2019高考英语一轮基础自练题Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版必修5.doc

1、Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。At the end of every year, Time picks the best 25 inventions that are “making the world better and smarter”. Here we have picked three of this years inventions that could be a part of your life in the near future.The levitating(悬浮的) light bulbThis special light bulb was inven

2、ted by US. artist and scientist Simon Morris. He got the idea of making a light bulb float from hoverboards(悬浮滑板), which he used to dream of having as a kid.But the floating is not the most amazing part. The rejection force between the opposite ends of the magnets(磁铁), which were put in the bottom o

3、f the bulb and in the wooden base, does the job. Whats new here is a technology called induction(电磁感应). It allows the light bulb to get power from the base even they are not in contact.Shoes that tie themselvesTheyre not what you thinkshoelaces that tie themselves in the way we tie them. Instead, th

4、e new shoes have small motors that control their laces. When you step into them, your feet will hit a sensor(传感器) in the shoes and the motor will automatically tighten the laces.But the shoes werent just designed for lazy peoples needs. They could actually give athletes an advantage during competiti

5、on. They are also useful for people who cannot move their arms or fingers easily.The no touch thermometer(体温计)Taking your body temperature usually means putting a thermometer in your armpits(腋窝) and staying still for minutes. It may be easy for you, but its an impossible task for little kids.Now, wi

6、th the new thermometer, users can simply put it 2.5 centimeters from a patients forehead and press the button, and it can get reading in two seconds.【解题导语】每到年终岁尾，时代周刊都会评选出25项“让世界变得更加美好和智能”的最佳发明。本文介绍了其中的三项发明。1The most amazing aspect of the levitating light bulb is that _ Ait can floatBits inventor is

7、 more than a scientistCit makes use of the rejection force between the opposite ends of the magnetsDinduction allows it to get power even when unconnected with the baseD解析：细节理解题。根据The levitating(悬浮的)light bulb部分最后两句可知，悬浮灯泡最神奇的地方是这项电磁感应技术可以让灯泡不用接触底座就能通电。故选D项。2How is the no touch thermometer different

8、 from other ones?AIt makes it easier to take kids temperature.BYou need wait two minutes for the reading.CYou dont need to press the button.DIt should be put in ones armpit.A解析：推理判断题。根据The no touch thermometer(体温计)部分可知，这种新型的体温计可以不用紧贴皮肤，而且读取数据的时间也很短。且这个发明让儿童的体温测量变得更容易了。故选A项。3In which part of a newspa

9、per can you possibly read this text?AEducation.BSports.CScience. DEntertainment.C解析：推理判断题。本文介绍了三项新的科技发明，属于科技类文章。故选C项。二、语法填空。When my father was a boy, he had a dog named Laddie. Laddie stayed _1_ (constant) by Dads sidefishing, playing ball, and even _2_ (follow) him to school. Laddie would simply fo

10、llow Dads smell and track him all the way to school. Arriving after all the doors were closed, Laddie would sit outside the school, waiting patiently. Eventually, someone would open _3_ door and Laddie would slip in after him. Once inside, the dog would walk from room to room _4_ he found his master

11、. Of course, Dads teacher would immediately demand that the dog _5_ (remove)Later, my father went off _6_ (join) his five brothers in World War ， but Laddie continued to attend school, lying quietly each day _7_ the feet of Dads younger brother, Dick. Laddies attendance was _8_ consistent that Howar

12、d Junior High School awarded him an honorary diploma when Dick graduated. Now, thats one smart dog.Years later, when my dad was an adult, he met another dog: Casey. Casey went everywhere with Dad. In fact, I complained Dad spent _9_ time with Casey than he did with any of his human family members. C

13、asey trusted my father unconditionally, _10_ sometimes Caseys blind faith in my dad got them both into trouble.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了父亲和作者不同时期饲养的两只狗的故事。1constantly考查词性转换。修饰动词stayed，应用副词。2following考查非谓语动词。依据句中的“fishing, playing ball”可知，and连接三个非谓语动词作伴随状语。3a考查冠词。上文的

