2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 单元综合检测1 Unit 1 Food for thought（含解析）外研版必修第二册.doc

1、单元综合检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AIn the United States，30 percent of the adult population has a “weight problem”To many people，the cause is clear：we eat too much.But scientific evidence does little to support this idea.Going back to the America of 1910，we find that people were thinner than today

2、，yet they ate more food.In those days people worked harder physically，walked more，used machines much less，and didnt watch television.Several modern studies，moreover，have shown that fatter people dont eat more on average than thinner people.In fact，some investigations (调查)，such as a 1970 study of 3，5

3、45 London office workers，report that，on balance，fat people eat less than slimmer people.Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people.A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts.The more the men ran，the greater loss of b

4、ody fat.The more they ran，the greater their increase in food intake (吸收)Thus those who ran the most ate the most，yet lost greatest amount of body fat.【语篇解读】很多人认为肥胖是由吃得多引起的，但为什么有些人虽然吃得多但仍然苗条呢？让本文作者告诉你答案吧。1Based on the statistics given in the article，suppose there are 500 adult Americans，about how man

5、y of them will have weight problems?A30.B50.C100. D150.D数字计算题。由第一段第一句提到的比例可知，有50030%150人。2In comparison with the adult American population today，the Americans of 1910 Aate more food and had more physical activitiesBate less food but had more activitiesCate less food and had less physical exercisesDh

6、ad more weight problemsA细节理解题。由第一段第四、五句可知，那时人们吃得多但是仍然苗条的原因是干体力活多，步行多。3What has modern medical and scientific research reported to us?AFat people eat less food and are less active.BFat people eat more food than thin people and are more active.CFat people eat more food than thin people but are less ac

7、tive.DThin people run less，and need less food to eat.A细节理解题。由第二段最后“on balance，fat people eat less than slimmer people”和第三段开头“Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people.”可知答案为A。BWe live in a world where its often not easy to find someone to trust.A smiling person always inspires tr

8、ust.Even economists consider that smiles are valuable.A smile may increase other peoples trust by about 10%.People may also smile when they are caught doing bad things.According to a study made by LaFrance and Hecht，this can in fact be to their own advantage.We have a tendency to be kinder towards t

9、hose who make mistakes if they wear a smile while being caught.Even a guilty smile may help you get away pretty easily when you make mistakes.We may also smile when we hear a piece of good news.In this case，women tend to smile more often than men.Smiling can also be a means of reducing the pain caus

10、ed by a troubling situation.Even if we force ourselves to smile when we dont want to，this may be enough to lift our spirits just a little bit.When we feel angry or anxious，our attention tends to narrow down.We can no longer see whats going on around us and we can only notice what is in front of us.B

11、ut if we smile，we feel better and increase flexibility of our attention and the ability to think.Smiling can help us focus and understand better.“Keep on smiling，and the world will smile with you.”One of the greatest social pleasure is to smile and be smiled to in return，especially because this come

12、s like a natural thing.People who smile often live longer.A study based on some pictures taken of some baseball players suggested that those who used to smile a lot survived about 7 years longer than those who did not smile very often.【语篇解读】微笑是人类特有的一种微妙表情。微笑不仅融洽了关系，对于长寿也大有好处。4The passage mainly talk

13、s about Athe benefits of smilingBthe occasions when you smileCthe ways of smilingDthe reasons why people smileA主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了微笑的好处。微笑可以增加信任，缓解压力，甚至对健康都有好处，故答案为A项。5When caught doing bad things，people smile to .Aadmit their mistakesBshow they are excitedCavoid blame or punishmentDprove they are

14、kindC细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Even a guilty smile may help you get away pretty easily when you make mistakes.”可知，被发现做坏事时微笑的目的是为了逃脱责备或惩罚。故答案为C项。6According to the third paragraph，we can learn that Amen seldom smile at a piece of good newsBsmiles can be helpful whatever the situation isCwe should force ourselve

