名著等训练（含解析）北师大版 2022届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 16 小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学.doc

1、小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)masterpiece biography classic original adaptation essay myth legend fairy tale detective subscribe employ classical literature mystery publish background technique reflect (二)主题词汇训练biography， literature， masterpiece， legend

2、， fairy， mystery， technique， background， essay， reflect.选词填空1The play was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it very disappointing.2She agreed to collaborate with him in writing her biography.3We asked Jason to write an essay about his hometown.4It is difficult to separate legend from truth.5T

3、hats a fairy story about a wizard.6The book is an invaluable aid to teachers of literature.7Its a complete mystery to me why they chose him.8I kept hearing the sound of applause in the background.9He went off to the Amsterdam Academy to improve his technique.10His image was reflected many times in t

4、he mirror.单句语法填空1It is one of the most original (origin) works of imagination in the language.2Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation (adapt)3Which kind of stories do you like, love stories or detective (detect) stories? 4Many graduates are employed (employ)

5、 in the electronics and computing industries.5A number of other techniques (technique) are now being used by psychologists.6She decided on reflection (reflect) to accept his offer after all.7He plays classical (classic) music, as well as pop and jazz.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解(2021广州模拟)Lets begin with the story

6、: King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymath Archimedes (阿基米德) to detect fraud in the manufacture of a golden crown.Archimedes accepts the challenge and, during a subsequent trip to the public baths, realizes that the more his body sinks into the water, the more water is displaced making the di

7、splaced water an exact measure of his volume.Realizing he has hit upon a method to determine whether the Kings crown was made of gold or silver, the young Greek leaps out of the bath and rushes home naked crying “Eureka! Eureka！” Or, translated：“Ive found it! Ive found it！”Too bad, however, Archimed

8、es probably never uttered the phrase in that way.First and foremost, Archimedes himself never wrote about this episode, although he spent plenty of time detailing the laws of buoyancy (浮力)The oldest authority for the nakedArchimedes eureka story is Vitruvius, a Roman writer, who included the tale in

9、 his introduction to his ninth book of architecture.“Vitruvius may have gotten it wrong，” says Chris Schmitt, a mathematician at the University of Berlin and a selfdescribed Archimedes fan.“The method attributed to Archimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right, but when you actually try

10、 it, you find that the real world gets in the way.”In fact, Schmitt is one of a long line of scientists, including Galileo, who have read the account and thought, “That cant be right.” As Galileo wrote, Archimedes could have achieved a far more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an acc

11、urate scale.In fact, the surface tension of water can make the volume of a light object like a crown immeasurable.“There may be some truth to it，” Schmitt adds.“Archimedes did measure the volume of things but the eureka moment was maybe due to his original discovery concerning buoyance, not to sitti

12、ng in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked.”Much like Newtons apple, the exclamation persists because of the enduring power of the story: a golden crown, a life in the balance, a naked mathematician.The_suspect_foundations_of_the_eureka_moment_take_nothing_away_from_the_words_abili

13、ty_to_uniquely_and_concisely_convey_the_flash_of_inspiration.1According to the first paragraph, how would Archimedes measure the volume of the crown?AHe would weigh himself with and without the crown.BHe would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.CHe would go to the public baths wearing

14、the crown on his head.DHe would sink the crown into water and measure the water displaced.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，阿基米德会将王冠沉入水中，通过测排出的水的重量来测量皇冠的重量。故选D。2What did Galileo probably think of the nakedArchimedes eureka story?AHe believed the word “eureka” was said in another situation.BHe suspected Archimed

15、es didnt run through the street naked.CHe doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.DHe thought Archimedes would not have used the method described.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，阿基米德本可以利用他自己的浮力定律和精确的比例尺得到更精确的结果。因此，伽利略认为阿基米德不会使用所描述的方法。故选D。3What can be inferred from the underlined sentence

16、 in the last paragraph?AThe word “eureka” is still widely used today.BThe word “eureka” is now a formal scientific term.CMost people accept the authenticity of the original story.DPeople are still inspired by the achievements of Archimedes.解析：选A句意理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，这个感叹词之所以能持续存在，是因为这个故事有一种经久不衰的力量。由此可以推