14、“all the doors”说明，这里指其中一扇门被打开了。4until考查连词。由句意可知此处表述“直到它找到主人”，until意为“直到为止”，符合语境。5(should) be removed考查虚拟语气。句中的谓语动词demand后接宾语从句应用虚拟语气，且the dog与动词remove之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。6to join考查非谓语动词。不定式在句中作目的状语。7at考查介词。空后是表示小地点的名词，故用at。8so考查固定句式。so . that . “如此以至于”。9more考查固定句式。more . than . 意为“比更多的”，故填more。10but考查连词

15、。前后两个分句之间是转折关系，因此用转折连词but。三、完形填空。As a child， Jane was fond of animals. As a consequence， when she was growing up， all she ever heard was as follows， “Jane， you should be a（n） 1. Youre going to achieve great success in that field. Thats the very thing you should do in the future.” So when she got to

16、the Ohio State University， she took biology， chemistry and some other 2， studying hard to be a vet.Later on， she won a Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship，which allowed her to spend her 3 year studying abroad in Manchester， England. Away from the family and the 4 from them， she found herself one day si

17、tting at her desk， surrounded by biology books and staring out of the window， when it suddenly hit her：“Im in total 5. I dont want to be a vet！”6 she thought back over all the things shed done in her life and what had made her happy. And then it hit herit was all of the youth leadership conferences

18、that she had volunteered at 7 the communications and leadership courses she had taken as selective courses back at Ohio State. “How could I have been so 8？ Here I am in my fourth year at school and just finally 9 that Im on the wrong path. I just never took the time to 10 it until now，” she thought.

19、11 by her new thought， Jane spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in communications and media studies. When 12 to Ohio State， she was 13 able to convince the administration to let her create her own program in “leadership studies”， 14 it took her 2 years longer to finally graduate. Sh

20、e 15 to become a senior management adviser in leadership training and development for the Pentagon. She 16 founded a drugprevention organization that 17 the message， “Lead your own life with the skill and the 18 to say no.” So， never 19 someone elses dreams. If you limit your 20 only to what seems p

21、ossible or reasonable， you disconnect yourself from what you truly want.【解题导语】文章讲述了从小喜欢小动物的简，一开始由于受到外界的影响，把当一名兽医、关爱动物作为自己的理想，并在大学学习了相关专业。后来发现，自己真正喜欢的是社交和管理专业，于是简作出了改变，最后取得了成就。1.A.engineerBprogrammerC.doctor DvetD解析：根据文章第一句提到的简小时候很喜欢动物，以及该段最后一句中的vet可知，简总是听人说她长大后应该成为一名兽医（vet）。故选D项。2.A.subjects Bobject

22、sC.projects DprogramsA解析：根据设空前的biology，chemistry可知，此处指简在大学里学习生物、化学还有其他课程。subject意为“课程”；object意为“物体”；project意为“工程”；program意为“项目”。故选A项。3.A.first BsecondC.final DpastC解析：根据第三段中的fourth year可知，简大学最后（final）一年在英国留学。故选C项。4.A.promise BstressC.complaint DpressB解析：由第一段可知，简在家里的时候，家人在她未来职业的选择上对她的干预比较大，而在英国学习期间，远

23、离了家人，也就没有了来自家人的压力。promise意为“许诺”；stress意为“压力”；complaint意为“抱怨”；press意为“按，压”。故选B项。5.A.vain BmiseryC.delight DsurpriseB解析：根据下文简所说的话I dont want to be a vet！可知，简很痛苦。in misery意为“痛苦地”，符合语境。故选B项。in vain意为“徒劳；无用”；in delight意为“高兴地”；in surprise意为“惊讶地”。6.A.Then BInsteadC.Perhaps DSeldomA解析：空后是说她开始回忆过去所做的事情和那些让她高

