[25494899]高中英语阅读理解解题规律及训练（二）.doc

1、高中英语阅读理解解题规律及训练（二）1不管什么题型很绝对的说，反映主旨的肯定对，前提是你能确定它就是主旨。所以，文章读不太懂，但能把握作者想表达的意思即可。2. 注意中心句（即题眼）和前后句子之间的关系，是接着说的，还是转折关系。这里出题的话，要把握和前后句子之间的关系。是并列关系的，可以从这些句子里找同义词；是转折关系的，就通过转折关系句子里的关键词的相反意思来判断。前提是在你读不懂的情况下。3. 凡是举例的，都是为了说明观点的。那么，这个观点（中心句），一般来说，会在举例之前就表达了。但有时候也在举例之后。总之，作者举例想说明的这个观点，你一定要找出来。4. 排除2个选项以后，选出和文章主

2、旨相关的选项即可。不知道主旨就把握关键词。5. 词汇题的正确答案，往往隐藏在原文的该处附近（就是那个同义替换词），原文这附近的句子，是并列关系或者解释说明句的，就从这些句子的关键词的相近意思去把握。是转折关系的，就从关键词的相反意思去把握。总之，你要找的就是那个关键词。和30条一起理解吧。6. 如果原文中出现“ A is B and C”。若某一问题，选项中出现了B没C，或者只出现C没B，肯定错，直接排除。可能你会问了，同时出现B and C 咋办？目前还没出现过这种情况。注意，这里说的B和C，是单词或者短语。这是干扰项的特点之一。实际情况是，这个句子不是题眼。7. 接上面说，还一种情况是，若

3、B和C是2个长句子，中间用分号隔开的。且这两个句子都是作者想表达的，选项中都出现了。一般来说，选项中会对其中之一做错误的修改来作为干扰项。而另一个是对的。（不过总体来说，这种题型非常非常少见。在这里想说的是34条。这样的干扰项，你要会识别。）8. 注意几个词，yet表转折，hardly表否定。while 有时是比较，有时也表转折。比较的时候，注意比较的对象，要弄清楚。转折的时候，你要知道作者对什么进行了转折。9. 如果你对“关键词”比较蒙，或者你想问：我怎么知道哪个是关键词？解释一下，关键词就是句子中主干的宾语。尤其是一些你觉得比较重要的句子。这样的句子多数是长难句。一般来说，一个句子主干的主

4、语、宾语，和其他的修饰部分，都是很重要的！宾语是主语的宾语，所以，和主语是要对上号的，对不上不行。至于修饰的部分，干扰项常常在这里做手脚，比如会有一些特殊的限定，千万要留意，别疏忽了。9. 什么是中心句？即反应文章的主旨和每一段的中心意思的一句话。这句话是客观存在的。也就是作者的观点。中心句即题眼，选出正确答案，看的就是中心句。只有中心句才能选出正确答案。所以，中心句不知道在哪，或者读不懂，很难选出正确答案。中心句的具体位置，见下条。10. 很关键的一条，抓住每段的中心意思，也就是中心句。每段至少一句，最多2句。一般来说，总分结构的段落，中心句一般在段首。举例段一般在举例前后。转折段，中心句在

5、出现转折的地方，或者后一句（一般来说在该段的第三行上下浮动）。再就是某某人说的话。要注意这句话和前后句的关系，是并列还是转折。然后来把握这句话的意思，把握不了就通过前后句是并列还是转折关系的关键词来把握。11. 每个问题，要还原到文章具体的某一段落。若此问题在某段的后半部分，且你没有太看懂，这段已经完事了。要养成一个习惯。接着看一下段的第一句话。实在做不出来的话，就选那个和下一段第一句话的意思差不多的选项。只能这样了。（貌似是13条的重复）补充下，这只是小技巧，只起补充作用，有时候用不上。12. 每段的第三行，一般来说，也是该段的第3句话（也可能是第2、4句话）。其特点是：句子很长，由两句或者