15、s to smile whenever it isDin general，men are more likely to smile than womenB细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知， 当我们听到好消息会笑，缓解困境带来的痛苦时会笑，甚至当我们不想笑时强迫自己笑，都会提升自己的精神状况，所以无论在什么样的情况下，微笑总是有好处的。7The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph probably means Aif we smile，it is hard to be smiled toBif we smile，others will smile

16、to us in returnCif we want to smile，the world will smile to us in timeDif we smile sometimes，we will make the world full of smilesB句意理解题。根据第五段中画线句子的下文“One of the greatest social pleasures is to smile and be smiled to in return，especially because this comes like a natural thing.”可知，如果我们对别人微笑，别人也会对我们报

17、以微笑。CPilates，yoga and the running machine get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy.There is，however，a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive，but has all the benefitswalking.Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains，“What I love about walking is th

18、at anyone can do it at any age and any fitness level.Plus，it is good for your heart，your head and your wallet.”A recent report details the health benefits of walking.The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week，recommended by the UKs chi

19、ef medical officer，could save 37，000 lives each year.Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running.They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a sixyear period and found that w

20、alking reduced the risk of heart disease by 9.3%，while running reduced it by 4.5%.And there is even more good news：30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily，according to research by Oregon State University.The study by the university showed that walking helped participan

21、ts sleep better and feel more alert during the day.The sooner you get started，the sooner youll notice the differences in your mind and body.So，go out for your 30minute walk in a nearby park or green space.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式步行。8The underlined word “humble” in the first paragraph probably m

22、eans “ ”Aplain BrelaxingCpopular DactiveA词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，有一种不太引人注目的简单运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。由此可推知，画线词和“plain”意义相近。故A项正确。9What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking?AIts loved by people of all ages.BIts much healthier than running.CIts a moneysaving physical exercise.DIts becoming

23、 more and more popular.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What I love about walking.your head and your wallet.”可知，步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故C项正确。10What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find?AWalking helps people with sleep problems.BWalking contributes to curing heart disease.CWalking 150 minutes

24、 per week can save lives.DWalking is better than running in some cases.D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running”以及下文将步行和跑步从几个方面进行的对比来看，前者优于后者。故D项正确。11In which section of a newspaper can we read this text?AComment. BLifestyle.CEducatio

25、n. DScience.B推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式步行。由此可推知，可从报纸上介绍生活方式的版块读到该文章。故B项正确。DOnce upon a time，when you first attended a youth sporting event，your parents probably werent expecting you to become a professional athlete.They signed up for a basketball，football or swimming course for you in the

26、hope that you might learn lessons about winning gentlemanly，losing with dignity(尊严)and insisting on it when things get hard.Yes，playing games is good exercise，but it is the life lessons that matter most.For many of us，instead of looking to improve our minds and spirits，we began judging progress only

27、 by the size of our muscles or the numbers on a weighing machine.The thought that athletic competition is about greater life lessons and the building of character has been further undermined(削弱)by headlines about professional athletes.“And yet theres still strong evidence that sports strongly improv

28、e certain personal qualities，”says Angela Lumpkin，Professor of the Department of Health，Sport and Exercise Sciences at the University of Kansas.And thats true for athletes of any age.Amateur sports(业余体育运动)provide a safe place for competition.They also provide a practice ground for managing stress.Th

29、e advantages of taking part in a sport can seep(渗透)into your professional life，too.In basketball，for example，“Getting everyone to play the right role on the court is the key to success，”says Alan Arlt，the founder of the Life Time Fitness basketball program Ultimate Hoops.“That is certainly useful in

30、 the business world，where everyone understands their own role in the organization.”“In athletic events，you go through good and bad times often in the period of two hours，”says former NBA head coach Flip Saunders.“Do you have the calm manner to settle yourself down，or do you totally lose it and get t

