2020-2021学北师大版高中英语选修8教案：UNIT22 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 22 Environmental Protectionecology n. greenhouse effectfashionable adj. industrialisation n.botanical adj. endanger vt. enforce vt. negative adj.consensus n. brewery n. landslide n. soundproof adj.drought n. ray n. tsunami n. rail n.federal adj. pin vt. typhoon n. warehouse n.bounce vi. pancake

2、 n. offshore adj. decibel n.hurricane n. species n. catastrophe n. pest n.hook n. leopard n. clay n. trunk n.grand adj. extinct adj. howl vi. tusk n. arm vt. habitat n. dust n. carve vt.&vi.rainfall n. tortoise n. roll vi. boycott n.fragile adj. Tibet n. plug vt. sacrifice vt.&vi.1(2020新高考全国卷)Jennif

3、er sacrificed to achieve her goal，giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.牺牲2(2018北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.困住单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1trap vt.使困住2claim vt.声称3condemn vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；谴责，指责4seize

4、 vt.依法没收；(用武力)夺取5rough adj.艰难的6substitute n代替品，代用品7advocate vt.主张，提倡8principle n原则，道德准则9relevant adj.有关的；相关的用所给词的适当形式填空。1In the conference last week many experts advocated(advocate) rewarding your child for good behaviour.2She seized(seize) on my suggestion and began work immediately.3Ray changed hi

5、s mind，claiming(claim) that he had been forced into confessing.10agriculture n. 农业；农艺，农学11sacrifice vi.&vt.牺牲，献出12recycle vt.回收利用13changeable adj.多变的14means n手段；方法 15construct vt.建造16potential n可能性，潜在性17calculate vt.计算，算出18conservation n保护19._corrupt adj.腐败的，贪污受贿的20mainland_n大陆21scale n规模，范围22thunde

6、rstorm n雷暴，雷雨23quake vi.震动；颤动 n地震24brick_n砖，砖块25slip vi.滑，滑落26mountainous_adj.多山的27quilt n被褥，被子28cushion_n坐垫，靠垫29valid adj.有效的，有充分理由的30flee vi.&vt.逃跑，逃走4The stream has frozen up; you can see the fish trapped(trap) in the ice.5She was the only politician to_condemn(condemn) the proposed law on moral

7、grounds.6He_calculated(calculate) his gains and losses of money and the result was a minus.7For foreign holidays you have to get a valid(value) passport all the time.8They are working at developing harmless substitutes(substitute) for these gases.9The panic people fled(flee) in all directions at the

8、 strange noise from the sky.10Nowadays tractors are used even in remote mountainous(mountain) regions.派生单词语境运用1coincidence n巧合coincident adj.同时发生的2finance n资金financial adj.财政的，金融的3reserve n保护区vt.保留；预订reserved adj.预定的；保留的reservation n预订；保留4threat n威胁threaten vt.威胁5separate vt.分离；分开adj.不同的；各自的separati

9、on n分离，分开6adopt vt.采用；收养adoption n采用；收养7allocate vt.分配，配给allocation n分配；配给8politics n政治(活动)political adj.政治的politician n政治家9consider v考虑considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的consideration n考虑；体贴10irrigate v灌溉irrigation n. 灌溉11sharp adj. 锋利的；急剧的sharpen vi.&vt. 削尖；磨快sharpener n. 卷笔刀，磨石12evolve v逐步发展；进化evolution n.

10、 (生物)进化，演变13consult v咨询；请教consultant n顾问用所给词的适当形式填空。1At last，I consider we should take on responsibility for ourselves and the people who involved in，we need to be considerate and thoughtful.(consider)2The chemical company threaten the living condition，and the threat can be serious.(threat) 3With th

11、e acceleration of globalization process on economy and finance，financial competition became severely.(finance) 4And just in pure political terms，no politician wants to do that.(politics) 5When we were told the table we reserved had been occupied，we were angry and didnt want to cancel our reservation

12、.(reserve)6We left in separate direction，and the separation made the two of us upset.(separate)7Mr.White is the adopted son of Mrs Green，who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.Thanks to her adoption，Mr.White could receive a good education and became an engineer.(adopt)8A large sum has be

13、en allocated for buying new books for the library.The allocation is of great importance to our school librarys construction.(allocate)9Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution(evolve)10The man was a consultant(consult) to the Swedish government at that time. 短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1_earn

14、_ones_living 谋生2as_a_matter_of_fact 实际上3look_ahead展望未来，向前看4result_in导致5break_away_from摆脱，脱离(某种思想体系、团体、组织)6a_number_of一些7beyond_ones_control超出的控制，不受的控制8take_action 采取行动选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。In order to earn_their_living，a_number_of the parents of our students went to work in big cities.They earned more money

