2019年英语新同步浙江专用选修六讲义：UNIT 3 SECTION Ⅱ WARMING UP .doc

1、Section_Warming Up & Reading Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.patent n专利证书；专利权2.powder n. 粉末；火药3.expectation n. 预料；期待；期望4.seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺5.valid adj. 有效的；确凿的6.file n. 文件；档案；文件夹 vt. 提交；将归档.拓展词汇1.distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的2.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的mercy n

2、仁慈；宽恕； 怜悯3.product n产品produce vt.生产production n生产4.stainless adj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的stain n& v污点；瑕疵；(被)污染5.abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地6.convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n方便；便利；便利设施7.caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地8.passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的active adj.主动的；积极的；主动语态的9

3、.merry adj.愉快的；高兴的merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地10.criterion n(评判的)标准；尺度criteria pl.1.expectation n预料；期待；期望词块answer the expectations of不辜负的期望cherish/have/hold an expectation抱有希望live up to ones expectation符合的希望against expectations 事与愿违2.ive结尾的形容词集锦active主动的；积极的；主动语态的passive 被动的；消极的；被动语态的positive 积极的；有信心的negativ

4、e 消极的；负面的subjective 主观的expensive 昂贵的impressive 印象深刻的；令人钦佩的aggressive 争强好胜的；挑衅的3.表示“抓住”的相关词语一览seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺catch vt. 抓住；接住grasp vt. 抓住；掌握catch hold of 抓住get hold of 抓住二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.decide_on决定2call_up 给打电话3in_the_countryside 在农村/乡下4now_and_then 偶尔；有时5get_rid_of 除掉，摆脱6distinguish_.from_. 把和

5、区别开7set_about 开始；着手8apply_for_a_patent 申请专利1.feel very proud感到很自豪2the habits of . 的习性3the easiest way 最容易的方法4three possible approaches 三种可能的方法5become sleepy 变得困乏6the frozen bowl 冷冻过的碗7keep it cool 保持冷却状态8adjust my plan 调整我的计划三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any produc

6、ts that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有毒死蛇的药粉。there seem to be是there be句型的变体，表示“似乎有”。There_seem_to_be more and more graduates wanting to apply for jobs rather than take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools. 现在

7、想直接参加工作而不是考研的毕业生似乎越来越多了。 2.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。“only状语(从句)”放在句首，主句使用部分倒装句式。Only_after you have reached eighteen can_you_join_the_army.只有当你年满十八周岁后，你才能参军。3.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to ge

8、t new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。so .that .“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。It was so_cold_yesterday_that we all stayed at home.昨天天气很冷，我们都待在家里。4.Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyon

9、e elses.你的产品要经过仔细调查，证明它确实是与众不同的，你才能获得专利。否定副词nor放在句首时，主句使用部分倒装。Nor did_he_let_the_disease_stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about.疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活。1(教材P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。call up 给打电话；使回忆

10、起call at拜访(某个地点)call off 取消；停止call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来；收回The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood.欢笑声让他回忆起了他的童年。The government calls on/upon the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。I will call for you at 8 oclock at the school gat

11、e.我8点钟在学校门口接你。联想发散与“打电话”有关的常用表达：ring up给打电话ring/call back 回复电话ring off 挂断电话give sb. a ring/call 给某人打电话hang/hold on 不挂断电话The line is busy. 电话占线。2(教材P20)Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree.蛇时不时地爬到屋子边上来，似乎是在屋子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。n

12、ow and then 偶尔；有时We havent seen each other for years, but we chat online now and then.我们已有多年未见过面了，但是我们有时会在网上聊天。At_times I feel that I want to leave this job.有时我真想辞职。You can hear people fall about laughing once_in_a_while during the show.演出期间你能不时听到观众的笑声。3(教材P20)Here was a chance for me to distinguish

13、 myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。distinguish vt.& vi. 显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(1)distinguish between .and .区分/辨别和distinguish .from . 使有别于distinguish oneself (as .) (作为)表现突出distinguish oneself by . 某人因而突出(2)distinguishe

14、d adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for . 因而出名You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.你应学会明辨是非。He has already distinguished himself as an athlete.他作为一名运动员已享有盛名。Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。Because Tu Youyou is distinguished

15、for her great breakthrough, she has won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine.屠呦呦的重大突破使她享有盛誉，因此获得了2015年诺贝尔医学奖。4(教材P20) I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。set about 开始；着手set out出发；启程；开始做set off 出发；动身；引发be set in 以为背景set aside 留出；对