6、两句以上组成，是个长难句。尤其是that mean ，the notion is that 之类的，一定要重视。要把握句子的主干。作者想说的是什么（把握作者强调的是哪个句子）。看清楚哪句话是为了修饰哪句话的。这样的句子，若出题的话，句子的主干就是正确选项。起补充修饰作用的一定要看清楚。每段最重要的三个地方：段首，段尾，和这儿。再就是带引号的。中心句一般就在这几个地方。其实也就这么几个地方。别的地方一般都是过渡句。13. 若是转折段的话，要注意转折的那个句子，一般都是在41条的那个地方（即第三行上下浮动）。转折前后都要看，看对比的是什么。在看不懂的情况下，通过前面的，来翻译后面的（反向翻译），来

7、找关键词。反之亦然。14. 最后一段，主要看段首和段尾。（最后一段是转折段的情况很少）。若是叙事段的话，叙事部分以外的，重点看。叙事部分尽量看懂。非叙事部分非常重要。一般段首若出现答案的话，段尾可能会作干扰项（见最后一条），但也不是绝对的（有时段首段尾都会有答案的提示）。段尾若出现答案的话，段首可能会很普通。一定要把握哪一句话是重点，选项中有相近意思的不是片面的叙述，一般就是正确答案。要把握重点的句子提到的被说明对象（句子主干的宾语），也就是作者关注的。15. 选项中出现ONLY 的，目前还没有对的。16. 中心句特别长的，2小句组成，选项中这2句都出现了，怎么排除？反映主旨的是对的。就是作者

8、关注的对象！还有一选项是对其进行具体的解释说明，或者补充，或是对主旨的一个具体现象的反应，或是对其造成的后果的叙述。这一选项一般会做错误的修改而作为干扰项（即使不做错误的修改也一样是干扰项）总之，这样的题，符合28、29条的就是对的。符合23条的，就是错的。17. 一定要注意，谁是用来修饰谁的。起修饰作用的词或句子，来做选项，一般是错的。被修饰的那部分来做选项，一般是对的。18. 因果关系的题，很直接、很简单的因果关系，直接排除。间接的因果，反映主旨的，可能是对的。总之，因果关系的题，把握主旨就可以了。文中提到的直接因果，如具体的事或是什么的。都是干扰项。19. 18的补充，正确选项反应的，往

9、往是实质的，根本的内容。选项反应的若是很具体的某一表现，一般都是干扰项。20. 干扰项有时出现的生词（可能是你不认识的），是与文章主题无关的词，而非同义替换。（这就需要你的基本功了）21. 新趋势，有些题要懂文章才能做出来。读不懂很难选出来。而且，长难句明显增多。有时，它会让你崩溃到单词都认识，却不知道文章说的是什么。这时候什么技巧都不好使了。所以，一定要提高基本功。起码你要知道文章大概说的是啥，也就是谁和谁的关系。任何一篇文章的主旨，基本上都可以用“谁和谁的关系”来概括。22. 通过首段或者前两段，来把握信息点。也就是作者想说的，是谁和谁的关系？23. 接着上面说，一篇文章谈的是什么，或者说

10、“谁与谁的关系”，一定要弄懂。这个具体的什么“关系”弄不懂的话，“谁与谁”一定要弄明白。比如，一篇文章说的是A与B之间如何如何。若问题问你A，选项有B的，往往就是正确答案。若问你B，你就可以先把没有A的选项排除。24. 最新趋势：最后一段，段尾很明显不是总结，而是以补充为主的句子。注意，这里可能会以干扰项的形式出现。25. 如上所说，中心句出现的地方无非就是段首、段中、段尾，或者带引号的句子。但是，这也是干扰项常常出现的地方。所以，你的基本功，对文章理解的程度，是你必须具备的能力。任何一门考试都有技巧，但是想拿理想的分数，光靠技巧是不现实的。26. 有的时候，你会遇到出现2到3个否定词的句子。