17、断出画线句子表示“eureka”这个词至今仍被广泛使用。故选A。4What is the purpose of this text?ATo introduce the famous scientist Archimedes.BTo examine the credibility of the eureka story.CTo explain how the word “eureka” was created.DTo urge people not to use the word “eureka” anymore.解析：选B写作目的题。结合文章主要内容为论证历史上阿基米德灵感迸发故事的可信度可知

18、，本文的目的是检验eureka故事的可信度。故选B。.完形填空(2021大庆实验中学模拟)When my mother passed away a few years ago, my father was left alone in the large house they had _1_ for 50 years.Without her to watch out for him, he was _2_ about who would find him and _3_ if something happened.My sister and I live in other states, so

19、we _4_ the idea that Dad could send us a(n) _5_ every morning when he awoke.Thus was _6_ the Morning Report.Hes usually up at the break of dawn, and his half a dozen or so sentences are _7_ in my inbox when I_8_， although there is a twohour time difference._9_ theres no email, I call him, or my sist

20、er does, to make sure everything is _10_.The reports have become more than a daily _11_， though: Theyre a diary of sorts, a planning tool, a catalyst (催化剂) for more extended conversation, and a source of insight into his life._12_ them, Dad tells us about his daily life.He might be heading to the st

21、ore for bananas, going to his exercise class, or having lunch with friends.Each email _13_ with “All my love, Dad.” When my mother was _14_， that emotion was normally _15_ for her.Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us.For me, what started as a _16_ security measu

22、re has led to a deeper_17_.Im _18_ my father is still able to manage his computer and the Internet.I know the day will come when hell no longer be able to _19_ the reports, and well have to find other ways to stay in touch.But until then they are our way of knowing that another _20_ day has begun.语篇

23、解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了母亲去世之后，作者用电子邮件和父亲保持联系的故事。1A.builtBleftCshared Dexpected解析：选C根据上文“my father was left alone in the large house”可知，父亲独自一人住在他们共同(shared)居住了50年的大房子里。故选C。2A.particular BconcernedCconfused Dcurious解析：选B根据上文“Without her to watch out for him”可知，在没有母亲照顾的情况下，父亲担心如果发生了什么事，谁会找到他并帮助(help)他。be c

24、oncerned about“担心”。故选B。3A.watch BvisitCserve Dhelp解析：选D参见上题解析。4A.hit on Blet outCpicked out Dsearched for解析：选A根据上文“My sister and I live in other states”可知，作者和妹妹离父亲比较远，所以她们想到(hit on)发电子邮件(email)的方式，故选A。5A.diary BemailCcard Dpicture解析：选B参见上题解析。6A.born BheardCpresented Daccepted解析：选A根据上文要求父亲每天早上发一封邮件等细

25、节可知，此处表示每天早上报平安就这样产生了(born)，故选A。7A.forming BhidingCbreaking Dwaiting解析：选D根据上文“Hes usually up at the break of dawn”可知，父亲早早起来给作者发了邮件，此处指邮件在信箱里等着(waiting)作者，故选D。8A.dress up Bget inCwake up Dgo away解析：选C父亲起来早给作者发邮件，而此时作者还没有醒来(wake up)，故选C。9A.If BUntilCThough DSince解析：选A根据下文“theres no email, I call him,

26、or my sister does, to make sure everything is _”可知，此处表示如果(if)没有收到邮件，作者会打电话，故选A。10A.clear BfineCready Dsafe解析：选B根据上文可知，作者让父亲每天发邮件就是为了报平安。fine“(状况)好的”。故选B。11A.meet BcheckCtrain Dlesson解析：选B根据上文作者让父亲发邮件报平安的细节描述可知，这是一种检查(check)是否一切都好的方式，故选B。12A.Behind BAfterCBesides DThrough解析：选D根据下文“Dad tells us about

27、his daily life”可知，此处是指通过(Through)邮件父亲告诉作者她们他的日常生活，故选D。13A.passes BreturnsCends Dworks解析：选C根据“All my love, Dad.”可知，此处是指邮件以这句话结尾(ends)，故选C。14A.alive BsickCasleep Dyoung解析：选A根据下文“Now that she is gone”可知，此处是指母亲活着的(alive)时候，故选A。15A.controlled BreplacedCreserved Dchanged解析：选C根据下文“Now that she is gone, he