16、不予考虑set down 记下；写下set up 树立(榜样)；设立；创立He set about doing his homework after supper.晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise. 我每天尽量腾出一些时间锻炼身体。We set out to_find (find) the truth behind the mystery.我们开始着手揭开谜团后的真相。名师点津set about/out意为“开始做”时，set about后接名词、动名词形式作宾语，而set out

17、后跟动词不定式作宾语。5(教材P20)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.它们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。convenient adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的(1)be convenient for对是方便的It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事(2)convenience n方便；便利；便利设施for convenience 为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候The Internet makes it conveni

18、ent for us to get in touch with each other.互联网使得我们相互联系方便了。Would it be convenient for you to_leave (leave) tomorrow? 你明天走方便吗？ I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)为了方便我把参考书放在书桌旁。名师点津(1)convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，且在It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 结构中介词for不能用介词of代替

19、。(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词，意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。6(教材P20)Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.在朋友和亲戚的敦促下，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺取；占领形象记忆seize sb

20、. by the arm/collar抓住某人的胳膊/衣领seize the chance/opportunity 抓住机会seize on/upon 抓住；突然对大为关注We should seize the opportunity to work hard to achieve our goal.我们应乘机努力实现我们的目标。Before he could run away, she seized him by the collar.在他逃跑之前，她抓住了他的衣领。If you think your idea has potential, seize on/upon it immediat

21、ely.如果你觉得你的想法很有潜力，立刻抓住它吧。1The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有毒死蛇的药粉。(1)句型There ben.v.ing/v.ed中v.ing/v.ed作主语补足语。如果名词与后面的分词存在主动关系，用v.ing形式，如果是被动关系，则用v.ed形式。There ar

22、e many students standing in a queue to welcome the old soldier.有很多学生正站队欢迎这位老兵。There is no time left (leave); wed better hurry.剩下的时间不多了，我们最好快点。(2)there be之后如有几个并列主语时，用is还是are要取决于第一个主语是单数还是复数，单数用is，复数用are。There is (be) a tiger and two lions in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎和两只狮子。(3)常见的there be变化结构如下：There happen(s

23、) to be .碰巧有There stand(s)/live(s)/lie(s)/go(es)/remain(s) . 有There seem(s) to be . 好像有There is likely to be . 可能有There may (might)/must be . 可能/肯定有There come(s) . 来了/到了There seem_to_be fewer tourists around this year.今年来访的旅游者似乎少了。(4)There be句式的非谓语动词形式：There being/There to be .There being (be) no ta

24、xi, we had to walk home.由于没有出租车，我们不得不走回家去。2Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。含有only的倒装句常常有下面三种情况：(1)“only状语从句”位于句首时Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake. 只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出

25、了一个错误。(2)“only介词短语”位于句首Only in this way can_you_make improvement in the operating system.只有用这种方法你才能改进操作系统。(3)“only副词”位于句首Only then did_I_know the importance of learning.直到那时我才知道学习的重要性。名师点津(1)only修饰的从句不用倒装句式，主句需要使用倒装句式。(2)当only修饰其状语不位于句首，或位于句首的only 用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不用倒装。Only a few of the children hav

26、ent yet got a chance of being educated.仅有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。.单句语法填空1I called up my mother to ask if she wanted to live with us in the city.2(2017江苏高考)They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger. 3After the earthquake, the people set about rebuilding (rebuild) their homes.

27、4Please deliver the goods at your earliest convenience (convenient)5His friend was in time to seize him by the arm before he fell over.6Nowadays, there are still many poor students, not affording (afford) to go to school.7Some people act the fool now and then.补全句子1Before I could get in, she rang_off

28、,_and I had to ring/call_back later.我还没有来得及插话，她就挂断了电话，我只好稍后打回去。2The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish_one_from_the_other.这对双胞胎长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。3If it_is_convenient_to_you,_please call me back.如果方便的话，请给我回个电话。4I decided to seize_the_chance/opportunity_to get recognition for my idea.我决定抓

29、住这次机会使我的主意被认可。5There are going_to_be two English parties next week.下周有两场英语晚会。6Only when the competition was over did_he_calm_down to relax himself.只有比赛结束了，他才能静下心来放松一下。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1Please come to my home to play cards whenever it is convenient (方便的) for you.2The dog wagged its tail in expectat

30、ion (期望) of a bone.3The police seized (抓住) an escaping thief.4The device was protected by patent (专利权)5The merciful (仁慈的) king saved the young officer from death.6We did not know what had made him change his mind so abruptly (突然地)7These products (产品) may help you to keep slim.8He distinguished (使扬名)

