2022高考外研版英语一轮学案：必修3 MODULE 4 SANDSTORMS IN ASIA WORD版含答案.doc

1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1sandstorm n沙尘暴2inland adj. 内地的；内陆的3mass adj. 大量的；大规模的4campaign n. 战役；活动5dune n. 沙丘6mask n. 面罩(二)背重点单词写对才行1process_n. 进程；过程 2forecast_vt. 预报；预告 3citizen n. 公民；市民4recycle v. 重新利用；再循环 5garbage n. 废料；垃圾(三)背拓展单词用准才行1coast n海岸；海滨coasta

2、l_adj. 沿海的2dust n沙尘；灰尘dusty adj.布满灰尘的3cycle vi. 骑自行车cyclist n骑自行车的人4evident adj.明显的evidence_n根据；证明5complain vi.抱怨；发牢骚complaint n抱怨 6environment n. 环境environmental adj.环境的7major adj.主要的；多数的vi.主修majority n大多数 8pollute vt.污染pollution n污染pollutant n污染物9protect vt.保护protection n保护protective adj.保护的；防护的10

3、chemistry n化学chemical n. 化学药品chemist n化学家，药剂师11scare v使害怕，吓跑scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的scared adj.害怕的12urge vt.催促；极力主张urgent adj.紧急的urgency_n紧急情况13strong adj.强壮的；坚强的strength n力量；力气strengthen vt.加强14fright n害怕；恐惧frighten vt.使害怕frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的frightened adj.害怕的 15absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absoluteness n绝对；完全

4、absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 16concern n& vt.关心；担心；与相关concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的concerning prep.关于；就而言语境活用1These tress need your protection,_so your protective_measures can protect them from being damaged. (protect)2Knowing our strength is very important. But the most important is to strengthen the ties w

5、ith the people around us.(strength)3The horror movie frightened me to death when I thought about the frightening plot. That is to say, I was very frightened. (fright)4The teacher urged_that the students should be taught how to take urgent action in urgency.(urgent)5Our parents are more concerned abo

6、ut our health and future. As far as Im concerned,_we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns.(concern)(四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的背词条用法(1)as/so far as . be concerned就而言be concerned about/for 关心；挂念be concerned with/in . 牵扯进/参与(2)show/express ones concern about/f

7、or对表示关心/担心背写作佳句(2019全国卷书面表达)As far as Im concerned，we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match.我认为，为了在比赛中表现出色，我们必须充分准备，刻苦训练。(2020浙江高考写作)And Im writing to show our genuine concern for your health.我写信来表达我们对您健康的真诚的关心。(2018全国卷)It does point out that many parents st

8、ill limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.报告指出，许多父母仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心屏幕时间增加。2urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的背词条用法urge sb.to do/into doing sth.力劝/敦促某人做某事urge that .(should) do sth. 极力主张；强烈要求It is urged that .(should) do sth.坚决要求背写作佳句I cant go shopping with you because somethin

9、g urgent has happened.因为发生了紧急的事情，我不能和你一起去购物了。My ambition to be a doctor always urged me to study very hard.我想成为一名医生的志向总是激励我努力学习。He urged that much of the poverty be wiped out.他敦促消除大部分的贫困。(五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1take_in吸收；欺骗；理解2take_away 取走；拿走3cut_down 砍倒；削减；缩小4give_out_ 放出；发出5put_._into_. 把放进6b

10、e_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)；被困住；遇到7look_through 浏览；翻阅；快速查看8as_a_result_of 由于的原因/结果9wake_up_to 醒来面对；意识到10have_a_bad_effect_on 对有坏影响11one_after_another 一个接一个地12in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲重点短语拓展用活1cut down砍倒；削减；缩小背相关短语cut in打断(谈话)，超车cut up 切碎；切开cut off 停止，中断(供给)；中断(电话通话等)cut back on 削减，减少背写作佳句Besides, many trees