15、 but their absence resulted_in their childrens bad performance at school.As_a_matter_of_fact，some children got beyond their grandparents control.9sum_up总结，概括10on_somebodys_behalf_代表11lead_to引起，导致12apart_from除以外13answer_for(对已产生的不良后果)负责任14carry_off掠去，夺走15call_for_an_end_to_sth. 要求结束16refer_to指，意即17wr

16、ap_up 结束18for_good_(and_all) 永久地，永远19ahead_of在前面，胜过20all_the_best一切顺利，万事如意21or_else 否则，不然选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。With more and more factories built in my hometown，a lot of agricultural land has been carried_off，which has led_to the rise of the produces price.Apart_from this，the air and rivers have been pollut

17、ed.Obviously，the factories should answer_for the consequences.So on behalf of the villagers benefit，the local government has decided to call_for_an_end_to the factories illegal behaviours.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1given作介词或连词Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global

18、temperatures is not merely a coincidence.考虑到他们没有经验，他们的工作算做得很好了。Given_that_they_are_inexperienced，theyve done a good job.2拟人修辞手法The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.天安门前这两只石狮见证了许多重大历史事件。The_two_stone_lions_standing_in_front

19、_of_Tiananmen_have_seen many great historic events.1reserve vt.储备；保留；预定 n储备；贮藏；保护区 (1)reserve sth. for.为保留某物in reserve备用(2)reservation n预订；保留意见without reservation毫无保留地make a reservation预订，预约nature reserve 自然保护区reserve your strength 留点力气基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Beijing was once a city of bikes，known as the Bic

20、ycle Kingdom，where cars were_reserved (reserve) for official business and the politically powerful.Frankly speaking，I have little money in reserve.I recommend him without reservation as I believe you will appreciate his ability in his studies.“Its such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the ta

21、ble reserving for customers.reservingreserved链接写作完成句子在美国，多乘员汽车有专行道。In the United States lanes are_reserved_for_cars_with more than one occupant.(be reserved for)2seize vt.抓住；捉住；(用武力)夺取；依法没收 seize sb.by the身体部位抓住某人某个部位seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会seize sth.from sb.从某人那里夺走/抢走某物be seized with 患病；突

22、然感到seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊seize a thief 抓小偷seize power 夺权基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Maggie seized the letter from her and began to read out loudly.He seized her by the arm.He was seized with a cold.Before he could run away，she seized him by his collar.histhe链接写作完成句子我会抓住这次绝好的机会出国深造。I will_seize_the_golden_ch

23、ance to go abroad for further study.3substitute vt. & vi. (用)替代；取代 n代替品，代用品 (1)substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用A代替/取代Bsubstitute for 代替，取代(2)a substitute for.的替代者a milk substitute 代乳制品a substitute teacher 代课老师基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错As the saying goes，in war，there is no substitute for victory.Can y

24、ou substitute for the singer who is ill?She is seeking a substitute with the very man whose departure made her cry.withfor链接写作一句多译在我看来，我们必须用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子。As far as Im concerned，we must substitute_a_new_chair_for_the_ broken_one.(substitute.for)As far as Im concerned，we must substitute_the_broken_chai

25、r_with_ a_new_one.(substitute.with)4trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困障 n陷阱；圈套；捕捉机 (1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套be/get trapped in被困在中(2)fall into the trap of doing sth.落入的圈套set/lay a trap for 为设圈套get out of a trap 摆脱圈套基础练习写出下列句中trap的词性及含义The only thing the wolf could do was climbing up to the ground

26、 from the trap.n.陷阱 Its no longer possible to trap a sensible man into marriage.vt.诱骗，使陷入圈套 The police set a trap to catch the thief.n.圈套 Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.vt.使陷入困境链接写作完成句子很容易掉进这样一个陷阱：你很想多谈论你的问题。Its easy to fall_into_the_trap of wanting to talk on and on about y

27、our problem.5advocate vt.主张，提倡 n提倡者，拥护者 advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事advocate that.主张从句谓语动词用(should)动词原形be an advocate for/of拥护者advocate rewarding your child for good behavior 提倡对孩子的良好表现加以奖励基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错We advocate solving(solve) the Syria issue by negotiations.As president，Bush was also a st

28、rong advocate for immigration reform.The report advocated that all buildings were fitted with smoke detectors.werebe链接写作句式升级(普通表达)They advocate that they (should) reduce air pollution.(高级表达)They advocate_reducing air pollution.(简单句)(高级表达)It_is_advocated_that they should reduce air pollution.(it作形式主语

29、)6adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养 (1)adopt a policy/habit 采用某项政策/习惯(2)adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的adoptable adj.可收养的，可采用的adoption n采用，采纳；收养adopt a child 领养孩子adopt ones suggestion 采纳某人的建议the adopted son 养子基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错The new policy is expected to_be_adopted_(adopt)at the next meeting.Danny is their adopted(adopt) son.