24、兴的事情。回忆这些事情是发生在她发现自己不想做兽医之后，故选A项，意为“然后”。instead意为“反而”；perhaps意为“或许；可能”；seldom意为“很少；不常”。7.A.but BorC.and DsoC解析：根据语境，youth leadership conferences和communications and leadership courses都是简喜欢的事情，它们之间为并列关系。故选C项。8.A.disturbed BignorantC.intelligent DluckyB解析：根据语境，简喜欢的是社交和管理方面的课程，而不是兽医。这里表达的意思是“我怎么如此无知，大学四

25、年级了才意识到选错了路（专业）”。ignorant意为“无知的”，符合语境。故选B项。disturbed意为“不安的；烦恼的”；intelligent意为“聪明的”；lucky意为“幸运的”。9.A.aware BunconsciousC.afraid DsatisfiedA解析：由语境可知，简想换专业，也就是说她意识到当初选错了路（专业）。aware意为“意识到的”；unconscious意为“无意识的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；satisfied意为“满意的”。故选A项。10.A.complete BaccomplishC.permit DadmitD解析：此处为never/not.u

26、ntil结构。句中it指的是上文所说的“自己当初选错了专业”，因此，此处指直到现在她才承认这一点。complete意为“结束”；accomplish意为“完成；实现”；permit意为“允许”；admit意为“承认”。故选D项。11.A.Inspired BDisappointedC.Embarrassed DConfusedA解析：根据空后的Jane spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in communications and media studies可知，简受到新想法的激励，开始学习通信和传媒专业。inspire意为

27、“鼓舞；激励”；disappoint意为“使失望”；embarrass意为“使尴尬”；confuse意为“使困惑”。故选A项。12.A.relating BreturningC.responding DreferringB解析：简本是在俄亥俄州大学学习，后获得奖学金去英国学习，此时指在英国学习结束后，简返回美国俄亥俄州。return to意为“返回”，符合语境。故选B项。relate to意为“与相关”；respond to意为“回应”；refer to意为“涉及”。13.A.eventually BespeciallyC.hardly DdesperatelyA解析：简最终说服了学校的行政部

28、门让自己创办自己的“领导课程”，尽管这让她毕业的时间延迟了两年。eventually意为“最终”；especially意为“尤其，特别”；hardly意为“几乎不”；desperately意为“绝望地，孤注一掷地”。根据语境可知选A项。14.A.if BasC.although DdespiteC解析：“说服行政部门让自己创办自己的课程”和“延迟毕业”两者之间是让步关系，故选C项。15.A.managed BfailedC.tried DattemptedA解析：根据语境，简成为五角大楼领导力培训与发展的一名高级管理顾问。这里描述的是她的成功，所以选managed，manage to do意为

29、“成功做”。fail意为“失败；未能做”；try意为“努力”；attempt意为“尝试”。16.A.still BneverC.again DalsoD解析：她还创办了毒品预防组织，这是在成为高级顾问之后又一个成功之处。所以用also，表递进。故选D项。17.A.proves BconveysC.concludes DwarnsB解析：prove意为“证明”；convey意为“传递”；conclude意为“结束”；warn意为“警告”。这里指的是传递一种信息，故选B项。18.A.fact BchanceC.will DtruthC解析：fact意为“事实”；chance意为“机会”；will意

30、为“意志；意愿”；truth意为“真理”。由常识可知，在人生道路的选择过程中，抵御外界干扰需要的是“意志力”。故选C项。19.A.ignore BbreakC.realize DliveD解析：此处提到的梦想就是第一段所说的周围的人根据简喜欢小动物给她描绘未来当兽医的理想。ignore意为“忽视”；break意为“打破”；realize意为“实现”；live ones dreams意为“实践某人的梦想”。故选D项。句意为：所以，决不能去实践别人的梦想。20.A.smiles BchoicesC.mistakes DreasonsB解析：句意为：如果你把人生的选择仅局限在看似可能发生的和合理的事

