2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Space Exploration单元加餐练习题（含解析）新人教版必修第三册.doc

1、Unit 4 Space Exploration单元加餐练.阅读理解In the future we might live somewhere other than Earth, like Mars. Some people ask how this will be possible. Well, Mars is in fact a lot the same as the earth. The days are almost the same as those on the earth. However, the two planets vary in temperature.Since th

2、ere is mostly carbon dioxide on Mars, it would be quite difficult for a human to just land on it. So, special types of homes and space suits have to be designed. The space suits should be almost like the ones astronauts use now, and except that they have to be warmer so that the astronauts can survi

3、ve the cold temperatures. The space suits must also be able to withstand (承受) high pressure and potentially dangerous radiation that can kill.The houses should be similar to our homes today with a slight difference. All of the houses and other buildings should be built inside a large dome (圆顶状物) or

4、bubble. The domes should be made out of glass, and would also be able to prevent radiation from affecting the people inside. The domes will be connected to a machine (like plants which turn carbon dioxide into oxygen)With Mars population growing, how would the people on its surface get fresh food an

5、d water? Just like humans use domes, they can also use domes to grow plants. However, the domes where the plants are grown must be built to expand. Once we upgrade the domes to a larger size then we can grow more food by cultivating (种植) more plants. To get the food or dome in connection with other

6、domes, there will be long narrow tunnels like roads that connect to each dome separating them by several doors so that the pressure in each dome can remain the same.On Mars, so many other things are available to us. As humans, we can have access to rare and fairly expensive metals that arent very ea

7、sy to get hold of on Earth, and a colony on Mars enhances (提高) our chances of finding these metals. So when someone here on Earth says that going to Mars is impossible, please tell them that theyll never know it until they try and they may try very soon. After all its our future. Why not make it on

8、Mars?本文为说明文。文章介绍了目前人类对火星的探索。1It is difficult for humans to live on Mars because of all the following EXCEPT _.Atoo much radiation Bcold temperatureClack of enough oxygen Dlack of houses答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，火星上大部分是二氧化碳、天气也极其寒冷、气压很高、还存在可能致命的危险辐射，这些都是人类很难在火星上生活的原因。唯独没有提到“房屋的缺少”的问题。故D选项正确。2One of the

9、 reasons why we are eager to explore Mars may be that _.Awe can find rare and expensive metals there easilyBwell get too bored to live on the earth in the futureCour technology will become much advancedDwe want to know more about the unknown world答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的As humans, we can have access to

10、 rare and fairly expensive metals that arent very easy to get hold of on Earth, and a colony on Mars enhances (提高) our chances of finding these metals.(作为人类，我们可以获得稀有且相当昂贵的金属，而这些金属在地球上并不容易获得，而在火星上的殖民地增加了我们找到这些金属的机会)可知，我们渴望探索火星的原因之一可能是我们可以很容易地在那里找到稀有和昂贵的金属。故A选项正确。3What is the authors attitude towards

11、living on Mars?APessimistic. BUncertain.COptimistic.DOpposed.答案：C解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的So when someone here on Earth says that going to Mars is impossible, please tell them that theyll never know it until they try and they may try very soon. After all its our future. Why not make it on Mars? (所以当地球上有人说去火

12、星是不可能的，请告诉他们，他们永远不会知道，直到他们尝试，他们可能很快就会尝试。毕竟这是我们的未来。为什么不在火星上创造呢？)可知，作者对在火星上居住的想法是乐观的。故C选项正确。.七选五Why play sports? You might say “to get exercise” and youd be right.To have fun? Thats true, too. But theres more. _1_ According to the Womens Sports Foundation, girls who play sports get a lot more than jus

13、t fit.Girls who play sports do better in school. You might think that athletics will take up all your study time. _2_ Exercise improves learning, memory, and concentration, which can give active girls an advantage in the classroom.Girls who play sports learn teamwork and goalsetting skills. _3_ When

14、 working with coaches, trainers, and teammates to win games and achieve goals, youre learning how to be successful. Those skills will serve you well at work and in family life.Sports are good for a girls health. In addition to being fit and keeping a healthy weight, girls who play sports are also le

15、ss likely to smoke. And later in life, girls who exercise are less likely to get breast cancer or osteoporosis (骨质疏松症)Playing sports improves selfconfidence. _4_ Why? It builds confidence when you know you can practice, improve, and achieve your goals. Sports are also a feelgood activity because the

