2020_2021学年高中英语课时素养评价十二Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsUsingLanguage含解析新人教版必修320210227284.doc

1、课时素养评价十二Unit 4Using Language. 单句语法填空1. The laws explored by the physicist(physics) often become the bases for new sciences. 2. The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity, which caused more damage to people there. 3. They are in exactly the same orbit, but different satellites(satellite). 4. It is

2、 caused by continuous pulling(pull) of the hair, leading to gradual hair loss, mostly at the hairline. 5. Many trees in these climates(climate) have adapted to having a dry area near their base during the hottest season. 6. He awoke floating weightlessly(weight) in a dimension which he initially ass

3、umed was Cloaks dark dimension. 7. The car started with a crashing(crash) of gears, and tears welled in his eye. 8. Some experts believe bees are heading for extinction(extinct). 9. Actually, there wasnt enough water to float(float) the ship, so the plan will fail. 10. “Do not stand there blocking(b

4、lock) the gateway! ” He shouted suddenly. . 语境填词1. If you succeed, people will support you, respect you and cheer you on, which is a cheerful message. (cheer) 2. This is a bad idea to exhaust our limited resources, and as a result, we all will feel exhausted in the end. (exhaust)3. He patted me gent

5、ly on the back and told me to be firm, but gentle during the following days. (gentle)4. During that time, strange thoughts floated into my mind when I was nearly asleep, and I often ask myself: “What could be more fun than floating in space? ”(float)5. Mention where you live, if you live on the same

6、 block, where there are a blocking queue in the main street. (block) . 阅读理解A(2020北京高一检测)Although the Queen of the UK is no longer responsible for governing the country, she carries out a great many important tasks on behalf of the nation. Head of StateAs Head of State, the queen goes on official sta

7、te visits abroad. She also invites other world leaders to come to the United Kingdom. During their visits, heads of states usually stay at Buckingham Palace, or sometimes at Windsor Castle or Holy Roodhouse in Edinburgh. Head of the Church of EnglandThe Queen is Head of the Church of England, a posi

8、tion that all British monarchs have since it was founded by Henry in the 1530s. The Queen appoints archbishops and bishops on the advice of the Prime Minister. The spiritual leader of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury. Government DutiesEvery day, “red boxes”are delivered to the Q

9、ueens desk, full of documents and reports from government ministers and Commonwealth officials. They must all be read mad, if necessary, signed by the Queen. The Representative of the NationThe Queen represents the nation at times of great celebration or sorrow. One example of this is the Remembranc

10、e Day ceremony at the cenotaph monument in Whitehall. The Queen lays a wreath there each year to honor the members of the armed forces who have died fighting for their country. Royal Garden PartiesAt least three Royal Garden Parties are held at Buckingham Palace each year and about 8, 000 guests att

11、end each one. VisitsAlongside her other duties, the Queen spends a huge amount of time traveling around the country and visiting hospitals, schools, factories and other places and organizations. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了作为英国国家象征的女王的权力以及政府职能。1. Which of the following is NOT the Queens job? A. Paying offici

12、al state visits to other countries. B. Appointing bishops. C. Inviting foreign leaders to visit the UK. D. Making laws for the country. 【解析】选D。通读全文可知, 女王不负责制定法律。2. When foreign leaders visit the UK, they dont stay in_. A. Holy Roodhouse in EdinburghB. WhitehallC. Windsor CastleD. Buckingham Palace【解

13、析】选B。细节理解题。从第二段中的During their visits, heads of states usually stay at Buckingham Palace, or sometimes at Windsor Castle or Holy Roodhouse in Edinburgh. 可知。3. The underlined word “monarchs” in the passage most probably refers to_. A. kings or queensB. prime ministersC. archbishopsD. the Queens family

14、【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由文章第三段The Queen is Head of the Church of England, a position that all British monarchs have since it was founded by Henry in the 1530s. 可知。4. From the passage, we know that _. A. Royal Garden Parties are held at Whitehall each yearB. the Queen and the Prime Minister govern the nation to

15、getherC. the Queen takes advice of the Prime Minister govern on appointing archbishopsD. the Prime Minister spends much time traveling around the country【解析】选C。细节理解题。由The Queen appoints archbishops and bishops on the advice of the Prime Minister可知。BIt is hard to track the blue whale, which has almos

16、t been killed off by commercial whaling. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior. So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the US Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43

17、days recording its sounds. This was possible because of the Navys formerly top secret system of underwater listening devices across the oceans. Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly un

18、cover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies. Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely observing a deep-sea volcanic eruption for the first time and that they planned s

19、imilar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in the ocean and global temperatures. Different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds focusing them in the same way a stethoscope(听诊器) does when it carries faint noises

20、from a patients chest to a doctors ears. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles. 【文章大意】文章从追踪几乎绝迹的蓝鲸的艰难和需借助尖端设施入手, 谈到了军用技术的民用问题。5. The underwater listening system was originally designed_. A. t

21、o track and locate enemy shipsB. to observe deep-sea volcanic eruptionsC. to study the movement of ocean currentsD. to replace the global radio communications network【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知, 水下监听是用于跟踪潜伏的敌船, 可知A项正确。6. The deep-sea listening system makes use of _. A. the ability of sounds to travel at

22、high speedB. the top-level technology of focusing sounds under waterC. the unique characteristic of layers of ocean water in carrying soundsD. low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water【解析】选C。根据最后一段中Different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds focusing them in

