2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 Unit 6 Space and beyond Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas课时作业（含解析）外研版选择性必修第四册.docx

1、Unit 6SSection Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AArtemis is NASAs new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars. NASAs new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to the l

2、unar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock(对接) Orion at a small spaceship called the Gateway, from which the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to the Gateway. The crew will return to Earth aboard Orion.NASA will test the rocket and the spacecraft in

3、 flight, and then send a crew for a test flight：Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft with no crew.Artemis 2 will fly SLS and Orion with a crew past the Moon, then circle it and return to Earth. This trip will be the farthest of the trips where any human has gon

4、e into space.Artemis 3 will send a crew with the first woman and the next man to land on the Moon by 2024.The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moons South Pole. No one has ever been there. On the Moon, astronauts will：Search for the Moons water and use it.Learn how to live and work on the surface of an

5、other celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days from home.Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take up to three years round trip.The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, Earth and even the Sun

6、. The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from Earth on Mars for long periods of time.1What is the aim of the Artemis program?ATo help astronauts return to Earth.BTo be ready for the landing on Mars.CTo study Mars using new sci

7、ence.DTo test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion.2Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series?AGoing to the Moons South Pole.BMaking the first trip into space.CSending the first man to the Moon.DFlying to the Moon with four persons.3What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon?ASend astronaut

8、s to Mars.BRun a threeyearlong test.CFind and make use of water.DLearn to live not far from home.4What can we conclude from the text?AIt is possible to live on another planet now.BThe crew will reach the lunar surface from Orion.CNASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon.DThe Artemis progr

9、am is of great help in Mars exploring.BWe humans are a curious species. As NASA says on its website, “Humans are driven to explore the unknown, discover new worlds, push the boundaries of our scientific and technical limits, and then push further.”And space exploration is where weve been “pushing” o

10、ur furthest curiosity.2019 began with two pieces of exciting space exploration news. On Jan. 3, China landed a spacecraft, Change 4, on the moons far sidethe side we cant see from Earthfor the first time in human history. And according to a report published on Jan. 9 in Nature, scientists from the C

11、anadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1.5 billion light years away, possibly sent by intelligent aliens.However, whats even more exciting than the news is the fact that whenever speaking of space exploration, we forget our political and c

12、ultural differencesthe things that so obsess us.“When you go into space, you become part of this overall collective called humanity，” Ken Liu, a ChineseAmericanscifi writer and translator, told a website. “Youre no longer Chinese, American, Russian.Your culture is left behind. Youre now just humanit

13、y with a capital H”This magic has worked all the way along our journey into space. When the US astronaut Neil Armstrong (19302012) became the first human to set foot on the moon in 1969, for example, he told the world: Thats one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. Now, with Change 4 touc

14、hing down on new moon territory, Chinas aim is to help scientists from around the world find out more about Earths only satellite. And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers, were one step closer to answering a common question in science：“Are humans alone in the universe？” Its true that we are

15、a curious species. But instead of being curious about the “unknown”， perhaps were really more eager to “push further” our own human “boundaries” and “limits”5Which of the following is the discovery of the CHIME scientists?AA galaxy with intelligent aliens.BRepeated radio signals sent by intelligent

16、aliens.CRepeated radio signals from a distant galaxy.DRadio signals from a galaxy several light years ago.6Why does the author quote Ken Lius words?ATo introduce the famous writer, Ken Liu.BTo show that in space we are just humanity.CTo emphasize that culture is not important.DTo introduce the thing

17、s that obsess us very much.7What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 6?AFurther confirm his opinion.BAdd some background information.CSummarize the previous paragraphs.DIntroduce a new topic for discussion.8Whats the main idea of the text?AChina takes the lead in space exploration.BHumans are

18、not alone in the universe.CSpace exploration is a common cause of mankind.DHumans desire to push the boundaries of scientific limits.完形填空Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our _1_ blanket on

19、Earth. Light gets through, and this is _2_ for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet (紫外线的) rays get into the _3_. Cosmic rays of various kinds come _4_ the air from outer space, but _5_ quantities of radiation from the sun are screene

20、d off. _6_ men leave the atmosphere, they are _7_ to this radiation; but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do _8_ a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known _9_ to explorers in space. Doses(剂量) of radiation are _10_ in units called “rems(雷姆)”. We

21、all _11_ radiation here on Earth from the sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The _12_ dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems; it _13_ according to where you live, and this is a very rough _14_. Scientists have reason to think that a man can _15_ far more

22、 radiation without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed.1A.protective BaccustomedCsimulated Dawesome2A.unexceptional BinvisibleCcurious Dessential3A.environment BatmosphereCspace Dearth4A.through BinCfrom Dby5A.valid BvariousCenormous Dproper6A.As soon as BAs long asCAs well as DAs f