16、y help girls get in shape, keep a healthy weight, and make new friends._5_ Playing sports can reduce stress and help you feel a little happier. How? The brain chemicals released during exercise improve a persons mood. Friends are another moodlifter. And being in a team creates tight bonds between fr

17、iends. Its good to know your teammates will support youboth on and off the field!AExercise cuts the pressure.BSports teach valuable life skills.CRegular exercise increases quality of life.DIn fact, there are at least five more reasons.EGirls who play sports feel better about themselves.FPlaying spor

18、ts offers children more than just physical benefits.GBut research shows that girls who play sports do better in school than those who dont.本文讲述女孩为什么要进行体育锻炼。体育锻炼益处多多。喜欢运动，身体棒棒，远离疾病。1D解析：根据上句“但原因有更多”可知D项In fact, there are at least five more reasons.(事实上至少有五种理由。)符合题意，故选D。2G解析：根据空格前一句“你可能认为在学校里锻炼会占用学习时间

19、”可知此空要表达的意思是：但研究表明，参加体育运动的女孩在学校比那些不运动的女孩有更优秀的表现。故选G。3B解析：根据空格下一句“在你和教练、训练导师以及队员一起合作努力赢得比赛和实现目标的过程中，你会学会如何获得成功”可知此空的意思是：体育运动可以教会你宝贵的生活技巧。故选B。4E解析：根据空格前“运动能够提升自信”。可知此空的意思是：运动的女孩会自我感觉更加良好。故选E。5A解析：根据空格下一句“运动能减少压力，帮助你更开心”可知此空的意思是：锻炼能减少压力。故选A。.完形填空MacArthurs love for sailing dates back to when she was ju

20、st 4 years old, when she first got the opportunity to have a try on a boat. “It kind of _1_ me that this boat had everything we needed to take us anywhere in the world. And as a child，that opened up everything and made me feel the greatest sense of _2_，” she explained.This experience _3_ a passion w

21、ithin MacArthur that she wanted to sail around the world. Growing up in the countryside. she had no idea how to _4_ it. However, she knew that was what she wanted to do at some stage. So she acquired knowledge and _5_ for years to seek her dream in sailing. Having merely potatoes and beans every day

22、 for eight years, she _6_ could afford the right equipment. By reaching such _7_ goals and asking technical questions about _8_， MacArthur felt as though she was getting _9_ to her ambition.“The impossible could be possible and _10_ high is not necessarily such a crazy thing to do.” she said. And it

23、 seems that MacArthurs _11_ to become a sailor went beyond her expectations. At the age of 24, she started to _12_ media attention after winning the second place in the Vendee Globe, a singlehanded nonstop yacht (帆船) race that went around the world.Four years later, MacArthur chose to sail for 71 da

24、ys and 14 hours, _13_ more than 26,000 miles. This led to her scoring a new record. _14_ this record has since been surpassed (超过)，MacArthur is still considered as Britains most successful offshore racer.So when you know where youre going, you can actually get thereeven if it seems _15_！本文为传记类记叙文。4岁

25、时候的一次航海经历点燃了麦克阿瑟想环游世界的激情，她最终实现了梦想，把不可能变成了可能。1A.benefitedBstruckCtaughtDtreated答案：B解析：考查固定短语搭配。句意：我突然想到，这艘船拥有带我们到世界任何地方所需要的一切。It strikes/struck sb. that. 为固定句型，意为“某人突然想到某事”，故选B。2A.wonderBmagicCdirectionDfreedom答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.wonder奇迹；B.magic魔术；C.direction 方向；D.freedom自由。这一切让McArthur开阔了眼界，感受到了极大的自由

26、感。故选D。3A.lightedBleftCcarriedDinvented答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.lighted点燃；B.left离开；C.carried携带；D.invented发明。这次经历点燃了她想环游世界的激情。故选A。4A.approachBgainCachieveDforget答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.approach接近；B.gain获得；C.achieve 达到；D.forget忘记。她想要环游世界，从小长在乡下的她不知道如何做到这一点。故选C。5A.made upBsaved upCturned up Dpicked up答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析

