2020-2021学年高中英语 同步课时作业（1）Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking（含解析）新人教版选择性必修2.doc

1、Unit 1同步课时作业（1）Reading and Thinking一、1.The police suspect there may be a _ (联系) between the two cases.2.Were faced with a s_(严重的) situation where we have to give up what were eager for most.3.There was no p_(证据) that the knife belonged to her.4.In a world that warms up by 3, it found that m_(许多的) ch

2、anges to the colour of the oceans would occur.5.This switch has d_(减少) pollution in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people6. They felt _ (frustrate) at the lack of progress.7. The local government is _ (blame) for not informing the public of the case in time

3、. 8.But the information I got was rich and varied, or even _(contradict). 9. As an adult, we have to learn _ (handle) stress.10. Those who lack resistance are more likely to _ (infect) with the virus.二、in time, attend to, once and for all, subscribe to, as a result, thanks to, in general, draw a con

4、clusion1. Judging from what he said, I _ that hed been lying.2. My sisters birthday is approaching. Luckily, the gift bought for her is sent _.3. If you would like to receive regular daily news by email, then you can _ this service as follows.4. _ the summer camp for exchange students, they can lear

5、n a lot about Chinese culture.5. Would you please _ the child when I am off to work?6. Building a large gym is a tough task; it is not something that can be completed _ in a year.7. Many mistakes have been escaping detection, and a lot of money has been lost _.8. Through poverty-relief policies, far

6、mers in this area _ are better off than they were three years ago.三、 Elon Musk, perhaps the worlds most brilliant businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability. On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI), starting from the d

7、esign of a neural lace(神经织网), a net of thin electrodes (电极) that capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation(植入)of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective

8、, the process has to be automated. Mr. Musks team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Their presentation includes videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs threads, and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also desi

9、gned a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes. With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someones ear, picking up signals from the implant

10、ed chip and passing them on as appropriate. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive. Though, as thi

11、s announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, at least the concept that some machines will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the so

12、ftware needed to interpret brainwaves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.1.We can learn from the first two paragraphs that _.A.electrodes should be flexible to extend lifeB.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexp

13、ected ideasC.a neural lace is used to store information from the brainD.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons2.What does the underlined word prevalent in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Useful.B.Common.C.Professional.D.Appropriate.3.What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?A.Co

14、nvincing people to accept the surgery.B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.4.What is the best title of this passage?A.The Neural Lace, a New Type of BMIB.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human BeingsC.Artifi

15、cial Intelligence, the Way to SurviveD.A Brain Implant, a Step to Control Machines四、 Cholera used to be one of _ (frightening) diseases. In the early 19th century, when_ outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause nor its cure was understood. A British doctor, John

16、 Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled_ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories_ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an infection from_

17、(germ) in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later with all the evidence he_ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Ther

18、efore, he had the handle of the pump_ (remove) so that it couldnt be used. Through his intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. Whats more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that_(pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more lik

19、ely_(get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snows efforts, the_(threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.答案以及解析一、1.答案：link2.答案：severe解析：句意:我们面临着严峻的形势,那就是我们得放弃我们最渴望的东西。3.答案：proof解析：句意:没有证据证明那把刀子是属于她的。4.答案：multiple解析：句意:在一个升温3摄氏度的世界里,它发现海洋的颜色会发生多种变

20、化。5.答案：decreased解析：句意:这一转变减少了这个国家主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水更加安全。6.答案：frustrated解析：句意:没有进展,他们感到受挫。feel此处是系动词,后面应该用形容词。7.答案：to blame解析：句意:当地政府应该为未能及时告知公众这个案件而负责。be to blame for. 为承担责任,归咎于。8.答案：contradictory解析：句意:但我得到的信息是丰富多样的,甚至是相互矛盾的。此处系动词was后面用形容词,rich, varied和contradictory是三个并列的形容词。9.答案：to handle解析：考查非谓语动词

21、。句意:作为成年人,我们必须学会应对压力。learn to do.意为“学会做”,故填to handle。10.答案：be infected解析：句意:那些缺乏抵抗力的人更容易感染这种病毒。be infected with固定短语,意为“被感染”。二、答案：1.drew a conclusion 2.in time 3.subscribe to 4.Thanks to 5.attend to 6.once and for all 7.as a result 8.in general三、答案：1-4 BBAA解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段Elon Musk.has a habit of mak

22、ing statements that stretch the bounds of believability.(Elon Musk有一种习惯,他发表的言论延伸了可信度的范围。) 以及第二段中On July 16th,2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface(BMI)(2019年7月16日,他介绍了一种新型的脑机接口。)可知Elon Musk经常能提出前所未闻的想法,B项符合题意。故选B。2.词义猜测题。根据第四段中They designed a small device that would sit behind so

23、meones ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.可知,现在设计的小设备应用较为复杂。画线词所在句表述为几年后,与现在形成对比,表明这项技术会变得更为普遍和简易,就像戴无线耳机一样。故B项common“普遍的”切合题意。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainw

24、aves, but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery. is actually a good idea.可知,最大的阻碍可能不是写软件,而是说服人们做这种必要的外科手术其实是个好主意。意在表明实施BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据第二段中On July 16th,2019,he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface(BMI)可知2019年7月16日,他介绍了一种新型的脑机接口。接下来全文围绕新型脑机接口(BMI)进行展开说明

25、,因此可知A项“神经织网,一种新型的脑机接口”切题。故选A。四、答案：the most frightening an unless that/which germs had gathered/gathered removed was polluted to get threat 解析：考查形容词最高级。由空前的one of并结合语境可知，此处表示最令人害怕的，故填the most frightening。考查冠词。outbreak 为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且outbreak的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示如果不，除非,故填unless。考查定语从句。分析句子结

26、构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词two contradictory theories，并在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that/which。考查名词复数。germ 表示细菌，病菌，是可数名词，因其前没有限定词，故填germs。考查时态。由主句的时态可知，此处表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。也可看作叙述过去的事情，故也可用一般过去时。考查非谓语动词。此处考查have +宾语+宾补结构，因the handle of the pump与remove之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。考查时态和语态。空前的that引导定语从句，指代先行词the River Thames，因the River Thames与pollute之间是被动关系，且此处表示发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.意为可能做某事，故填to get。考查词形转换。空处作主语，故应用名词threat。