31、hrown out of the game which hurts both you and your team？All of that oncourt experience has a real effect on how you deal with reallife situations.”【语篇解读】参加体育运动不仅是为了强身健体，更重要的是为了提高人的智商和情商。12What would parents expect when their children joined in sports?ATo win as many games as possible.BTo improve th

32、eir health.CTo make more friends.DTo get through difficulties.D细节理解题。根据第一段的“.in the hope that you might learn lessons about winning gentlemanly，losing with dignity and insisting on it when things get hard.”可知，家长让孩子参加体育运动是希望孩子在运动的过程中学会如何面对困难。13What can we learn from Paragraph 2?APeople play sports to

33、 build their character.BPeople still hold the idea that sports can keep us fit.CPeople keep playing sports to improve minds and spirits.DPeople pay more attention to the news of professional athletes.D推理判断题。根据第二段的“The thought that athletic competition is about greater life lessons and the building o

34、f character has been further undermined by headlines about professional athletes.”可知，运动对人性格的培养并没有被大家过多关注，反倒是专业运动员的一些花边新闻引起人们的更多关注。14Amateur sports are mentioned in Paragraph 3 in order to Asupport Lumpkins ideaBintroduce the next topicCshow another piece of evidenceDshow the main idea of the paragra

35、phA推理判断题。根据例子内容可知，列举业余运动是为了证明Lumpkin的观点。15According to the last paragraph，the sports experience has a real effect on Ahow to succeed in the futureBhow to keep calm in certain situationsChow to deal with reallife situationsDhow to understand the role on the courtC细节理解题。根据最后一段的“All of that oncourt exp

36、erience has a real effect on how you deal with reallife situations.”可推知，运动经历对如何处理真实的生活情境有真正的影响。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)All of us know that a balanced diet strengthens the immune system. 16 The following strategies will help you to jumpstart healthy eating habits.Morning musthavesResearchers at H

37、arvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese(肥胖的)than those who skipped this meal.To enjoy the most benefits，the researchers recommended eating wholegrain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber. 17 Main meal wisdomIf you need t

38、o consume meat，choose fish instead of red meat.Studies have linked high consumption of red meat with cancers such as breast and colorectal cancer as well as heart disease mainly because red meat is very high in saturated(饱和的)fats. 18 Food preparation 19 As such，cooking methods such as steaming，bakin

39、g，grilling，boiling or stirfrying are advised. 20 Some people like to eat a large meal after a hard days work.However，large meals late at night can cause indigestion that influences sleep.So it is a very good idea to have a lowcalorie fiber drink just before leaving the office.It is also not a good i

40、dea to regularly have a latenight meal as this could overburden the digestive system.Remember，minor changes in our eating habits can lead to major changes in our health.ALight nightsBFewer night snacksCFish，in contrast，contains more hearthealthy fatsDDrinking bean milk supplies the body with plant p

41、roteinEExperts always suggest preparing food with as little oil as possibleFBut most of us fail to obtain adequate nutrients(营养)due to our troubled lifestylesGFiber aids in stabilizing blood sugar，controlling appetite and keeping the heart healthy【语篇解读】本文为说明文。作者介绍了养成健康饮食好习惯的几种策略。16F依据首句中的“均衡饮食能增强免疫系

42、统”可知，F项中的“但是我们大多数人由于混乱的生活方式没能获得充足的营养”与之对应，并引出下句。17G研究者推荐早餐吃富含纤维素的全谷类食物，故接下来应该说明纤维素对人体的好处，故选G。18C该段主要涉及吃正餐的学问，即多吃鱼肉少吃红肉。红肉中含有大量的饱和脂肪，故选C项“相反，鱼肉中含有更多的有益于心脏健康的脂肪”与之作对比。19E该段主要涉及食物烹饪建议，从后句中的“蒸、烘、烤、煮或炒”这些烹饪方法可知选项E与之匹配。20A根据后文可知该段主要讲晚上吃大餐会影响消化，再结合上文几个小标题考虑，“晚餐少食”最佳，故选A。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)Most childre