28、shares those feelings and his experiences with us.”可知，母亲在世时很关心父亲，父亲的爱通常留给(reserved)母亲，故选C。16A.common BpopularCfunny Dsimple解析：选D根据上文作者让父亲发邮件的细节描述可知，这是一个简单的(simple)确保父亲一切都好的方式，故选D。17A.truth BclosenessCsense Dview解析：选B根据上文可知，发邮件的方式让作者更了解父亲，让他们的关系更亲密(closeness)，故选B。18A.grateful BproudChopeful Dsurprise

29、d解析：选A父亲会使用电脑，才能给她们写邮件分享日常，所以作者对此表示感激(grateful)和庆幸，故选A。19A.read BdiscussCwrite Dreceive解析：选C根据“well have to find other ways to stay in touch”可知，作者知道有一天他再也不能写(write)邮件了，故选C。20A.different BbusyCimportant Dnormal解析：选D根据上文“Dad tells us about his daily life”可知，父亲与“我们”分享的是普通的(normal)日常生活，故选D。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓

30、展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)inspirationthrillingvivid works appreciation review description comment theme symbol character plot ending setting previous complicated ancient meet translate genuinely (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1Our wildlife trips offer a thrilling (thrill) encounter with wildlife in its

31、natural state.2Please accept this gift in appreciation (appreciate) of all youve done for us.3The description (describe) which he had given was brief and to the point.4It was the perfect ending (end) to the perfect day.5The island is the perfect setting (set) for a beach holiday.6This lady was genui

32、nely (genuine) surprised at what happened to her pet.写出下列句中加蓝单词的汉语意思1He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot. 生动的2I think there is an age limit, but Id have to review. 检查3White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 象征4There were some really strange characters hanging

33、 around the bar.(令人讨厌的或古怪的)人5The earthquake centres had been plotted on a world map. 标绘6They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning. 古代的7Only a small number of Kadares books have been translated into English. 翻译.用本单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词汇1Its all very complicated but Ill try and explai

34、n. complex2I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement. former3Last night, when he was parking my car, he met a classmate he had at Stanford. came_across二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解(2021榆林检测)Here are a few of the most popular genres in the UK.FantasyUK has always been famous for stories of magic and w

35、izardry.There are strong cultural memories of the ancestors who built Stonehenge and ruled the country before the arrival of the Romans.Shakespeare wrote a fantastical play: A Midsummer Nights Dream, for example.Frankston was born when the English poet Lord Byron invited Mary Shelley and others to c

36、reate a horror story when holidaying in Geneva.The tradition of British fantasy is still alive and kicking, Harry Potter by JK.Rowling is just one example.Chick litChick lit refers to books that are written about and for modern women.The most famous example is probably Bridget Joness Diary by the Br

37、itish author Helen Fielding.Titles in this genre are usually about complicated love lives, modern working life and trying to remain healthy.These books usually contain humor or a “feel good” factor.In many ways they represent escapist fantasy, but they are popular because they deal with daytoday top

38、ics.CrimeThe UK is known for its detective fiction and modern mysteries.One of the most famous British authors in this genre is of course Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who started the Sherlock Holmes stories in 1887.The characters in the fiction are still popular on television and in film.There are many c

39、ontemporary popular British authors of crime fiction: PD James, Ian Rankin, Colin Dexter.Celebrity autobiographiesIt seems that every minor celebrity (famous person) has written a book these days.Theyre not really serious authors and simply cashing in on their “15 minutes” of fame.Many of the books

40、are “kiss and tell”They are of interest to readers only because of the secrets they reveal about other famous people.This genre is popular because the celebrity culture is well developed in the UK.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国流行的四种文学形式，包括奇幻故事、畅销小说、犯罪小说和名人自传。1Why is British Fantasy so popular?ATheir ancest

41、ors built Stonehenge.BIt is part of the British cultural identity.CThere are many fantasy authors.DEnglish poet Lord Byron created this type of fiction.解析：选B推理判断题。根据Fantasy部分第一、二句可推知，英国奇幻故事如此受欢迎，是因为这是英国文化认同的一部分。故选B。2Which of the following fictions deals with daytoday topics?AFrankston.BSherlock Holm