31、 himself by his courage at that time.9He told us to deal with the dangerous work with caution (谨慎)10There is a merry (愉快的) smile on her face.选词填空be convenient for， meet with， set about， distinguish .from， come up to ones expectations， there seemed to be， now and then， call . up1Stick to your efforts

32、 and youll surely distinguish yourself from other students.2Now_and_then,_we get together to have a chat, but not often.3She set_about the business of cleaning the house.4I usually enjoy his movies, but the latest one didnt come_up_to_my_expectations.5Would it be_convenient_for you to pick me up at

33、four oclock and take me to the airport?6They often quarreled; there_seemed_to_be a misunderstanding between them.7I will be grateful if you can consider accepting me and calling me up.8In my opinion, when meeting_with difficulties and frustrations, we should say “It is very good！”.课文语法填空When the wri

34、ter called 1.up her mother in the countryside on the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house and that they seemed 2.to_have_made (make) their home near her house. The writer felt proud and considered it a chance for her to distinguish 3.herself (she) by inventing something 4.that would

35、catch snakes but not harm them. She set about 5.researching (research) the habits of snakes.She decided to cool them so that they could be 6.easily (easy) caught. However, her first two plans were not successful. 7.As a result, she had to attempt a 8.third (three) time, which helped her fulfill her

36、aim successfully. She was 9.so delighted that she was determined to send her 10.invention (invent) to the Patent Office to get recognition for her successful idea.串点成篇微表达我区别(distinguish)其他人之处在于我积极参加各项活动。自从我得知你们招聘的消息后，我就着手(set about)申请(apply)成为一名志愿者。志愿者工作对我来说是很合适的，我一定会抓住这次机会(seize the opportunity)把这项

37、工作做好。如果您能接受我的申请，并给我打电话(call up)，我将不胜感激。What_distinguishes_me_from_others_is_that_I_take_an_active_part_in_all_kinds_of_activities;_therefore,_I_have_set_about_applying_to_be_a_volunteer_since_I_learned_the_information_that_some_employees_are_wanted._Im_very_suitable_for_the_voluntary_work_and_I_am_b

38、ound_to_seize_the_opportunity_to_do_the_job_well._I_will_be_grateful_if_you_can_consider_accepting_me_and_calling_me_up.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Elva Robison will never forget the phone call she received one September morning. Her 22yearold daughter had been _1_ in a car accident.The weeks and months tha

39、t followed were full of _2_ for Elva. Relatives, friends and neighbors _3_ her and her family. But Elva drew the greatest _4_ from her old high school classmate, Irma Hyson. It happened that Irma had lost her 21yearold daughter in a car accident just a year before, so she _5_ like no one else what E

40、lva was feeling, and that gave Elva _6_.In the many years since then, the two women have continued to _7_ one anothers joys, losses and hardships. “I dont know what Id do _8_ her，” Elva says of Irma. “Ive told her, You have saved my life. And I know she _9_ the same way.”Some studies find that havin

41、g a wide range of _10_ belonging to community groups _11_ having a network of friends offers _12_. But others show that the most important thing is to have just a few _13_ friends “Quality beats quantity all the time，” says Laura Carstensen of Stanford University. Elva and Irma would surely _14_. Fi

42、ve years after Irmas _15_ died, her husband was killed in a traffic accident. Elva _16_ went to Irmas side and _17_ to do housework and anything else she could. “She practically lived here for a while，” Irma says.When Elvas husband died, Irma stayed _18_ by her side. Elvas doctor _19_ she join a sup

43、port group for the bereaved (失去亲人的). But Elva told him she really didnt need any of that _20_ she had Irma.Both celebrating their 84th birthdays this year, the two best friends still drive, travel and support each other.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。一对朋友几十年以来一直相互扶持，帮助对方度过人生最黑暗的日子，她们用实际行动诠释了朋友的意义。1.A.hurtBkilledCpunis

44、hed Dcaught解析：选B根据下段中的“It happened that Irma had lost her 21yearold daughter in a car accident”可知，与Irma的女儿一样，Elva的女儿也死于车祸。2A.regret BangerCanxiety Dsorrow解析：选D失去女儿，Elva自然很“难过(sorrow)”。3A.got along with Bput up withCreached out to Dpaid attention to解析：选C出了这样的事，亲朋好友都向Elva和她的家人伸出了援助之手。get along with“与一

