2019年英语新同步译林选修十（江苏专用）讲义：UNIT 3 SECTION Ⅰ WELCOME TO THE UNIT .doc

1、Section_Welcome_to_the_unit_&_Reading_PrereadingDo you know how many diseases smoking can lead to?Smoking causes nearly 1 in 5 deaths each year. About 8.6 million Americans suffer from smokingrelated health problems.CancerThe smokingcancer link is wellknown to most people: Smoking causes at least 30

2、% of all cancer deaths and 87% of lung cancer deaths, according to the American Cancer Society. Smoking increases the risk of at least 15 cancers, including those of the throat, lip, mouth and stomach.Diabetes (糖尿病)Diabetes and smoking dont mix. Tobacco use can increase blood sugar levels. The more

3、you smoke, the bigger your risk is. More than 20 cigarettes a day almost doubles a smokers risk of developing diabetes, compared with nonsmokers. “People with diabetes already have higher cardiovascular (心血管的) risks, ”says David Kendall of the American Diabetes Association. “Smoking just adds to the

4、 burden of that risk.”HeartSmoking can double the risk of dying from coronary heart disease (冠心病), the leading cause of death in the USA, the American Heart Association says. Each year, nearly 900, 000 people die of coronary heart disease. Thats because smoking narrows blood vessels supplying the he

5、art and other parts of the body; it also raises blood pressure.Pregnancy and childhoodDuring pregnancy, smoking increases the risk of complications (并发症) that can endanger a mothers life. It nearly doubles the risk of having a lowbirthweight baby. Smoking causes an estimated 910 infant deaths a year

6、, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Babies who breathe in secondhand smoke are at increased risk of other problems.SkinIf you want to have healthy skin, quit smoking.“The nicotine in cigarettes causes narrowing of the blood vessels in the outermost layers of your skin, ” s

7、ays Richard Hurt, director of the Nicotine Dependence Center. “Your skin doesnt get as much oxygen, an important nutrient.”He says tobacco contains more than 4, 000 chemicals, many of which can damage fibers that give skin its strength. Quitting improves skins health and appearance. Smoking also rai

8、ses the risk of skin cancers.Welcome to the unit1. Many people die or get ill every day for various reasons. Can you name some? diseases, natural disasters,_ traffic accidents, environment pollution,_ heavy work pressure, lack of exercise and so on.2. Among all these reasons, Aids,_ drinking, drugs

9、and smoking are four main killers.3. How much do you know about Aids?Are you familiar with this red ribbon? Whats it related to？What does it mean?Red ribbon is related to Aids. It means that we should give Aids patients love and care, understanding and support.FastreadingChoose the best answers acco

10、rding to the text.1How many people around the world catch HIV every day？AAbout 740, 000.BAbout 7, 000.CAbout 30 million. DAbout 68 million.2How does HIV affect the body?ABy attacking the bodys immune system.BBy entering a persons blood.CBy destroying a persons heart.DBy attacking the bodys digestive

11、 system.3Which of the following is not the way Aids spreads?AMothertochild transmission.BUnprotected sex.CShare the same cup.DBloodtoblood contact.4In which continent is the infection rate the highest?AIn Asia. BIn America.CIn Europe. DIn Africa.5Whats the purpose of the organization UNAIDS?ATo prov

12、ide free drugs for Aids patients.BTo train the doctors and nurses.CTo help prevent the spread of Aids.DTo help build hospitals in each country.答案：15. BACDCCarefulreading.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.1What is Aids caused by?A_virus_called_HIV.2What has been done in China

13、 to help control the spread of Aids?The_chinese_government_has_opened_labs_to_monitor_the_disease.And_in_2003_it_also_started_providing_free_drugs_for_Aids_patients.3Why didnt Ajani and his sister catch HIV from their mother?Because_his_mother_had_access_to_prescription_Aids_medicines_during_pregnan

14、cy.Read the text carefully and fill in the form.Aids todayCauseCaused by a virus called HIVIt enters a persons blood and 1.attacks the bodys immune system.2.SymptomsHIVpositive people have a 3.weakened immune system, which loses the ability to fight illness.Sometimes infected people have no outward

15、symptoms.Ways that HIV is spreadUnprotected sexThe most mon wayBloodtoblood contactMainly caused by sharing 5.needles or using infected blood during an operationMothertochild spreadSo some 6.affected women seek abortions.Measures taken by both China and 7.international organizationsThe government in

16、 China is trying its best to 8.control it.Opening labs to monitor the diseaseAnd also starting providing free 9.drugs for Aids patientsThe UN has set up an organization called UNAIDS.Providing people with HIV testingOffering programmesSetting up 10.treatment centres SummaryFill in the blanks accordi

17、ng to the text.Aids is caused by a 1.virus called HIV. When someone has Aids, the person loses the 2.ability to fight other illnesses. The 3.infected person often becomes very ill from usually mild sicknesses. HIV can be 4.passed_on through unprotected sex, through blood and from a mother to her chi

18、ld, of 5.which unprotected sex is the most common way. Since Aids 6.burst_on_the_scene in the 1980s, it has become a serious problem around the world. Something must be done to stop the disease. China has also been affected by Aids. In a 7.bid to control the problem, the government has opened labs t

19、o 8.monitor the disease and in 2003 it also started providing free drugs for Aids patients. The UN has been very active in 9.fighting Aids and HIV around the world. UNAIDS was founded in 1996 with the 10.agenda of helping prevent the spread of Aids. DiscussionWhy do you think people do things that a

20、re harmful to their health and lives?_参考答案：I think there are a number of reasons why people do these things. The first reason is that they do not know how serious the results of their actions are. People may be curious about taking drugs and want to try something new. They may think, “I will just tr

21、y this once, and I will not become addicted to it.” People may also be influenced by their idols, such as TV or pop stars. Fans may see their idols smoking, and think it is cool, so they copy their idols and smoke too. Some people just do not obey the law. For instance, no one should drive after dri

22、nking. However, some people think that they will be lucky and nothing will happen to them. Finally, some people do not have enough knowledge about how to protect themselves. Maybe they do not know that one can be infected with Aids through a blood transfusion, when the hospital has not checked for Aids, or unprotected sex.