23、the same way a stethoscope. . . 可知C项正确。7. What can we infer from the passage? A. New radio devices are developed for tracking blue whales. B. Blue whales are no longer endangered with the help of the new system. C. Opinions differ on the use of military technology. D. Military technology has great p

24、otential in civilian use. 【解析】选D。通读全文可知, 军事技术在民用方面有巨大潜能。8. Which of the following is TRUE about the US Navy underwater listening network? A. It is now partly available to civilian scientists. B. It is a must in protecting endangered species. C. It has been replaced by a more advanced system. D. It b

25、ecame useless to the military after the cold war. 【解析】选A。根据第三段可知, 美国海军的水下监听网络在一些方面对科学家来说是有用的。. 阅读填句Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. 1 Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they wont be able to help you until they take the

26、samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. 2 Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (诊断的) tool. Ozcans invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many re

27、mote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, dont have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. 3 With Ozcans mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a

28、blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes. 4 His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the

29、cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low. By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technologymobile phonesOzcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. 5A. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses inc

30、orrectly. B. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool. C. This tool has become much more popular all around the world. D. Another reason that Ozcans invention is important is that it is inexpensive. E. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives t

31、o help. F. Ozcans simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world. G. Even though you may only have a simple infection, you might die because of the delay. 【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了安迪奥兹坎发明的一种将手机变成一种诊断工具的应用程序。这种发明很精确并易于使用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具可以在世界的任何地方使用, 能拯救全世界数百万的生命。1. 【解析】选E。根据上文

32、“想象一下, 你在一个偏僻的村庄, 没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你, 他们会给你检查并取血样, 但是直到他们把血样带回医院, 找出问题所在, 他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知E项符合题意。2. 【解析】选G。根据上文的内容“一旦医生找到你, 他们会给你检查并取血样, 但是直到他们把血样带回医院, 找出问题所在, 他们才能帮助你”可推断出“即使你只是简单的小感染, 可能也会因为延误而死”, 分析选项可知G项符合题意。3. 【解析】选A。根据上文“In many remote places. . . there may still be other prob

33、lems. Many doctors, for example, dont have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. ”可知, “在许多偏远的地方, 即使医生有显微镜和其他仪器帮忙诊断, 仍然会出现其他问题。例如, 许多医生没有足够的培训来正确解释他们所看到的”, 由此可判断出“这样可能会出现误诊”, 分析选项可知A项(因此, 他们可能错误地诊断疾病)符合题意。4. 【解析】选D。第二段说Ozcan的发明重要的原因, 这里应当是另一个原因。分析选项可知D项(Ozcan发明重要的另一个原因是它很便宜)应该是正确的。把D项

34、放入句中, 符合题意。可知本小题是这一段的主题句。根据本段的内容可知“Ozcan的发明成本相当低”。D项与本段有词的复现, inexpensive即fairly low。5. 【解析】选F。根据上文Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. “Ozcan研制了既实用又经济的医疗工具。因此, 它几乎可以在任何地方都有效”由此可推断出这种简单、成本低的工具可以在全世界救人, 分析选项可知F项(Oz

35、can的简单、划算的工具可能会拯救全世界数百万的生命)符合题意。【补偿训练】Here are some easy steps for you to stay safe and secure on the Internet. 1 Never give out your full name, address and phone number, unless it is a safe site or it is a well-known site. Protect your money. Do not give out your card information unless it is a sec

36、ure site. You can tell if the site is safe by looking at the lower part of your screen. 2 If it is locked, the site is secure. “Unlocked” means that you should not give a card number. Dont believe “Get Rich Quick! ”. If it sounds too good to be sureit is! If you get an e-mail that says you can make

37、thousands of dollars in a few days, it isnt true. Most likely it will cost you in the end. 3A good virus scan (杀毒软件). Update your virus scan. 4When you buy a virus scan, it may have been on the shelves for months, so you need to update it frequently. 5 Do not open e-mail attachments (附件) that are pr

38、ograms. Receiving these programs in e-mail is harmless, but opening and running them can be dangerous. A. There is a small lock. B. Stay away from these offers! C. New viruses come out daily. D. There are always some unsafe sites. E. Keep your main e-mail address private. F. Dont give out personal i

39、nformation. G. Protect yourself from dangerous e-mail viruses. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了五点关于安全上网的建议。1. 【解析】选F。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格处后一句Never give out your full name, address and phone number可知, 作者建议不要随意公布自己的全名、住址和电话号码这些个人信息。故选F。2. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格处后一句If it is locked, the site is secure. “Unloc

40、ked” means that you should not give a card number. 可知, 在屏幕下方有个锁定图标, 一旦锁定了网站就是安全的。故选A。3. 【解析】选B。根据前文If you get an e-mail that says you can make thousands of dollars in a few days, it isnt true. Most likely it will cost you in the end. 可知, 不要相信快速致富的工作邀约, 这些很有可能会让你有所损失。所以应该远离这些邀约。故选B。4. 【解析】选C。根据前一句Update your virus scan. 可知, 作者建议更新杀毒软件, 据此可以推测新病毒是每天都会出现的。故选C。5. 【解析】选G。根据后文Receiving these programs in e-mail is harmless, but opening and running them can be dangerous. 可知, 有些电子邮件的附件打开是很危险的, 应远离这些危险的电子邮件病毒, 故选G。