43、n with healthy appetites(胃口)are ready to eat almost anything that is offered to them.A child rarely dislikes food 21 it is badly cooked.The way a meal is cooked and served is most important and 22 served meal will often improve a childs appetite.Never ask a child 23 he likes or dislikes a food and n

44、ever discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow 24 else to do so.If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the childs hearing，he is 25 to copy their words.Take it 26 granted that he likes everything and he probably 27 Nothing healthful should be left out from

45、the meal because of a 28 dislike.At meal times it is a good 29 to give a child a small share and let him 30 back for a second helping rather than give him as 31 as he is likely to eat all at once.Do not talk too much to the child 32 meal times，but let him get on with his food，and do not 33 him to le

46、ave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food 34 that he can hurry back to his toys.On 35 condition must a child be coaxed(哄骗)or forced to eat.【语篇解读】本文主要告诉父母关于孩子饮食应注意的问题。21A.if BuntilCthat DunlessD前两句说“孩子的胃口很好”，故“除非饭菜做得太差，否则他们很少会不吃饭”。22A.anxiously BattractivelyCurg

47、ently DeagerlyB根据文中的“improve a childs appetite”可以看出是attractively served，表示是“香喷喷的饭菜”。23A.whether BwhatCthat DwhichA根据文中的or可以看出此处是whether.or.结构。24A.everybody BanybodyCsomebody DnobodyB根据上下文可以看出，要让一个孩子有一个好的胃口，就不能让任何人在孩子面前谈论上述话题，否定句中用anybody。25A.willing BpossibleCforced DlikelyDbe likely to copy意为“有可能要模

48、仿”。possible一般不能用“人”作主语。26A.with BasCover DforDtake it for granted为固定搭配，意为“认为是理所当然的”。27A.should BmayCwill DmustCwill表示将来，本句意为“想当然地认为孩子喜欢所有的食物，他可能就会喜欢”。28A.supposed BprovedCconsidered DrelatedAa supposed dislike意为“假设的不喜欢”。29A.point BcustomCidea DplanC表示“好主意”要用a good idea。custom和plan不符合本题语境；point意为“点”。

49、30A.ask BcomeCreturn DtakeB此句说明的是“少吃好滋味”这一道理，好吃的话，他会回来多添。31A.much BlittleCfew DmanyA根据上文的意思，表示“不要一下子就给他能吃完的量”。32A.on BoverCby DduringDduring meal times意为“吃饭时间”。33A.agree BallowCforce DpersuadeBagree不能接sb.to do sth.，C、D两项与句意不符；此处用allow表示“不允许他一吃完饭就离开饭桌”。34A.so BuntilCin case DalthoughAso此处相当于so that，引

50、导的是目的状语从句。35A.some BanyCsuch DnoD最后一句的倒装句表明句首应是表示否定意义的词。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Fast food business 36. (develop)tremendously in the past 50 years.Nowadays people see all kinds of fast food restaurants here and there，which 37._(clear)shows how closely it is related to our daily life.Most people bel

51、ieve that fast food business has become part of our life and its 38._(develop)is good for both society and people.Firstly，the best thing about fast food is being fast.Now everyone lives a busy life，so time is the most 39._(value)thing to us all.Fast food offers an efficient way 40._(eat)You will was

52、te no time in waiting or choosing.41._，fast food restaurants provide us with 42._good environment for entertainment and study.Friends come here，chatting or playing cards；students come here，reading books or doing homework，and meanwhile you can enjoy a bag of chips and a bottle of cola 43._will bring

53、more pleasure.Thirdly，youngsters can even find good opportunities of working practice in some fast food restaurants.Working experience helps them understand society 44._(well)and improve their communicating skills.In many ways，we benefit a lot 45._fast food business.Therefore，I think it helpful and

