2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 Unit 8 Green Living Topic Talk课时素养评价作业（含解析）北师大版必修第三册.doc

1、课时素养评价五Unit 8Topic Talk. 单句语法填空1. Sunlight reflection may relieve global (globe)warming. 2. Measures for preventing and controlling industrial(industry) pollution have gradually been perfected. 3. The organization was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction(extinct). 4. In the future,

2、we will have more quick transportation (transport)means. 5. With the help of our English teacher, we had a discussion and finally came up with a proper solution(solve). 6. Besides, many parents have limited knowledge about what a balanced (balance)diet is. 7. I will do my part for my study in Englis

3、h. 8. Mrs Luhrs now edits a magazine, which publishes tips on how to buy recycled(recycle) furniture. 9. The project is aimed at making some companies reuse all deserted (desert) plastic bottles. 10. He tapped(tap) me on the shoulder and then gave me a bright smile. . 选词填空keep ones balance, types of

4、, fight against, do ones part for, live in harmony with1. The little girl struggled to keep her balance on her new skates. 2. Ill do my part for finishing it as soon as possible. 3. We always desire to live in harmony with our neighbors. 4. We must all fight against unfairness and cruelty. 5. China

5、is famous for many different types of folk dances. . 完成句子1. We had experimented with several solutions to this problem before finding a proper one. 在找到一个合适的解决方案之前, 我们已经试验了好几种解决方案。(solution)2. Its very difficult for me to keep my balance on an icy street. 我很难在结冰的街道上保持平衡。(balance)3. Great achievements

6、 can be done if humans live in harmony with nature. 如果人类与自然和谐相处, 就能取得巨大的成就。(live in harmony with. . . )4. What an interesting book! 多么有趣的一本书啊! (感叹句)5. To our surprise, some people are ignorant of the facts about global warming. 令我们惊讶的是, 有些人对全球变暖的事实一无所知。(global). 阅读理解A(2020合肥高一检测)A solar-powered car

7、that can be charged as it runs is being tested in Germany. Munich-based manufacturer(制造商)Sono Motors has built the new type, named Sion, and will likely help the European powerhouse hit its national target of 1 million electric cars on the road by 2020. Sono Motors has solar cells fixed into Sions b

8、odywork, with a total of 330 solar cells built into the roof, bonnet and sides of the vehicle. These enable the vehicles battery to be charged when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. The solar-powered vehicle is set to be launch

9、ed in Germany in 2019. Sono Motors wants Sion to be universal and allows the car to be charged using solar energy as well as conventional outlets(电源插座), so car owners arent left on cloudy days. The firm has made a 2019 date for mass production, which will be undertaken(承担) by a European manufacturer

10、. Some 6, 500 people have already placed orders for the electric vehicle. Prices for Sion tend to start from 16, 000 next year. The all-electric vehicle will offer a range of around 250 km before the battery runs out completely and it needs recharging either by solar power or using a wall plug, the

11、company said. Sion was designed originally as an environmentally conscious car, but will also include a number of features designed around comfort to help it compete with other modern vehicles. “We have a seat heater, air conditioning, and a large entertainment system where I can also connect my pho

12、ne, which means I really have a full vehicle, ” Laurin Hahn, co-founder of the company told Reuters. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国生产的一款太阳能汽车Sion。1. What can we know from Paragraph 3? A. The car is popular on the road. B. The car has a very large battery. C. There are 330 solar cells on the car. D. Where

13、there is sunlight, Sion can be charged. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “These enable the vehicles battery to be charged when sunlight is hitting the solar cells, whether it is on the road, or parked in the sunny spot in a car park. ”可知, 当阳光照射到太阳能电池上时, 无论这款车是在路上还是停在停车场里阳光充足的地方, 电池都能充电。所以只要有阳光, 这款车就能充电。故选 D 项。2

14、. What does the underlined word “launched” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. designed B. released C. improved D. recalled【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第六段 “ The firm has made a 2019 date for mass production, which will be undertaken by a European manufacturer. ”可知, 该公司已经确定了2019年大规模生产的日期, 这将由一家欧洲制造商承担。所以这款太阳能汽车即将在 2019 年上市。由

15、此判断出画线词是“发布”的意思。故选 B 项。3. Why doesnt the car break down when it is cloudy? A. Because it is made from the rainproof material. B. Because it can be charged by clouds on cloudy days. C. Because it can store a great deal of energy. D. Because it can be charged by conventional power outlets. 【解析】选D。细节理解

16、题。根据第五段的 “ Sono Motors wants Sion to be universal and allows the car to be charged using solar energy as well as conventional outlets, so car owners arent left on cloudy days. ”可知, 即使在阴天, Sion 也可以使用, 因为这款车可以使用传统的插座充电。故选 D 项。4. What are the features of the car? A. Modern, powerful and popular. B. Env