30、She refused to give the child up for adoption(adopt)The new technology has been more widely adapted.adaptedadopted链接写作完成句子结果，他们采纳了我的建议，一切像计划好的一样顺利。As a result，they adopted_my_advice，and everything went well as planned.7means n. 方式，方法；手段 by means of借助的手段by all means可以，当然行；尽一切办法，务必by no means决不，一点也不(置

31、于句首，其后要倒装)by this means用这种方法基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.Only by this means is it possible to persuade him.As is known to us all，Marry succeeded by means of hard working.They have tried all means，which is possibly helpful.isare链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Ill f

32、orgive you this time，but you shall by no means make the mistake again.(高级表达)Ill forgive you this time，but by_no_means_shall_you_make_the_ mistake_again.(倒装句)8coincidence n巧合；同时发生；一致 (1)by coincidence碰巧，巧合的是It is/was a coincidence that.是巧合的What a coincidence！真巧！(2)coincide v巧合coincide with.与同时发生，一致(3

33、)coincident adj.巧合的；一致的基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错By coincidence，we arrived here at the same time.The two murder cases were so similar to each other; it was not a coincidence at all.The results of theory is coincident (coincidence) with that of experiment.With coincidence a bus arrived as we reached the empty b

34、us stop，but we ignored it.WithBy链接写作完成句子我今天下午的两个面试时间上错不开。My two interviews this afternoon coincide_with_each_other.(coincide with)9considerate adj.体贴的，想得周到的 (1)be considerate to/toward/of sb.体贴某人Its considerate of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是周到be considerate to do sth.(做某事)周到的，体贴的(2)consider vt.考虑；认为conside

35、r doing sth.考虑做某事consider sb.(to be/as).认为某人是all things considered综观一切，将一切考虑在内(3)considerable adj.相当大的；相当多的(4)considering prep.& conj. 考虑到，鉴于be considerate to the old 对老人很体贴take sth.into consideration 考虑到某事基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Since I am now preparing for the College Entrance Examination，my mother is very

36、 considerate of me.I seriously considered resigning(resign)Considered the strength of the opposition，we did very well to score two goals.ConsideredConsidering链接写作句式升级(普通表达)He took all the aspects into consideration and designed a good pattern.(高级表达)Taking_all_the_aspects_into_consideration，he design

37、ed a good pattern.(现在分词作状语)(高级表达)All_the_aspects_taken_into_consideration，he designed a good pattern.(独立主格)10refer to 涉及，提及；谈到；参考；查阅；指的是 (1)refer to sb./sth.提及某人/事refer to the dictionary/notes查词典/笔记(2)reference n提及；征求；查阅make a reference to提到，谈到reference book参考书refer to the notes 参阅笔记refer to global

38、warming提到全球气候变暖基础练习写出下列句中refer to的含义Dont refer to this matter again，please.提及For further particulars，please refer to Chapter Ten.查阅Excuse me，what do these words in brackets refer to？指的是链接写作完成句子提到的那本书不在图书馆。The book referred_to is not in the library.11lead to 引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向 高考原句2020全国卷Studies show th

39、at friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace.lead sb.to sth.引领某人lead sb.to do sth.引导某人做某事lead the way领路；处于领先地位lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走lead a.life过着的生活基础练习单句语法填空You may wonder how paving a road can lead to less useable fresh water.I want to know what led you to_take(take) up acting as

40、a career.The old couple lead a happy life now.链接写作完成句子什么使得你得出了这个结论？What led_you_to_this_conclusion？(lead sb.to)12answer for 对负责；为受谴责 in answer (to sth.)as a reply 作为回应answer (sb.) back 反驳；回嘴；顶嘴answer to sb.(for sth.) 向某人(为某事)负责；对某人承担(某事的)责任基础练习单句语法填空The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call

41、.Stop answering your mother back!链接写作完成句子必须让他为严重罪行付出代价。He must be made to answer_for_his_terrible_crimes.(answer for)13in turn 依次；轮流；反过来 by turns 轮流，交替地take turns doing/to do sth.轮流做某事its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事in return 作为回报in return for.作为的回报基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错He gets cheerful and depressed by tur

42、ns.The pupils took turns(turn) reading out their compositions.I am on duty today，its my turn to_clean(clean) the classroom.When it was my turns to speak，my confidence suddenly deserted me.turnsturn链接写作一句多译他们轮流开车。They_took_turns_to_drive_the_car.They_took_turns_in_driving_the_car.They_drove_the_car_b

