人教版新目标初一下册英语unit8知识点.doc

1、Unit 8 Is there a post office near here？ 一、知识概述1学习和掌握本单元出现的生单词、词组和句型。2学习和掌握there be句型的含义和用法。3学习和掌握where引导的特殊疑问句用法。4学习和掌握方位介词in, on, under, behind, near及词组in front of, across from等的用法。的用法。二、语音知识三、单元重难点解析1词汇篇：post office police stationhotel restaurantbank hospitalstreet roadavenue pay phonepark garden

2、bridge librarysupermarket airportclothes store bookstoreschool2Is there a hospital near here？ 这附近有医院吗？Yes, there is. Its on Bridge Street. 是的，有。在Bridge大街上。There be句型表示“某处有或存在某人或某物”，该句型在使用时应注意以下几点。（1）句型搭配句型构成：“引导词There+连系动词be+主语(人/物)+地点(介词短语或副词)”。e.g.There isa book on the table.桌子上有一本书。There isan app

3、le over there.那里有一个苹果。（2）名词及主谓一致当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，其谓语必须用单数is；当主语是可数名词复数时，其谓语必须用复数are。e.g.There is a riverin the picture.画里有一条河。There are two childrenin the room.房间里有两个孩子。如果There be句型后的主语是几个并列的名词时，则根据离谓语be最近的名词的数确定be的形式，即该名词是单数，be用is；如该名词是复数，be用are。e.g.There is a bird and two boysin the tree.树上有一只鸟和两

4、个男孩。There are some apples and a birdin the tree.树上有一些苹果和一只鸟。（3）There be句型常用的修饰词与句式当主语是单数名词时常用不定冠词a/an来修饰；当表示有“一些”时，常用some于肯定句或表示建议、邀请的疑问句中，用any于否定句或疑问句中。e.g.There are some girlsin the room.房间里有几个女孩。Are there any birdsin the tree？树上有些鸟吗？在构成一般疑问句时，其句型结构为： Is + there + a/an + 单数名词 + 介词短语？ Is + there +

5、不可数名词 + 介词短语？ Are + there + any + 复数名词 + 介词短语？ Is + there + any + 不可数名词 + 介词短语？回答用Yes, there is/are.或No, there isnt/arent.e.g.Is there a ballon the table？桌子上有个球吗？No, there isnt. 没有。Are there any childrennear the door？门边有些孩子吗？Yes, there are.有。There be句型的特殊疑问句构成为： How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语？ H

6、ow much + 不可数名词 + is + there + 介词短语？这种句型主要用来询问“某处有多少人或物”。e.g.How many students are therein your class？你们班有多少学生？How much water is therein the bottle？那个瓶子里有多少水？典型例题讲解：There _ some milk（牛奶）, two eggs and a few cakes on the table.Ais BareChas Dhave答案：A解析：be动词的单复数应与后面邻近名词的数保持一致，some milk为不可数名词，故选A。3The p

7、ay phone is across from the library.译文电话亭在图书馆对面。across from意为“在对面”，和opposite同义。e.g.Theres a school justacross fromour house.我们房子对面有一所学校。The museum isacross fromthe gym.博物馆在体育馆的对面。方位介词：（1）The pay phone is on Green Street.电话亭在格林大街上。on为方位介词(prep.)，表示“在上面”，物体与物体之间有接触面。e.g.My pen isonmy desk.我的钢笔在桌上。（钢笔和

8、桌子有接触面）No one isonthe balcony.没有人在阳台上。（人和阳台有接触面）There is a rugonthe floor.在地板上有一床地毯。（地板和地毯有接触面）There are many booksonmy desk.在我的书桌上有很多书。（书和桌子有接触面）（2）The pay phone is next to the library.电话亭在图书馆旁边。next to为方位介词短语，表示“在的旁边”。e.g.There is a sofanext tothe table.桌子旁边有一个沙发。（3）The pay phone is between the po

9、st office and the library.电话亭在邮局和图书馆中间。between表示二者之间，可指人、物、数量、时间、空间等。e.g.He sitsbetweenMary and John.他坐在玛丽和约翰之间。Thatsbetweenyou and me.那是你我之间的事。（4）The pay phone is in front of the library.电话亭在图书馆前面。in front of为固定搭配，表示“在前面”。e.g.There is a catin front ofthe dog.在那条狗前面有一只猫。There are some studentsin fro

10、nt ofthe building.在那栋楼前面有一些学生。辨析：in front of和in the front ofin front of表示“在（外面的）前面”，而in the front of表示“在（里面的）前面”。（里the外不the）e.g.There is a treein front ofthe house.房子前有一棵树。（树在房子外面）There is a TV setin the front ofthe room.在房间前面有台电视机。（电视机在房间里面）（5）The pay phone is behind the library.电话亭在图书馆后面。behind表示“

11、在的后面”，常位于表示静止状态的动词后，其反义词组为in front of。e.g.She sitsbehindme.她坐在我后面。4Practice：on the box in the boxunder the box in front of the boxbehind the box between the two boxeson the left of the box on the right of the box5There is a zoo in my neighborhood.译文在我附近有一个动物园。在附近，可以用near here, around here和in ones ne

12、ighborhood来表示。e.g.Is there a post officenear here？= Is there a post officearound here？= Is there a post officein your neighborhood？这附近有邮局吗？6To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road. Then I walk along Bridge Road. The zoo is on the right.译文要去动物园的话，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐。然后我沿着大桥路直走，动物园就

13、在右边了。（1）这是英语行文的一种方式，即在句子的开头用To do短语，并用逗号将其与句子的主体部分隔开，相当于汉语“（若）要做的话”。e.g.To listen to world news, please key in “1”.若要收听国际新闻，请键入“1”。To get it right, you must think hard.要想把它做对，你必须得认真思考。（2）turn right表示“向右转”，“向左转”则是turn left，walk along则表示“沿着路走”，另外如果表示“直走”的话可以用go/walk straight。turn left go along/straigh

14、t turn right7The best things in life are free!译文生活中最美好的东西（指文中“清新的空气”和“阳光”）是免费的呀！free表示“免费的”，“有空的，空闲的（地）”。e.g.Im very busy with school from Monday to Friday, but I havesome free timeon weekends.我周一到周五非常忙，但在周末我有空。You can take this book with youitsfree!你可以拿走这本书，它是免费的。Are youfreetomorrow？ I want you to

15、come to my birthday party.你明天有空吗？我想请你来参加我的生日聚会。8It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.译文图书馆很安静，我喜欢在那里看书。enjoy是动词，意思是“喜欢，欣赏，享受的乐趣”。e.g.Thanks for the great evening. I reallyenjoyed it.感谢这美好的晚会。我真的玩得很开心。拓展：enjoy的相关用法及短语：（1）enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事e.g.Ienjoy watchingTV.我喜爱看电视。（2）enjoy oneself=have a good time 过得快活，玩得痛快e.g.They allenjoyed themselvesat the party.他们在聚会上都玩得非常高兴。（3）（祝愿时说）过愉快些，好好欣赏e.g.Heres a book for you.Enjoy!给你一本书。好好欣赏吧!