45、起”； put up with“忍受；忍耐”； pay attention to“注意”。4A.pleasure BcomfortCpride Dsatisfaction解析：选B根据本段中的“It happened that Irma had lost her 21yearold daughter in a car accident”可知，Elva从Irma那里得到了最大的“安慰(comfort)”是因为Irma的女儿也死于车祸，所以Irma“理解(understood)”Elva的感受。5A.understood BrememberedCrealized Dimagined解析：选A参见上

46、题解析。6A.strength BsafetyCindependence Dfaith解析：选A有人能与自己感同身受，这给了Elva支撑下去的“力量(strength)”。下段中的“I dont know .You have saved my life.”也说明了这一点。7A.control BenjoyCshare Dexpress解析：选C根据下文描述Elva和Irma相互扶持，帮助对方度过人生最黑暗的日子可知，她们一直互相“分享(share)”快乐与悲伤。8A.besides BdespiteCfor Dwithout解析：选D根据本空后的“You have saved my life”

47、可推测，如果“没有(without)”Irma, Elva不知道自己会怎么样。9A.acts BtriesCreplies Dfeels解析：选D本空前是Elva谈自己对Irma的感激之情，属于她的心理感受，故“feels(感受)”符合此处语境，表示Irma对Elva也怀有同样的感情。10A.backgrounds BrelationshipsCexperiences Dinterests解析：选B本空后的“belonging to community groups .having a network of friends”都属于“人际交往关系(relationships)”的范畴。11A.i

48、n spite of Bdue toCas well as Dinstead of解析：选C根据下一句“But .Quality beats quantity all the time”可知，下句说人际关系的质量重于数量，由此可推测，这句是说人际关系的数量很重要，故“belonging to community groups”和“having a network of friends”应该是并列关系。as well as表示“和”，符合此处语境。12A.protection BexaminationCtreatment Ddevelopment解析：选A根据上段中的“You have save

49、d my life”可知，拥有广泛的人际关系可以提供“保护(protection)”。13A.special BtrueCold Dpopular解析：选B根据本空后的“Quality beats quantity all the time”可知，这里是说有几个“真正的(true)”朋友最重要。14A.prefer BexpectCagree Dadvise解析：选C根据下文内容可知，Elva和Irma用实际行动诠释了朋友的意义，因此她们应该是“同意(agree)”有几个真正的朋友最重要。15A.son BfriendCrelative Ddaughter解析：选D第二段中的“Irma had

50、 lost her 21yearold daughter in a car accident”提示了本题答案。16A.finally BimmediatelyCsuddenly Dgradually解析：选B作为朋友，当Irma的丈夫去世后，Elva“马上(immediately)”去陪Irma并“帮忙(helped)”做家务及她力所能及的事情。17A.decided BplannedChelped Dmanaged解析：选C参见上题解析。18A.close BlateCregularly Dsadly解析：选A同样地，当Elva家出事后， Irma陪伴她左右。close“紧密地”。19A.o

51、rdered BsuggestedCrequested Dinsisted解析：选B加入一个失去亲人的互助小组是医生“建议(suggested)”Elva做的事。20A.and BthoughCor Dbecause解析：选DElva说她不需要加入这样的互助小组是“因为(because)”她有Irma。.语法填空Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he _1_ (notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy threw d

52、own his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car. _2_ elderly man, Jean Papich, eightyfour, sat in the drivers seat, _3_ (turn) the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventyeight, was looking _4_ (nervous) at him. Then Sammy walked _5_ the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped

53、on the warm asphalt (沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.It might be _6_ (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean _7_ (put) the car in neutral (空挡)Sammy could feel the ground trembling under his feet. He put his boots agai

54、nst the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of _8_ (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and _9_ (speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did _1

55、0_ I had to do.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy Armstrong在开车上班的路上解救了一辆卡在铁轨上的汽车。1noticed文章的整体时态为过去时，且主句中用的是过去进行时，故填noticed。2Anman在文中第一次提到，应用不定冠词，且elderly的读音以元音音素开头，故填An。3turning空处与句子主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，并与hitting并列，故填turning。4nervously副词作状语修饰动词，故填nervously。5behind根据下文的“pushed it forward”可知，此处表示走到车的后面推车，故填behind。6easier根据语境可知，向前推车不好推，所以他想向后面推可能更容易，故填easier。7to put此处为不定式作宾补，他向老人喊让老人挂空挡，故填to put。8feeta couple of后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填feet。9speechless与shocked并列，根据语境可知，应填speechless。10what分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作did的宾语，且空处在从句中充当do的宾语，故填what。