43、y_turns.14(教材P6)Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据，看起来人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。 句法句式本句中given为介词，意思为“鉴于”(表示原因)。另外，它还可以与that连用，构成连词，引导原因状语从句。引导原因状语从句的这类连词还有：considering (that) 鉴于，考虑到seeing that 既然，鉴于名师点津下列

44、连词引导的是条件状语从句：assuming(that)；provided/providing(that)；suppose/supposing(that)基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Given(give) that he supports us，well win the election.Considering(consider) he was still a boy，I forgave him.I will agree to go provided/providing_(provide) that my expenses are paid.Supposed that you come int

45、o a lot of money，what would you do then？SupposedSupposing链接写作完成句子考虑到你生病了，我们最好推迟会议。Given_that_you_are_sick，wed better put off the meeting.15(教材P10)The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境灾难大规模出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。 句法句式句中Th

46、e last few years作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。拟人修辞手法把事物人格化，使本来不具备人的动作和感情的一些动、植物变得像人一样能说能笑。英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词；谓语动词常为see，witness，find等。基础练习单句语法填空The last 30 years have_witnessed(witness) the rapid development of China.The National Day of this year saw(see) so many traffi

47、c jams on the expressway.链接写作完成句子我们的城市四季分明，阳光和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点儿冷。Our city witnessed_four_different_seasons，plenty of sunshine and good rainfall，but in winter you may feel a little cold.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1There is a narrow road leading(lead)to the old house.2As teachers，we should be considerate(

48、consider) of our students feelings. And then they will trust us.3Given(give)that there is no traffic delay，I will be here on time.4Soon the adopted(adopt) child became very fond of her adoptive parents.5To release advocates reading(read) aloud to children as soon as possible.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1It isnt wi

49、se to spend all your salaries every month.Keep some money in reserve，just in case.2Language is the carrier of culture and in turn its influenced by culture.3If you go on doing this，we wont answer for the consequence.4That kind of luck is not real and only happens by coincidence.5The room connects wi

50、th the dining hall by means of a hallway. 查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1I never felt I achieved a lot，apart from bringing(bring) my children into the world.2If there had been any talking，it would have_caused (cause) us to learn less.3As we joined the big crowd I got separated (separate) from my friends.4The

51、 government has made a drive to get rid of corruption(corrupt) among its staff.5The book provides new solutions to the longterm problem of water conservation(conserve)6Over the last few years tourism here has_developed (develop)considerably.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1All in all，it has been a pretty bad year for

52、him due to the accident.2These comments on the Internet are not directly relevant to this enquiry.3Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of_schedule.4Louise is determined to get rid of smoking for good and all. 5There are more than 300 active volcanoes, some of which erupt every year.6

53、The number of people asking to go there now_is on the increase. 强技提能语言应用.语法填空根据P6教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature，1.which in turn leads to climate change.Scientists hold the view that it could be one of the biggest problems 2.faci

54、ng (face) the 21st century.Some of the scientists have reported that it is human beings that 3.are_causing (cause) changes in the Earths climate；for in the last 50 years，gases 4.pumped (pump) into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and vehicles have been speeding up the process of global warming

55、.It seems that the link between human activities and 5.rising (rise) global temperatures is not 6.merely (mere) a coincidence according to some date.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge 7.quantities (quantity)，we are condemning life on Earth 8.and should expect sever

56、e consequences.After all，theres no substitute 9.for our Earth，so each person should take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide together with the governments 10.to_save (save) the Earth.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)上周一自然保护区的一头狮子挣脱牢笼逃离动物园，此事引起了人们的恐慌。Last Monday saw that a_lion_from_the_natu

57、ral_reserve_broke_away_from_its_ cage and fled the zoo and it led to a panic.据说失去控制的狮子非常危险。The_lion_which_could_not_be_controlled_was_believed to be very dangerous.鉴于人们的生命受到威胁，警方主张孩子们除了乘车上学外均须待在家里。Given_that_peoples_lives_were_threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart f

58、rom going to school by bus.最终，因为警方采用一位猎人的方法，把这头狮子困在了陷阱里。At last，adopting_a_hunters_means，the police trapped the lion in a trap.要是没有这位猎人的帮助，这头狮子不会这么快被捉住。Without the hunters help，the lion couldnt_have_been_caught_so_soon.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用定语从句升级句Last Monday saw that a lion from the natur

59、al reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo，which_led_to_a_panic.(2)用介词短语升级句The lion beyond_control was believed to be very dangerous.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)Last Monday saw that a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo，which led to a panic.The lion beyo

60、nd control was believed to be very dangerous.Given that peoples lives were threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus.At last，adopting a hunters means，the police trapped the lion in a trap.Without the hunters help，the lion couldnt have been caught so soon.