11、are being cut down, making many animals lose their homes. 此外，许多树木被砍伐，使许多动物失去它们的家园。I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell phone or cut off the internet.我宁愿关掉电视，也不愿关掉手机或切断网络。I call on every student to do our part to cut back on the use of plastic bags.我呼吁每个学生尽自己的一份力量来减少塑料袋的使用。2take in吸

12、收；收留；包括；理解；领会；欺骗背相关短语take off脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)take care of 照顾，照料take .into consideration考虑take .for example 以为例背写作佳句Hopefully you will take my suggestion into consideration.希望你能考虑我的建议。(2017全国卷书面表达)I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in adv

13、ance, which will help you better take in the poems to be learned.我建议你提前了解唐代的历史，这会帮助你更好地理解你要学的诗歌。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.(so . that .引导结果状语从句)它们通常很浓厚，以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。

14、佳句(2019天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support.汤姆如此独立，以至于他从来都不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到父母的支持。佳句I am so sorry that I wont be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon. 非常抱歉，明天下午我不能参加美国历史的讲座了。2The storms sometimes continue all day an

15、d traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.“make itadj./n.(for sb.)to do .”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语 暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。佳句We should make it a duty to protect our environment.我们应该把保护环境作为一种责任。佳句The volunteers cleared away the snow on the street to make it safe

16、for people to walk on.志愿者清除街道上的积雪，使人们在上面安全行走。佳句In addition，every student can be in harmony with foreign friends, which makes it easy for you to get along with them.此外，每个学生都会与外国朋友和谐相处，这使你很容易与他们相处。同主题佳句熟读成诵1Many people worry that our energy will run out quickly if we use it in an unchecked way. 许多人担心，

17、如果不控制能源的使用的话，我们的能源将会很快被耗尽。2There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this global warming.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。3Having realized the importance of protecting the environment, the local farmers tried their best to keep the balance of nat

18、ure.意识到保护环境的重要性后，当地的农民尽他们最大的努力来保持自然的平衡。(二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点感谢信(二)题目要求假定你是李华，今年春节去新西兰度假一周。你的朋友Luke招待了你。请给他写一封信，表示感谢，内容包括：1你玩得很开心；2谢谢他的招待；3邀请他来中国旅游。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。背范文Dear Luke, Im writing to convey my heartfelt gratitude to you for your kind help and tender care during my stay in N

19、ew Zealand, without which I couldnt have enjoyed myself so much.During the week, the comfortable accommodation, delicious meals and your friendly family members all made me feel warm, leaving me everlasting memories. Furthermore, guided by you I was honored to have the chance to visit places of inte

20、rest and be exposed to a unique culture as well as beautiful scenery. It was your generous help that enabled me to have a better understanding of your country.Thanks again for your kind help and Im sincerely looking forward to showing you around in China in the near future. All the best wishes to yo

21、u.Yours，Li Hua学亮点1学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：convey ones heartfelt gratitude to, everlasting, furthermore, be honored to, be exposed to, show sb. around等。(2)准确运用复杂句式结构，如：非限制性定语从句without which I couldnt have enjoyed myself so much；现在分词短语作状语leaving me everlasting memories；过去分词短语作状语guided by you；强调句型It was yo

22、ur generous help that enabled .等。这些高级表达为文章增色不少，也彰显了考生扎实的语言功底。2学精彩结尾结尾先用Thanks again for .再次表示感谢，体现了感情的真挚，然后用Im sincerely looking forward to showing .诚恳地邀请朋友来中国旅游。最后表达了祝愿。3防微点失分考生容易在“During the week, the comfortable accommodation, .all made me feel warm .”中的feel前加上动词不定式符号to，或把“Furthermore, guided by

23、you I was honored .be exposed to a unique culture as well as beautiful scenery.”中的a误用成an，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识 全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1The kids were all wearing masks (面罩)2(2020全国卷)The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化)3(2020全国卷)Im telling them they cant open what they