23、ar as7A.shown Bfaced Ccovered Dexposed8A.prevent Bsubmit Cfetch Ddeliver9A.shadow Bdanger Cbenefit Dsafety10A.screamed Bsuspended Cmeasured Dremoved11A.receive Baccept Cbring Dcatch12A.conventional Bcommon Cgeneral Dnormal13A.varies Bshifts Cconverts Dmodifies14A.balance Bestimate Cpurpose Dstress15

24、A.keep up with Bcome up with Cput up with Dcatch up with课时作业(十六).阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了NASA新的月球探索计划Artemis。通过Artemis计划，美国将用新技术以更好的方式研究月球，并为前往火星做准备。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Artemis是NASA新的月球探索计划。通过Artemis计划，NASA将使用新技术以新的和更好的方式研究月球，并为人类前往火星的任务做准备。故选B。2答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文中的The Artemis 3 crew will visit

25、the Moons South Pole.可知，阿特米斯3号成员将访问月球南极。故选A。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据文中的Search for the Moons water and use it.可知，寻找月球上的水并加以利用。故选C。4答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，月球是学习新科学的好地方。NASA将更多地了解月球、地球，甚至太阳。月球是火星的“试验台”。月球是一个表明宇航员有朝一日能够远离地球在火星上工作很长一段时间的地方。由此可推断出Artemis计划对火星探索有很大帮助。故选D。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述太空探索是人类共同的事业，这里没有政治、

26、国家的边界，只有人类这一概念。5答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME)detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1.5 billion light years away, possibly sent by intelligent aliens可知，来自加拿大氢强度测绘实验(CHIME)的科学家检测到来自15亿光年外星系的重复无线电信号，可能是由有智慧的外星人发出的。由此可见，科学家们发现

27、了来自遥远星系的重复无线电信号。故选C。6答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第五段可知，美籍华裔科幻作家兼翻译家刘肯(Ken Liu)说：“当你进入太空时，你会成为这个被称为人类的集体的一部分，你不再是中国人、美国人、俄罗斯人你的文化被抛在了脑后。你现在只是人类的一个大写字母H。”由此可见，作者引用Ken Liu的话是为了证明在太空中我们只是人类。故选B。7答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第六段中And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers, were one step closer to answering a common question in

28、 science：“Are humans alone in the universe？”可知，随着CHIME天文学家的发现，我们离回答科学中的一个常见问题又近了一步：宇宙中只有人类吗？进一步证实了作者的观点。故选A。8答案与解析：C主旨大意题。根据这篇文章大意可知，本文主要讲述太空探索是人类共同的事业，这里没有政治、国家的边界，只有人类这一概念。故选C。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。太空是一个危险的地方，不仅因为流星，也因为来自太阳和其他恒星的射线。而大气充当了我们的保护层。1答案与解析：A太空是一个危险的地方，不仅因为流星，也因为来自太阳和其他恒星的射线。大气充当了我们的保护层。p

29、rotective blanket保护层。2答案与解析：D光可以通过大气层，这是植物制造我们所吃的食物所必需的。essential必要的，基本的。3答案与解析：B热也使我们的环境可以忍受，并且一些紫外线穿透大气层。根据上文介绍，此处应该表示紫外线穿透大气层，因此选B。4答案与解析：A各种各样的宇宙射线从外层空间穿过空气而来。介词through表示从物体内部穿过。5答案与解析：C来自太阳的大量辐射被屏蔽了。enormous大量的。6答案与解析：A一旦人们离开大气层，他们就暴露在这种辐射下。as soon as一就，引导时间状语从句。7答案与解析：D此处表示“暴露于这种辐射下”，be expose

30、d to暴露于。8答案与解析：A如果他们在里面，他们的宇航服或宇宙飞船的外壁确实阻挡了很多辐射伤害。prevent阻止，防止。9答案与解析：B辐射是太空探索者已知的最大危险。danger危险。10答案与解析：C辐射剂量测量单位称为“雷姆”。measure测量。11答案与解析：A我们在地球上都受到来自太阳、宇宙射线和放射性矿物的辐射。receive表示收到。12答案与解析：D我们每年接受的正常辐射剂量约为2毫雷姆。normal正常的。13答案与解析：A所处地点不同，所受辐射量也不一样。vary变化，不同。14答案与解析：B这是一个非常粗略的估计。estimate估计。15答案与解析：C科学家有理由相信，一个人可以忍受60雷姆的辐射而不受伤害，这个数字已经被认可。put up with忍受。