2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 课时分层作业7 Unit 3 War and peace（含解析）外研版选择性必修第三册.doc

1、课时分层作业(七).单词拼写1The crowds became violent(狂暴的) and threw petrol bombs at the police.2His objective(目的)was to stop the space station project altogether.3The violence(暴力)in her tone gave him a shock.4Her teacher recalled(回忆)：“She was always on about modeling.”5He was barely(勉强)able to drag his poisoned

2、 leg behind him.6Schools award scholarships for high academic(学术的)achievement.7The boy who won the scholarship was a quite outstanding(优秀的)student.8Dear Madam，thank you for your interest in our memorial(纪念)scheme.9The bus was driven by a man in uniform(制服).10In designing a machine it is necessary to

3、 reduce friction(摩擦)as much as possible.阅读理解AThroughout July 1945，the Japanese mainland，from Tokyo on Honshu northward to the coast of Hokkaido，was bombed as if an invasion were about to take place.In fact，something far more threatening was at hand，as the Americans were telling Stalin at Potsdam(波茨坦

4、).In 1939 physicists in the United States had learned of experiments in Germany showing the possibility of atomic power and understood the coming damage of an atomic bomb.On August 2，1939，Albert Einstein warned President Roosevelt of the danger of Nazi Germanys advances in development of the atomic

5、bomb.Eventually，the US.Office of Scientific Research and Development was created in June 1941 and given combined responsibility with the War Department in the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear bomb.After four years of research and development efforts，an atomic device was set off on July 16，1945

6、，in a desert area at Alamogordo，New Mexico，producing an explosive power equal to that of more than 15，000 tons of TNT.Thus，the atomic bomb was born.Truman，the new US.president，believed that this terrible object might be used to defeat Japan in a way less costly of US.lives than an ordinary invasion

7、of the Japanese homeland.Japans unsatisfactory reply to the Allies Potsdam Declaration decided the matter.On August 6，1945，an atomic bomb，carried from Tinian Island in the Mariana in a specially equipped B29 was dropped on Hiroshima，at the southern end of Honshu.The combined heat and explosion destr

8、oyed everything in the explosions immediate neighbourhood，produced fires that burned out almost 4.4 square miles completely，and killed between 70，000 and 80，000 people，in addition to injuring more than 70，000 others.A second bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9，killed between 35，000 and 40，000 peopl

9、e，injured a like number and ruined 1.8 square miles.【语篇解读】本文介绍了在日本广岛、长崎原子弹爆炸的始末及其造成的后果。1What is the main idea of the passage?ATwo atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.BAfter research and development efforts，an atomic bomb was born.CAn invasion was about to take place with the use of t

10、he atomic bomb.DThe birth and use of the atomic bomb ended the Second World War.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，正是在广岛、长崎的原子弹爆炸迫使日本投降，结束了第二次世界大战。A、B、C三项表述的是文中的细节，不能概括文章的中心，D项表述全面。故选D。2Albert Einstein warned Roosevelt of_ANazi Germanys success in making an atomic bombBthe possibility of atomic power from Nazi GermanyCJ

11、apans unsatisfactory reply to the Allies Potsdam DeclarationDdestruction of everything from the explosion of the atomic bombB细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知B项表述符合文意。3What made the US.decide to drop the atomic bombs over Japan?ATrumans becoming the president of the United States.BThe great destruction power of the

12、 atomic bomb.CReducing the cost of its lives.DNot being content with Japans reply.D细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，美国对日本的答复不满意，才决定对日本投放原子弹。4How many people were killed by the two bombs dropped in Japan?ABetween 105，000 and 120，000 people.BBetween 35，000 and 40，000 people.CBetween 70，000 and 80，000 people.DBetwee

13、n 140，000 and 150，000 people.A数字计算题。根据最后一段中的“and killed between 70，000 and 80，000 people”和“killed between 35，000 and 40，000 people”可知在两颗原子弹爆炸中死亡的人数为105 000 至120 000人。BIn the summer of 1862，a young man belonging to a Vermont regiment was found sleeping at his post.He was tied and sentenced to be shot

14、.The day was fixed for the execution(处决)，and the young soldier calmly prepared to meet his fate.Friends who knew of the case brought the matter to Mr Lincolns attention.It seemed that the boy had been on duty one night，and on the following night he had taken the place of a comrade who was too ill to

15、 stand guard.The third night he had been again called out，and，being exhausted，he fell asleep.As soon as Mr Lincoln understood the case，he signed a pardon(赦免令)，and sent it to the camp.The morning before the execution arrived，Mr Lincoln had not heard whether the pardon had reached the officers in char