24、absolutely (绝对地) know is a door.4We can make plans ahead according to the weather forecast(预报)5I hold to my belief that development shouldnt be at the cost of the environment_(环境)6(2019江苏高考)To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens (公民) started to use smart phones.根据语境写出加黑部分的

25、汉语意思1One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.过程2In northern China during spring big sandstorms often make trouble for people.沙尘暴3(2020江苏高考)There will still be lots of challenges if we are to classify garbage in a short time.垃圾 4Armed with this knowledge，theyre

26、able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.活动5The Atlantic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.内陆的6Desertification is the gradual and dangerous degradation of productive land into useless desert.沙漠化7(熟词生义)(2020全国卷)Recognize all

27、 of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.优点8(熟词生义)(2019全国卷)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.聚集.单句语法填空1The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took masses (mass) of pictures of them. 2.Convenient

28、as plastic bags are for people, they will cause white pollution (pollute)3.With no one to turn to in such a frightening (frighten) situation, she felt very helpless.4Qingdao is a most beautiful coastal (coast) city and I think Ill go there for a second time.5Only when you have obtained enough eviden

29、ce can you come to a sound conclusion (conclude)6As Zhong Nanshan puts it, a surgical mask is enough if one uses it for daily protection (protect)名师点拨“一站清”(1)英语中以“te”结尾的动词变成名词时，常去掉e，再加ion。(2)名词后加“en”后缀，可以变成动词，如frighten, strengthen, soften, broaden等。重点练深化高频考点1concerned明其义adj.关心的；担心的；有关的通其用(1)单句语法填空Th

30、e opinion concerning (concern) this hot topic varies from person to person. Housing problem has become one of the biggest concerns (concern) for people in big cities. Parents should keep in touch with their children now and then, and be_concerned (concern) about their psychological demands.(2)翻译句子就我

31、而言，没有什么比健康更重要。As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_nothing_is_more_important_than_being_healthy.解其困concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的；担忧的”，如：a concerned look“关切的神色”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的；相关的”，如：the authorities concerned“有关当局”。2urgent明其义adj.紧急的；迫切的通其用(1)单句语法填空Only when we are aware of the urgency (urgent) of doing best today

32、can we boost a better tomorrow. As part of domestic modernization, public transportation needs to be developed urgently_(urgent) in China. I really hope the suggestions from your readers can be helpful in solving the urgent (urgency) problem.(2)补全句子To begin with, it_is_urgent_to_create nature reserv

33、es. 首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。The President urged_that_all_Party_members_unite to strive for comprehensively building a welloff society.主席敦促全体党员团结起来，为全面建成小康社会而奋斗。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力 词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空take in，take away，cut down，give out，be caught in，look through，as a result of，have a bad effect on1.I saw a m

34、an giving_out_handbills in the street this morning. 2Even when the roses were taken_away,_the smell lingered on in the room.3.Even though the computer games had_a_bad_effect_on him, he still went his own way.4My time was limited and I just looked_through my notes before the examination. 5.To our dis

35、appointment, we were late for the World Cup Final as we were_caught_in the traffic jam. 6The rainforest is being cut_down at high speeds and it may disappear from the earth one day. 7I wanted to have a good rest because recently I often felt tired as_a_result_of my heavy study burden. 8.Its said tha

36、t nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.名师点拨“一站清”(1)give out除了“分发，发出”，还有“用完”之意。(2)have a .effect on 相当于have a .influence on, 意为“对有的影响”。(3)be caught in意为“遭遇，陷入”，而不是“被抓住”的意思。(4)take in有“吸收，领会，欺骗，改小”等多种意思，注意其在不同的语境中的运用。.易错对对碰辨析比较1give out VS gi

37、ve off VS give away比较The wild flowers give_off/out_a nice smell.He gave_away the secret through carelessness. The teacher gave_out the examination papers.辨清(1)在表示“发出”光、热、声音、气味等，give out与give off常可换用。但give out还有“分发，用完，垮掉，失灵，公布”等意思。(2)give away主要表示“赠送，泄露，颁发”等意思，在表示“颁发”时，可与give out换用。2look through VS l