11、否定再否定，或者否定否定再否定。遇到了，尤其是3重否定的，基本上这里会设题，这句话里的关键词一定要找出来。这个地方是要练的，到时候出现了，别蒙，别犯怵。27. however 后面的句子一定要重视。比如有一年的其中一篇的3个题，题眼都是however 后面的句子。所以，这个词一定要敏感。阅读训练（一）Tourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us. Not all travel experiences, however, need to take

12、place in the real world.With the evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology，tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds.VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.But can a VR experience really equal a real world one？Many experts believe it can. Studies have s

13、hown that our brains have an inbuilt VRlike mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences. Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future. This is known as “mind wandering”. During these events were not paying attention to the current world around us. Instead,

14、 were recalling memories, or creating and processing imagined futures.When engaged in mind wandering, our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world. So, the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to

15、 everyday life.VR can create these same feelings.While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality, there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution. Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from overtourism. In recent years famous sites such a

16、s Maya Bay in Thailand, have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact. These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.Virtual reality may also allow people back in time，to experience historical

17、events, visit ancient cities, and even to walk among dinosaurs.Finally, in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork, virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their ba

18、tteries, without ever leaving their homes.It sounds like science fiction but its already happening(流行的)As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences, more virtual tourism will be expected, both in combination with the real world and instead of it.1Wh

19、at is driving the development of virtual tourism？ACompanies seeking to make more money.BImprovements in virtual reality technology.CPeoples demand for more shared experiences.DPeoples deeper understanding of the physical world.2Which of the following best describes “mind wandering”？AThe brain proces

20、ses which help people think VR is real.BThe way the brain processes inputs from the real world.CBrain activities focusing on past or future events.DExperiences coming from a persons imagination.3What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to？AScience fiction.BVirtual technology.CV

21、irtual tourism.DThe real world.4What is the purpose of the passage？ATo describe the advantages of VR tourism.BTo give suggestions for reducing overtourism.CTo encourage people to develop VR technology.DTo argue that VR tourism will replace the real world travel.参考答案：BCDA阅读训练（二）I was getting ready to

22、 go to bed when the phone rang.This could not be good. My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help, but the voice was hardly familiar.“Lindy, this is Lesley.” I didnt know Lesley well.We did occasionally speak with each other, but to say we were friends not appropriate.I ask

23、ed what she needed.Perhaps something really awful caused her to reach someone she barely knew.Instead, she asked me，“Do you have room for a turkey？In your freezer？”We_had_lots_of_room_in_our_freezer,_and_in_fact，too_much.“Sure，”I responded，“did your freezer break down？”“Not exactly，”Lesley replied,

24、“but I will explain when I arrive.”Minutes later came a huge freezer truck. Lesley stepped down and explained the lease (租约) of the grocery store her husband serviced had run out and that they had to empty all the freezers that very night. Thinking it was a shame to throw away all this good food, th

25、ey decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of. Noticing our freezer was pretty empty, Lesley asked to fill it up. Our home was their last stop and anything left would have to be put in our freezer. An hour later, everything finished, I asked her, “When will you come back for all this？”Les

26、ley laughed, “We dont want it back. It is yours! Thanks for helping us out！” Then they waved goodbye and drove away.“For helping them out？” We opened our freezer door.Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try. We were struggling to buy groceries, yet it was not somethin

27、g we shared with anyone. However, our needs were met in an unexpected way, by that call, “Do you have room for a turkey？”5How did the writer feel when she heard the phone ringing？AAngry.BAnxious.CShocked.DRelieved.6What does the author indicate by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2？AThey were ru

28、nning out of food supplies.BThey freezer was too large to fill.CThey were glad to put the turkey in the freezer.DTheir freezer was less frequently used.7Why did Lesley call up the writer？ABecause she didnt want food to go to waste.BBecause the writer was her good friend.CBecause something awful had happened.DBecause she knew the writer was in need.8What can be a suitable title for the text？AA friend on speaking termsBWho is my angel?CUnexpected bargainsDDo you have room for a turkey?参考答案：BAAD