54、important to our life.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了快餐业的一些情况。36has developed考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past 50 years可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时态。fast food business与develop之间为主谓关系，故填has developed。37clearly考查副词。此处应用副词clearly(清楚地)来修饰谓语动词shows。38development考查名词。由its可知，此处该用develop的名词形式development(发展)。39valuable考查形容词。现在每个人的生活都很忙碌，所以时间对

55、我们大家来说是最珍贵的东西。此处用形容词修饰thing，故用valuable。40to eat考查非谓语动词。此处指一种高效的饮食方式。way(方式)其后常用不定式的一般主动式作定语。41Secondly考查副词。结合该段中的“Firstly”和“Thirdly”可知用Secondly。42a考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且good以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。43which/that考查定语从句。空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a bag of chips and a bottle of cola，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which/that。44better考查比较级。better(更

56、好地)修饰动词understand。45from考查介词。benefit from表示“从中受益”，为固定结构。.应用文写作(满分15分)假如你是李华，你班的英语老师让你参加你们学校组织的“How to keep healthy”英语作文比赛写一篇参赛作文，请你根据以下信息进行写作。词数80左右。内容包括：1饮食方面：多吃蔬菜与水果，少吃肉类；2情绪方面：保持积极的心情，良好的情绪；3锻炼方面：经常运动(跑步、散步等)。 【参考范文】Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about their health.So it is necessary

57、 for us to know how to keep healthy.First of all，its necessary for us to keep a balanced diet.We should eat more vegetables and fruit which contain lots of vitamins and less meat.Moreover，keeping a good state of mind is also good for our health.We should always have an active attitude towards life.L

58、ast but not least，make sure we take proper exercise every day.Running or walking，simple as it is，has a positive effect on our health.In a word，there is a lot we can do to keep healthy.Lets take action to be healthier.读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I sat at the breakfas

59、t table with my fouryearold son，Matthewtrying to ignore the ache in my stomach.“Mama，want to play？”“Not today，baby.” I shook my head.These days I could barely get out of bed.I was still recovering from a surgery.I hoped for strength and happiness.But the future seemed so hopeless.Suddenly，Matthew ju

60、mped up from his spot on the kitchen floor.“Bird！” he shouted，rushing to our courtyard.Sure enough，there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree.It sat there for a few moments，and then flew away.Strangely，Id never seen one in our neighborhood before.When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next mor

61、ning，the dove was back.This time with a mate carrying twigs(嫩枝)“Look，Matthew，” I said，pointing to the tree.“Theyre going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week，building on top of the rubber tree.Matthew could hardly contain his excitement.Every morning，hed run into the

62、kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door talking to the birds while they worked.His enthusiasm was influential.As much as I was grieving(悲伤)，I couldnt help but look forward to the doves visits too.Then it all went wrong.The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest，but the rubber trees

63、branch，thin leaves were far from stable.One night，a strong wind blew，throwing the doves nest to the ground.I heard the twigs break apart.I surveyed the damage.Nothing good ever lasts.I wouldnt blame the doves if they never came back.But they returned.And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks

64、that had once been their nest.They started again from scratch.Again，though，the wind destroyed all their hard work.The next day，and the next，they renewed their efforts，as if nothing had happened.Paragraph 1：I knew I had to do something. Paragraph 2：“It works！The birds are back！” Matthew announced. 【参

65、考范文】Paragraph 1：I knew I had to do something.The white dove and its mate had given me something to look forward to，even in my darkest days.Now I was going to help them in return.I woke up the following morning with a plan.There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits.I hammered a

66、 shelf into the wall next to the rubber tree and covered it with leaves to make it look like a tree.Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door，waiting and hoping.Paragraph 2：“It works! The birds are back！”Matthew announced.There they were sitting on top of the shelf，adding some twigs to the

67、new nest despite damage from the strong wind.Three weeks later，we watched three chicks break free from their shells.“Chirp，chirp！” Matthew sang.I held him close and kissed him，feeling more positive and hopeful than I had in months.I realized all around me，life went on.And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldnt even imagine.