17、ironmentally friendly, comfortable and competitive. C. Environmentally friendly, cheap and simple. D. Expensive, fashionable and energy-saving. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sion was designed originally as an environmentally conscious car, but will also include a number of features designed around comfort

18、to help it compete with other modern vehicles. ”可知, Sion最初是作为一款环保汽车设计的, 但它也将包括一些围绕舒适性设计的功能, 以帮助它与其他现代汽车竞争。所以这款车环保、舒适、具有竞争力。故选 B 项。B“What kind of rubbish are you? ” This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has become a special “greeting” among people over the past week. On July 1s

19、t, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations (条例that are required to follow and expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss (投放)it into specific public dustbins. They must do so at specified times, when monitors

20、are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish. Individuals who fail to follow the regulations face the possibility of fines and worse. They could be punished with fines of up to 200 yuan ( $ 29). For those who repeat to go against them, the government can add blac

21、k marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to get bank loans or even buy train tickets. Shanghai government is responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generates 9 million tons of garbage a year, more than Londons annual output, which is rising quickly. But like other citie

22、s in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on trash pickers to sift (筛选)through the waste, picking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. Many residents appear to

23、 support the idea of recycling in general but are annoyed by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or harmful, the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules concerning foo

24、d waste. They must put it straight in the required public bins, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. What they complain most is the short periods for dropping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people g

25、o at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定, 有望成为我国的一个典范。5. What do we know about the trash-sorting regulations in Shanghai? A. They are the first of their kind. B. They are tied to ones bank account. C. T

26、hey have the highest fines. D. Theyre aided by monitors. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish. 和最后一段Along with the monitors at the bins, 可知扔垃圾有人监督。故选D项。6. Why has Shanghai introduced the

27、trash-sorting regulations? A. There are fewer and fewer trash pickers. B. It aims to build a new recycling system. C. It faces more and more serious garbage problems. D. People throw the rubbish here and there. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段可知上海市政府正在应对一个明显的环境问题。它每年产生900万吨垃圾, 比伦敦的年产量还多, 并且缺乏回收系统。所以上海出台垃圾分类规定是因为它

28、面临着越来越严重的垃圾问题。故选C项。7. What makes the residents upset most about the regulations? A. Limited time for tossing the trash. B. Confusing distinction among the categories of trash. C. Being fined due to improper behavior. D. Being watched by monitors when throwing the garbage. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段What the

29、y complain most is the short periods for dropping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. “他们抱怨最多的是垃圾投放的时间很短, 通常是早晚两个小时。”可知扔垃圾的时间规定让居民们最不满。故选A项。8. What can be the best title for the text? A. A Good Way of Trash-sortingB. A New Era of Garbage ClassificationC. A Great Time in Dealing

30、with LitterD. An Effective Solution to Rubbish Problem【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are required to follow and expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss it into

31、 specific public dustbins. They must do so at specified times, when monitors are present to ensure correct trash-tossing and to ask the nature of ones rubbish. ”可知, “垃圾分类的新时代”符合主旨。故选B项。. 语法填空People are wasting things everywhere and every day. Wherever we go, we can see that paper, bottles and cans a

32、re thrown away; food 1. _ (waste) just because of its poor taste; clothes are thrown around simply due to their old fashion. Not only things and money are wasted, but natural resources are wasted as well. 2. _ (tree) are cut down merely for fuel; wildlife is killed 3. _ (simple) for food; coal and m

33、inerals are exploited (开采) in 4. _ bad way. The worst example of mans waste is the waste of time. Many people tend to spend their time on 5. _ (worth) things, such as wandering about (漫步) in the street, gossiping in the office, or 6. _ (sleep) too much during the day. As we know, time is so valuable

34、 to us that it will never return if it 7. _ (pass) by. It is time 8. _ (call) for an end to waste. On the one hand, we must save natural resources and make full use of them, 9. _ is very important to our future; otherwise human beings will be faced with the lack of natural resources and suffer 10. _

35、 pollution caused by waste. On the other hand, we must value our time. Only with our time devoted to study and work for the people will we never regret the life we have had. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了人类在生活中存在严重的浪费现象, 由此呼吁人们停止浪费。1. 【解析】is wasted。句意: 食物因为味道不好而被浪费掉。陈述的是客观事实, food 与waste之间是被动关系, 所以用一般现在时的被动语态,