42、es.CBridget Joness Diary. DHarry Potter.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Chick lit最后一句可知，Bridget Joness Diary涉及日常话题。故选C。3Why do many people like to read celebrity autobiographies?AThey want to know how these famous people succeed.BThey want to know how they can earn a lot of money in a short time.CThey want to know the

43、 private life of famous people.DThey want to find a way to kill their time.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Celebrity autobiographies部分的“because of the secrets they reveal about other famous people”可知，许多人喜欢看名人自传，因为他们想知道名人的私生活。故选C。.阅读七选五(2021兰州一中模拟)Where did your family eat dinner last night? In the car on the way to sp

44、ort? At McDonalds? Or at the dinner table? A survey taken a few years ago found that 28% families ate dinner together at home seven nights a week.Another quarter said they ate together three or fewer nights a week.Once upon a time the situation was different._1_ Plates, forks and spoons would be lai

45、d out.As dinner time approached, an increasing number of hungry mouths would begin to appear with the question, “Whats for dinner”？_2_ The data seems to point to two main issues: overworked parents and overscheduled children.When mum or dad do get home in the evening, they are soon in the car again

46、to send the children to soccer, music, tutoring, and a host of other events.This nightly ceremony around the dinner table is both vital and fruitful; it is what keeps a family together.Sure, the conversation is not always significant and children argue.And sometimes the deepest and most meaningful t

47、imes in a family are not at the table at all._3_The dinner table is the place where a family builds an identity.Stories are passed down, jokes are exchanged and the wider world is examined through the lens (镜头) of a familys values.Children pick up vocabulary and a sense of how conversation is struct

48、ured._4_ Dinner time is “family time”Coming back daily to the same place helps gain familiarity.The significance of dinner time is more than above.Studies show that the more families eat together, the less likely the children are to smoke, drink, get depressed, and develop eating disorders, and the

49、more likely they are to do well in school and learn how to socialize.One professor at Rutgers University in New Jersey stated，“A meal is about civilizing children._5_”So start by planning some stay at home family dinners together.Just family talk.AIts a time to teach them to be a member of their cul

50、ture.BEach night the dining table would be set with a simple cloth.CWhy not cut back on a few activities and have dinner with your family?DWhat accounts for this decline in families eating together today though?EThey also learn good table manners, something that will benefit them for life.FIt was im

51、portant for children and parents to sit down together and get to know each other.GHowever, there is still something unique about the time a family spends around the dinner table.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全家人聚在一起共享晚餐对孩子的成长有很大的益处。1选B空处上文提到从前的情况大不相同，B项“每天晚上，餐桌上都会铺上简单的桌布”承接上文，并与下文并列解释第一句的情况，符合语境。故选B。2选D根据上文的以前

52、和现在情况的对比和下文的回答“The data seems to point to two main issues”可知，此处应为设问句，D项“然而，是什么导致了今天家庭聚餐的减少呢？”符合语境，故选D。3选G根据上一句“有时，家庭中最深刻、最有意义的时刻根本不在餐桌上”以及空格后一句又说到餐桌的重要性可知，此处应为转折的意思，G项“然而，一家人围坐在一起吃晚饭的时刻仍有其独特之处”符合语境，故选G。4选E本段重点描述全家围绕餐桌一同就餐的好处，上一句提到了在餐桌上孩子们牙牙学语，E项中“they”指代前句中的children，而且also一词的使用表明了与上一句的逻辑衔接关系，E项“他们同时

53、也能学会好的餐桌礼仪，那是让他们受益终生的东西”符合语境，故选E。5选A根据上一句“A meal is about civilizing children.”可知，一家人共进晚餐对教化孩子意义重大，A项“这是教育孩子传承家庭文化的机会”符合语境，故选A。.书面表达(2021淮阴月考)假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行“用英语讲中国故事”比赛，请你给留学生Mike写一封电子邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：1比赛的时间和地点；2比赛的意义；3报名方式。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mike， Yours，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Mike，Our schoo

54、l is going to hold a contest in the lecture hall to tell Chinese stories in English, starting at 9 am. next Friday, which Id like to invite you to participate in.As you know, we organize such activities every year, for they can boost our spoken English.Considering you are always a big fan of Chinese culture, I think you must be crazy about joining us，by which you can have a better understanding of Chinese stories.If you are available, please register at the student council office before next Wednesday.Im eagerly awaiting your reply.Yours，Li Hua