27、。A.made up编造；B.saved up积攒；C.turned up出现；D.picked up捡起。她为此获取知识，积蓄了多年。故选B。6A.eventuallyBfortunatelyCgradually Ddefinitely答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。A.eventually最终；B.fortunately幸运地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.definitely明确地。省吃俭用很多年，她终于买了装备。故选A。7A.personalBfinancialCfinal Dacademic答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.personal个人的；B.financial经济的

28、；C.final最终；D.academic学术的。八年简朴的生活，只吃豆类和土豆，她终于攒够了钱购买合适的装备。所以是实现了经济性的目标。故选B。8A.schoolBsailingCdrivingDbusiness答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.school上学；B.sailing航海；C.driving 开车；D.business生意。这里指做好经济上的和关于航海知识上的储备，McArthur 想要航海，所以此处是询问航海技术问题。故选B。9A.furtherBdeeperCcloserDsmarter答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.further远离；B.deeper更深；C.c

29、loser更近；D.smarter更聪明。麦克阿瑟觉得她离自己的追求越来越近了。故选C。10A.workingBdesigningCmeaningDaiming答案：D解析：考查动名词词义辨析。A.working工作；B.designing设计；C.meaning 意味着；D.aiming 目标是。句意：不可能的事也可能发生，把目标定得高并不一定是一件疯狂的事情。小时候想要环游世界的梦想对她来说是一件目标很高的事情。故选D。11A.lessonBmindCconfidenceDplan答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.lesson教训；B.mind主意；C.confidence 自信；D.p

30、lan计划。麦克阿瑟想成为一名航海员的计划似乎超出了她的预期。故选D。12A.acceptBreceiveCenjoyDkeep答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.accept接受；B.receive获得；C.enjoy 欣赏；D.keep保持。她开始受到媒体的关注，故选B。13A.includingBreachingCcoveringDfloating答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.including包括；B.reaching达到；C.covering覆盖；行走(一段路程)；D.floating漂浮。四年后，麦克阿瑟选择航行71天14小时，航程超过26 000英里。故选C。14A.Aft

31、erBWhenCWhetherDWhile答案：D解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管这一纪录已经被打破，麦克阿瑟仍然被认为是英国最成功的海上赛手。故选D。15A.impossibleBconstantCvaluableDavailable答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.impossible不可能；B.constant经常的；C.valuable有价值的；D.available可获得的。句意：所以当你知道你要去哪里的时候，你就能到达那里，即使这看起来是不可能的！故选A。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Although some people dont like

32、 using automatic hand dryers in restrooms, it may actually be argued that motionsensing hand dryers are a practical alternative to paper towels. I believe that our school would benefit from investing in automatic hand dryers in all the restrooms.First of all, the automatic hand dryer is very sanitar

33、y (卫生的). Instead of pulling on a lever (手柄) touched by a large number of students, users can just stick their hands under the air dryer. No bacteria can get on them because there is nothing to touch. Kids wouldnt get sick from the paper towel dispensers (纸巾盒)In addition, if the school buys automatic

34、 hand dryers, we can save money. There is a terrible waste of paper towels in the restrooms. Students continuously pull on the lever for unneeded towels until the dispensers are empty. An automatic hand dryer costs about $500, with very little additional cost over time while paper towels can cost $2

35、5 a case, or about $500 a year. After just one year, it would pay for itself.Finally, our bathroom is a paper towel mess! There are always piles of paper towels on the floor. Sometimes the extras fall from the dispenser unused. Many times kids make their used towel into a ball and aim for a basket.

36、But if they miss the target, the paper ball stays on the floor. Paper towels leave so much litter in the restrooms that the restrooms are a mess.People use the hand dryers for just a few seconds, and they think that automatic hand dryers dont dry their hands as thoroughly as paper towels. However, s

37、tudies have shown that when people dry their hands for at least 30 seconds, automatic dryers actually dry much better than paper towels. It is difficult to get every part of your hand dry using paper towels, but the air can if you take a few extra seconds.As you see there are some good points, lets

38、install automatic hand dryers as soon as possible!Compared with paper towels, hand dryers have more advantages, which will benefit school in four ways.(要点1) First, they are clean and healthy because bacteria cant touch kids.(要点2) Additionally, it can help school save money. Thirdly, our bathroom can be kept clean and neat. Besides, it can dry our hands more effectively if we take longer time.(要点3) Therefore, school is advisable to fix the equipment at once.(要点4)