31、情上，那么你就会与你真正想成为的人失之交臂。smile意为“微笑”；choice意为“选择”；mistake意为“错误”；reason意为“理由”。故选B项。四、短文改错。Last Friday, I had interview with Professor Zhang about “How to Improve Our Oral English”. According to Professor Zhang, reading English aloud help us improve our oral ability. In addition, it can benefit us in dev

32、elop our language skills, such like listening, speaking, reading and writing. This is why reading aloud is the basis of memory. And it can make the sound, form and meaning of much English words strengthened and consolidated.Therefore, Professor Zhang suggested that for thirty minutes and an hour in

33、the morning you should read English words, passages, and poems, recite famous English sayings and mottos and even sing English songs. He also recommends that we should hold English evenings, English song competitions, and English drama performance.答案：Last Friday, I had interview with Professor Zhang

34、 about “How to Improve Our Oral English”. According to Professor Zhang, reading English aloud us improve our oral ability. In addition, it can benefit us in our language skills, such listening, speaking, reading and writing. This is reading aloud is the basis of memory. And it can make the sound, fo

35、rm and meaning of English words strengthened and consolidated.Therefore, Professor Zhang suggested that for thirty minutes an hour in the morning should read English words, passages, and poems, recite famous English sayings and mottos and even sing English songs. He also that we should hold English

36、evenings, English song competitions, and English drama .难项分析：第二处：helphelps考查主谓一致。此处动名词作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。第五处：whybecause考查连词。why和because都可引导表语从句，前者强调结果，后者强调原因，此处是在陈述原因，故改为because。第八处：youwe考查代词。根据上下文语境可知，此处应用第一人称we。下文中的“we should hold”亦是提示。五、七选五How to Exercise Every Week ConsistentlyIn my experience peo

37、ple, especially me, do not work out consistently for two reasons：time and method.TimeThree weeks ago I was finding every excuse in the book to justify why I did not have a chance to exercise. In my mind all my reasons are valid, and I am sure yours are too.Here is a little secret, both you and I hav

38、e more than enough time to work out. 1. . If you want to exercise more or finish your todolist, you have to start planning well.The method2 . For me, two options came to mind, before work, and after work. During the morning I go to work, and after work I do not have the energy.Since my mornings and

39、evenings are not available, I changed my way and looked at my work day. It turns out that 4. . I realized that my job has access to a gym, and decided to switch my lunch hour for a workout break.4. Ive been hitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks!Now that I have a set tim

40、e to get moving, I have no issues working out consistently, and I tend to exercise more days during the week. 5. You might be thinking an hour is not a lot of time. Is that enough?The answer is yes! You do not need a lot of time in the gym to see results. All you need is consistent and a good plan.A

41、The plansBThe resultsCLast week I went to the gym six daysDReview your day and look for a 1hour block to workoutEI was wasting my lunch break looking through social mediaFReconsider your problems and try to solve them in a different wayGThe problem is not how much time we have but how we are using i

42、t【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了每个星期都坚持锻炼的具体做法。1G解析：根据空格上一句可知，你和“我”实际上都有足够的时间锻炼。G项“问题不是我们有多少时间而是我们怎么利用时间”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。2D解析：空格后一句是说对“我”来说，能抽出的时间就是上班前和下班后。D项“回顾你的一天，然后抽出1小时的时间来锻炼”是对空格后一句的整体概述，空格后一句是对D项的举例说明。故选D。3E解析：E项中的关键词“lunch break”与空格后一句中的“lunch hour”相照应，符合语境。故选E。4B解析：空格处是本段的标题句，是对该段内容的概括。根据该段中的“Ive been hitting the gym at least four times per week for the past two weeks！”可知，这段介绍的是计划执行的结果。故选B。5C解析：空格上一句是说“我”尽量每周多花几天去锻炼。C项“上周我有六天都去了健身房”与此紧密衔接，是对其的例证，符合语境。故选C。