38、ook over比较We must look_over_the house before we decide to rent it. Scott and his wife usually look_through morning newspapers before breakfast.辨清look through可以指“粗略快速地看，浏览”，也可以指“彻底仔细地检查(多用look sth. through结构)”，此时，可与look over“仔细地看，检查”换用。但look through还可以指“看穿，识破”。.多义比比看一词多义(写出下列各句中take in的含义)He managed

39、to rent a big enough house to take in some homeless people.收留While reading popular science books，we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗Before y

40、ou translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解句式的验收盘点so . that .引导结果状语从句通其用1句式升级(用so .that .升级)Keeping a learning diary every day is important and I would like to introduce it to you.Keeping a learning diary every day_is_so_important_that_I would like to introduce it t

41、o you.2句式转换(用such .that .转换)Dalian is so attractive that lots of tourists visit the city every year. Dalian is such_an_attractive_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.3一句多译他进步很快，老师们对他感到很满意。He_has_made_great_progress_and_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(简单句)The_progress_he_has_made

42、_is_so_great_that_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(so .that .)He_has_made_such_great_progress_that_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(such .that .)So_great_has_the_progress_been_made_by_him_that_the_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him. (so位于句首的倒装句)Such_great_progress_has_he_made_that_the_teachers_ar

43、e_pleased_with_him. (such位于句首的倒装句)解其困(1)so(2)such(3)当so形容词/副词及such .放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养 2019浙江6月高考阅读理解C篇对接课标主题：人与环境、人与动植物(一)精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)1California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change see

44、ms to be a major factor (因素)2The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels abov

45、e Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.3Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters tar

46、geted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources (资源)4But one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was e

47、vident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.5The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with ho

48、w much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt (融雪)6Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air,

49、 and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.析微点厚积语言基础微积累熟词生义：spareadj.空闲的；闲置的；备用的v留出；拔出；省出(熟义)v幸免；使逃脱(生义)通多义contribute to促进；有助于；撰稿；捐献微点拨名词动用：targetn目标；指标v. 把作为攻击目标通句式句子(1)中“in comparing .2010”为介词短语作状语，that引导定语从句修饰先行词“a widespread death of big trees”

50、。微积累drive短语drive up抬高，使上升drive down 压低；使下跌drive away 驱车离开；赶跑 理脉络内化读文规律(二)解析真题感悟素养立意考什么怎么考真题再做27What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe seriousness of bigtree loss in California.BThe increasing variety of California big trees.CThe distribution of big trees in California forests.DThe influence

51、of farming on big trees in California.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The number of trees .declined by 50 percent . more than 55 percent .75 percent.”提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加利福尼亚州森林中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A。28Which of the following is wellintentioned but may be bad for big trees?AEcological studies of forests.BBanning woodcutting

52、.CLimiting housing development.DFire control measures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aggressive wildfire control pete with big trees for resources (资源)”可知，声势浩大的野外火灾控制措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树竞争资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D。29What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?AInadequate snowmelt.BA longe

53、r dry season.CA warmer climate. DDampness of the air.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures”可知，McIntyre认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C。30What can be a suitable title for the text?ACalifornias Forests: Where Have All the Big

54、Trees Gone?BCutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonCWhy Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?DPatrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California解析：选A标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大树数量急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第30题主要考查学生的概括性思维。如果只看到砍伐树木，那就只看到了局

55、部信息，而掉入命题人故意设置的陷阱，误选B项。应结合第一段的主题句以及整篇文章的综合叙述，加以概括可知，文章第一段就点出主题，后面各段具体分析了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大树数量急剧减少的现象以及原因，故选A。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象及其原因，旨在引导学生了解社会发展不能违背自然规律。自然和人类社会的关系就恰如水与舟的关系，二者关系处理的好坏直接关系到整个人类社会的可持续发展。选文切合现实，对于提高人们的环保意识具有促进作用。(三)借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1The money is intended for the dev

