuB. orderC. tipD. bill【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。menu菜单; order订单; tip提

54、示; bill账单。根据下文The husband began ordering可知此处表示点餐。故选B。7. A. stomachB. heartC. speechD. breath【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。stomach胃; heart心; speech演讲, 讲话; breath呼吸。根据The husband began ordering, stuttering to a degree Id never heard before. 可知, 丈夫有语言障碍。故选C。8. A. excuseB. traditionC. targetD. way【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。excuse

55、借口; tradition传统; target目标; way方式, 方法。根据for him to practice ordering可知, 妻子已详细告诉丈夫要点什么, 以此种方式来训练他点餐。故选D。9. A. absent-mindedB. satisfiedC. attractiveD. strict【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。absent-minded心不在焉的; satisfied满意的; attractive吸引人的; strict严格的。由前面的looking proud可知, 尽管她丈夫说话口吃很严重, 妻子只是坐在那里, 看上去很骄傲, 非常满意。故选B。10. A. t

56、hankfulnessB. forgivenessC. pityD. acceptance【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。thankfulness感谢; forgiveness原谅; pity遗憾; acceptance接受。从后面的patience and support可知, 眼前所发生的让我意识到, 爱在很大程度上就是接受、耐心和支持。故选D。11. A. smilesB. staresC. greetingsD. questions【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。smiles微笑; stares凝视, 注视; greetings问候, 打招呼; questions问题。她本可以帮丈夫点餐, 让

57、事情变得容易一些, 同时也避开其他桌位的目光, 但她没有那样做。stare最合适。故选B。12. A. analyseB. takeC. completeD. fail【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。analyse分析; take拿, 取; complete完成; fail失败。相反, 她支持丈夫, 为他完成下单而感到自豪。故选C。13. A. normalB. painfulC. hopefulD. smooth【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。normal正常的; painful痛苦的; hopeful有希望的; smooth顺利的, 平稳的, 光滑的。句意: 这一切也提醒我, 生活对每个人并不总

58、是一帆风顺的。根据下文的but可知此处表示生活并不总是顺利的。故选D。14. A. dangerB. problemsC. criticismD. choices【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。danger危险; problems问题, 难题; criticism批评; choices选择。根据they have to face daily可知, 这些富人似乎什么都有, 但他们也有每天都要面对的问题。故选B。15. A. passB. strikeC. directD. change【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。pass通过, 经过; strike撞击; direct管理, 指挥; change改变。句意: 但我懂得了, 生活不是等待暴风雨过去, 而是学会在雨中跳舞。故选A。