36、 主语是food, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式, 故填is wasted。2. 【解析】Trees。句意: 人们砍伐树木只是为了获取燃料。tree是可数名词, 空后的“are”表明此处用复数形式, 故填Trees。3. 【解析】simply。句意: 人们捕杀野生动物只是为了获取食物。修饰介词短语for food用副词, 故填simply。4. 【解析】a。句意: 煤和矿物的开采方式很糟糕。way是可数名词, 此处用不定冠词表泛指, bad的发音以辅音音素开头, 故填a。5. 【解析】worthless。句意: 许多人倾向于把时间花在毫无价值的事情上, 比如在街上闲逛、在办公室闲聊或者白天睡大觉

37、。修饰名词things用形容词, 根据空后的举例可知此处表示“无价值的”, 故填worthless。6. 【解析】sleeping。分析句子结构可知此处与wandering和gossiping并列, 用动名词作such as的宾语, 故填sleeping。7. 【解析】passes。句意: 正如我们所知, 时间对我们是如此宝贵, 一去不复返。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来, 主语是it, 谓语用第三人称单数形式, 故填passes。8. 【解析】to call。句意: 现在是呼吁停止浪费的时候了。It is time to do sth. 是固定句型, 表示“是做某事的时候了”, 故

38、填to call。9. 【解析】which。句意: 一方面, 我们必须节约和充分利用自然资源, 这对我们的未来非常重要。此处为非限制性定语从句, 关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语, 故填which。10. 【解析】from。句意: 否则, 人类将面临自然资源的匮乏和遭受浪费造成的污染。suffer from表示“遭受”, 故填from。阅读理解(2020西安高一检测)Plastic is used for food packaging(包装) and water bottles as well as many other things you use every day. Look ar

39、ound, plastic is all over! Sadly, much of plastic waste is thrown into waste lands or washed into the sea, breaking down into particles. Particles are often taken in by animals or fish. Unless you are the one who only eats vegetables, it is highly likely that you are also eating this plastic. Beside

40、s, when you drink soft drinks from a plastic bottle, you also have the danger of drinking a dangerous chemical. It has been proved that plastic is connected with some types of diseases and young childrens growth. A plastic bottle can break down into enough small pieces on each seaside in the whole w

41、orld. They have also been discovered to collect in large amounts in sea locations where winds and currents(洋流) are weak. How do you help to solve the problem? Use a stainless steel(不锈钢) bottle. It is an obvious way to deal with the problem that has been ignored for many years. Many countries become

42、increasingly more familiar with the pollution that is damaging the environment. Its easy to understand why steps are being taken to discover things to replace the plastic. If you use a stainless steel water bottle, you can help cut the number of using plastic bottles, which are thrown away and break

43、 down gradually. It may even take 1, 000 years to fade away. In a word, even by doing something as small as changing your water bottle to a stainless steel one, you could make the world a better place to live for future generations. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了塑料瓶对环境的不良影响及解决办法。1. What does the underlined wor

44、d “particles” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Tiny pieces of plastic. B. Healthy drinks to humans. C. New bottles. D. Useful materials. 【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。由第一段中的“Sadly, much of plastic waste is thrown into waste lands or washed into the sea, breaking down into particles. ”和第一段中的“Unless you are the one who only e

45、ats vegetables, it is highly likely that you are also eating this plastic. ”可知被扔进荒地或被冲入大海的塑料垃圾会分解成塑料碎片被人吃下去, 所以particles在本句中意为“塑料碎片”。故选A项。2. What bad influence do plastic products have on people according to the text? A. They change peoples eating habits. B. They affect peoples ways of choosing food

46、. C. They change peoples attitudes to soft drinks. D. They may make people suffer from some kinds of diseases. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“It has been proved that plastic is connected with some types of diseases and young childrens growth. ”可知塑料产品也许会导致人生病。故选D项。3. Which of the following does the author wa

47、nt to express? A. Winds in the sea are often weak in some seasons. B. Chemicals of animals in the sea are easy to collect. C. Many countries are suffering from the pollution of plastic. D. Plastic will completely be replaced by other things in the future. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第二段中的“A plastic bottle can bre

48、ak down into enough small pieces on each seaside in the whole world. ”和倒数第二段中的“Many countries become increasingly more familiar with the pollution that is damaging the environment. Its easy to understand why steps are being taken to discover things to replace the plastic. ”可推断许多国家正在遭受塑料的污染。故选C项。4. W

49、hat is the text mainly about? A. A major use of plastic bottles. B. A large amount of plastic on the seaside. C. The future development of plastic bottles. D. The bad influence of plastic bottles and its solution. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Besides, when you drink soft drinks from a plastic bottle, you also have the danger of drinking a dangerous chemical. It has been proved that plastic is connected with some types of diseases and young childrens growth. ”可知, 本文讲的是塑料瓶的不良影响及解决办法。故选D项。