56、elopment (develop) of the tourist industry.2He peered slowly around the small crowded (crowd) room.3The company suffered (suffer) huge losses in the last financial year.4To avoid dampness (damp)，we should air the room regularly.5These trees had suffered the greatest water shortage (short).补全句子1I bel

57、ieve that each of us can contribute_to (做贡献) the future of the world.2In_comparison_with/Compared_with (与相比) the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects.3The rise of wages drove_up (抬高) the costs of production, leading to higher prices.分析长难句1The researchers figured out water stress

58、with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt (融雪)句式解构本句是一个含有一个定语从句和两个宾语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是The researchers，谓语动词是 figured out。其中tha

59、t引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a computer model”，在此从句中，第一个how much引导的从句作calculate的宾语；第二个how much引导的从句作in comparison with的宾语。现在分词短语“taking into account .”作伴随状语。句意翻译研究人员利用计算机模型计算出树木用水的压力，该模型计算出了树木获得的水量与它们所需的水量进行比较，并将降雨量、气温、土壤湿度和融雪时间等因素考虑在内。2Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in

60、 the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.句式解构本句是一个含有两个定语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperature

61、s and earlier snowmelt，主句的主语是the biggest factors，谓语动词是 have been rising。其中driving up water stress in the state为现在分词短语作定语修饰the biggest factors；第一个which引导的定语从句修饰先行词rising_temperatures；第二个which引导的定语从句修饰先行词earlier_snowmelt。句意翻译McIntyre说，自20世纪30年代以来，导致该州水资源紧张的最大因素是气温升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及过早的融雪减少了树木在旱季的水资

62、源供应。.主题语境写作假定你是李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：地球日Earth DayActions for a Greener Earth参考范文：Actions for a Greener EarthA week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the act

63、ions for a greener earth.Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. We brought to our classroom wornout clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles，and turned those into dolls，handbags and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them

64、 away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better worl

65、d.课下主题训练人与环境、人与动植物.阅读理解AMost of the sandstorms that had swept China last year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification (荒漠化) control said on Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achieveme

66、nts in desertification control.Since the start of last spring, the north and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land.Situated in the centralAsia sandstorm region, one of the worlds four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sa

67、ndstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has a

68、lso been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 square kilometres and 3,436 square kilometres late last century, respectively.Currently, the desertification lan

69、d in China makes up 2.64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nations land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18.1 percent of the countrys total. 1What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?AGoing down.BGoing up.CCo

70、ming from. DTaking up.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，故选A项。2Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?AThe northwestern Chinese regions.BThe northern Chinese regions.CThe western part of China.DForeign countries.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一

71、句可知，去年袭击中国的沙尘暴大部分来自外国，故选D项。3Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?AMongolia. BAfrica.CChina. DAustralia.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“China also suffers from sandstorms . sand source to northeast Asia”可知，中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。4What can we infer from this passage?AThe land

72、 in China suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly.BChina has made achievements in its own desertification control.CThe desertification land makes up nearly half of Chinas territory.DLittle progress has been made in controlling desertification in China.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，遭受风沙袭击的土地每

73、年减少7 585平方千米，由此沙地的区域每年减少1 284平方千米，由此可推知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。B(2021六安高三检测)Several years ago climate change was a controversial subject with many people insisting it didnt exist. Today, few people doubt that the climate is changing in uncomfortable and dangerous ways.For me, living on an island off the wes

74、t coast of Canada, climate change didnt directly affect me. That changed this summer. There are always a few wildfires in the forests of Canada in summer but this year has been exceptionally bad as weve had, for practical purposes, no rain at all. Then the fires started and many families have lost t

75、heir homes to the flames. In early August we woke up one day to a heavy smoke from the mainland. It was dark for several days. By September, again the sun has been blocked by smoke, this time from Washington and Oregon in the United States. The smoke has covered us for about a week. In the more than