16、ge of the matter.He began to feel uneasy.He ordered a telegram to be sent to the camp，but received no answer.At last，feeling that he must know that the boy was safe，he ordered a carriage and rode rapidly ten miles over a dusty road and beneath a hot sun.When he reached the camp，he found that the par

17、don had been received and the execution had been called off.The soldier was set free，and his heart was filled with lasting gratitude.When the campaign opened in the spring，the young man was with his regiment near Yorktown，Virginia.They were ordered to attack a fort，and he fell at the first volley(齐射

18、)of the enemy.His comrades caught him up and carried him bleeding and dying from the field.“Bear witness，”he said，“that I have proved myself a brave soldier，and I am not afraid to die.”Then，making a last effort，with his dying breath he prayed for Abraham Lincoln.【语篇解读】本文讲了一件林肯与一位年轻的士兵之间关于知恩图报的故事。5Th

19、e young soldier was sentenced to death because_Ahe tried to escape at nightBhe wasnt on his duty on timeChe broke the military disciplineDhe was found cheating his friendC细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，这位年轻的战士因为在站岗时睡着了而被判死刑。因此，C项(他违反了军纪)正确。6We can learn from Paragraph 2_Athat Mr Lincoln was angry with what had ha

20、ppenedBwhy the young soldier slept when he was on dutyCthat the young soldier was forced to do other thingsDwhy the young soldier was praised by his friendsB细节理解题。由第二段可知，这位年轻的战士因为连续三天晚上站岗而过度疲劳，所以才在岗哨上睡着了。因此，B项正确。7Mr Lincoln rode to the camp by himself because_Athe officers didnt obey his orderBthe y

21、oung soldier didnt obey his orderChe didnt believe in the officers in the campDhe doubted if the officers had received the pardonD推理判断题。根据第三段及第四段第一句可知，林肯之所以自己驾车到营地，是因为他没有收到营地关于已经收到他发布的赦免令的回复，即他不确定营地是否收到他发布的赦免令。8According to the last paragraph，which word can best describe the young soldier?ADetermine

22、d.BPatient.CThankful. DFriendly.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中这位年轻的战士在临死前说的话及他最后挣扎着为他的恩人(林肯)祈福可推知，他很忠诚，是个知恩图报的人。因此，thankful符合题意。.阅读七选五AlAzhar UniversityGoing to a university is an important part of a persons life.Today，many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law，medicine，

23、or education._1_An important one started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.The worlds oldest surviving university，AlAzhar，is in Cairo，Egypt.It was first built as a mosque(清真寺)in AD.972.A few years later，learners and teachers began meeting in the mosque.They read and talked about the subjects of r

24、eligion(宗教)and law._2_Leaders in the city of Cairo decided to create a school for higher learning and soon after that，AlAzhar University was started._3_For these teachers at AlAzhar，they needed to think about what courses to teach and how to teach them.The earliest courses were in law and religion.I

25、n a course，students read and studied with the teacher，but there was also free discussion.Often，students and teachers had interesting discussions，and there was no“correct”answer.In the years that followed，the new university interested scholars(学者)from around the world._4_At AlAzhar，people studied the

26、 past，but it was also a place for sharing new ideas.Over a thousand years later，AlAzhar is still an important university in the world._5_Today，many of the worlds most important universities such as Oxford and Harvard still follow the same traditions as they do at AlAzhar.AA university was a new idea

27、 at that time.BThere are many reasons to study in Egypt.CThey came here to teach and do research.DAround the year 988，a new decision was made.EHowever，the university is not a modern invention.FThe cost of university education is increasing year by year.GIts library contains many of the worlds oldest

28、 and most valuable books.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了世界上最古老的大学之一爱资哈尔大学。1E由该空前的“Today”和空后的“An important one.one thousand years ago.”可知，该空与上文是转折关系，又引出下文，E项内容符合此处语境。2D由该空前的“A.D.972”，“A few years later”和空后的“Leaders.decided to create a school”可知，此处应填D项。3A由该空后的“For these teachers at AlAzhar，they needed to think about what courses to teach and how to teach them.”可知，由于当时大学还是一个新事物，所以老师需要考虑教什么课程、怎样教的问题，故选A项。4C由该空前的“the new university interested scholars(学者)from around the world”可知，C项内容符合此处语境。5G由该空前的“AlAzhar is still an important university in the world”可知，G项说法是对前面内容的补充。