76、 twenty years weve never before had this happen. Now weve been blanketed by smoke twice in one summer. The change in our climate is clear and it doesnt bode (预兆) well. Already our seaside town is putting regulations in place and making plans to deal with a rise in sea level. However, if the sea leve

77、l comes up more than a few meters we could have big problems.I dont pretend to understand all the causes of climate change or the best ways of fixing it if, indeed, it can be fixed. It is, however, becoming increasingly noticeable. Last night we were supposed to be able to see the Northern Lights bu

78、t the smoke prevented that. But theres some good news. I have just noticed that for the first time in months it is raining.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述自身经历，阐述了气候变化越来越严重，已经影响到了人们的生活和家园。5When did the author begin to be affected by climate change？A.After the smoky days.BIn August this summer.COn arriving at th

79、e island. DWhen the first fire broke out.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In early August . a week.”可知，今年夏天的八月，作者开始被气候变化所影响。故选B。6What did the seaside town do with climate change?AIt found the causes. BIt solved the problems.CIt made a prediction. DIt took some measures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Already our seaside town

80、.sea level.”可知，这个海滨小镇应对气候变化采取了许多措施。故选D。7Whats the good news the author mentioned in the last paragraph?AThe coming of the rain.BSeeing the Northern Lights.CThe best way to fix the weather.DThe appearance of heavy smoke.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But theres some good news . is raining.”可知，好消息是数月来第一次作者注意到要下雨

81、了。故选A。8What is the best title for the passage?ACauses of Climate ChangeBClimate Change Hits HomeCGlobal Warming Is Less SeriousDWays to Deal with the Rising Sea Level解析：选B标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，今天，几乎没有人怀疑气候正在以麻烦的和危险的方式改变，第二段作者讲述自己居住的小镇也受到气候变化的影响，第三段讲述了小镇应对气候变化采取了一些措施，最后一段作者阐述了气候变化越来越令人瞩目。因此推断文章主要讲述了气候变化已经影响到

82、家园，故B项为本文最佳标题。故选B。.阅读七选五Floods are one of the most common disasters in the US. Some floods develop slowly. But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain._1_It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path.If a flood is likely in your a

83、rea, you should：Listen to the radio or watch television for information. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move at once to higher ground._2_If you have time to prepare, you should：Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture. Move necessary items to an upper floor._3_Do not touch

84、 any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.If you have to leave your home right away, remember these tips：Do not walk through moving water._4_If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to check the ground in front of you._5_If floodwaters rise ar

85、ound your car, give up the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away.ADo not drive into flooded areas.BDo not wait for instructions to move.C20cm depth of moving water can make you fall.DTurn off all pieces of electrical equipment.EFla

86、sh floods often have a dangerous wall of water.FMaybe you know floods, earthquakes, sandstorms, and so on.GDuring recent years, floods have caused billions of dollars in damage each year.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会暴发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。文章介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施。1选E根据语境可知，上文提到了山洪暴发，空后一句

87、提到了山洪可以扫除路上大部分东西，说明山洪具有危险性，本句属于过渡句，承上启下说明山洪的特性。E选项中Flash floods可对应上文中的flash floods以及后文中的代词it。故选E。2选B根据上文“Listen to the radio .ground.”可知，上文提到一有山洪暴发的可能，就要立即转移，即不能等着转移的指令。上文中的move at once可对应到B选项中的to move。故选B。3选D根据空后一句可知，如果你被淋湿或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。由此可知，后文提到了不要触摸任何电器，可推知本句应当是在说明对电器的处理方法。下文中的electrical equipment可对应到D选项中的electrical equipment。故选D。4选C根据空前一句可知，不要在流动的水中行走。故本句应当承接上文说明不要这么做的原因。上文中的moving water可对应到C选项中的moving water。故选C。5选A根据下文可知，如果你的车周围涨起了洪水，放弃你的车，在确保安全的情况下转移到更高的地方。否则你和车会很快被冲走。由此可知，本段主要说明是洪水暴发时，与开车相关的注意事项。且后文中car可对应到A选项中的drive。故选A。21