2020高考英语江苏专用版考前冲刺5周限时练辑：限时训练（十四） WORD版含解析.docx

1、限时训练(十四).完形填空话题：改变自己难度：It seems like yesterday when I was told that I would never amount to anything.I vividly remember those words but actually they are not a(n) 1 to my success in the end.You may be wondering who said these words to me.It was certainly not my parents as you might first think.Some

2、people may have thought so given that I was a stubborn young man who was always 2 .As a matter of fact，they are right 3 I certainly had my own way of doing things and I did not like to 4 rules.The story started in high school.I made what I thought was a(n) 5 request and the principal(校长) had 6 the s

3、ame request of certain individuals before.To my 7 ，his reply was “No way”.I politely asked him why.He said because it 8 school policies.Then I 9 ，indicating precisely whom he had approved of for the same request.It made no 10 the answer was still no.Needless to say，I was very upset at these very 11

4、words.I graduated from high school，barely.I didnt want to 12 what the principal had said，but it seemed that he was right because I did not go on to college and didnt have a(n) 13 job，jumping from one to the next.Then，one day I got really angry with myself，the person who，for years，always did his own

5、thing，ignoring the 14 .As I concluded my own conversation with myself，my previous thought 15 .Maybe the principal offered me his 16 ；maybe he was trying to get me upset so that I would fight to be better at that time. 17 that point，I became relaxed and made a choice that would put me on the road to

6、a university education and beyond.As the years have rolled on by，I have often recounted that day and what has ended up as a(n) 18 .The real message in this：we should 19 ourselves and we all have choices，some of which will not be easy，but what is 20 to do in the long run is worth every minute.So，pick

7、 yourself up and move forward!语篇解读本文讲述了在高中时作者向校长提出的一个请求被拒，作者为此深受打击。后来作者通过反思认识到是自己的问题，于是努力做出了改变。1.A.attitude B.referenceC.barrier D.approach答案C解析虽然这样的话令人沮丧，但是最终也没有成为作者成功的阻碍(barrier)。2.A.complaining B.apologizingC.compromising D.rebelling答案D解析一些人之所以这样认为是因为作者小时候非常叛逆(rebel)。3.A.as if B.even if C.in that

8、 D.so that答案C解析本空前后为因果关系。这些人是正确的，因为(in that)作者有自己的做事方式，不喜欢遵守(follow)规则。4.A.follow B.apply C.establish D.interpret答案A解析参考上题解析。5.A.urgent B.uncertainC.sensitive D.reasonable答案D解析作者向校长提出了一个自认为合理的(reasonable)请求。6.A.stood for B.made upC.subscribed to D.put forward答案C解析校长之前同意(subscribe to)过某些人的同样的请求，所以当校长

9、拒绝时，作者非常惊讶(astonishment)。7.A.astonishment B.amusementC.horror D.relief答案A解析参考上题解析。to ones astonishment使某人惊讶的是。8.A.revealed B.violatedC.elected D.assessed答案B解析作者问校长拒绝的理由时，校长说这样的请求违背(violate)学校的政策。9.A.regretted B.admittedC.submitted D.argued答案D解析作者据理力争(argue)，指出这样的请求之前得到过允许。10.A.demand B.senseC.promis

10、e D.mention答案B解析但是这样做毫无意义，校长仍然不同意。make no sense 毫无意义。11.A.precise B.abstractC.negative D.empty答案C解析听到这样否定的(negative)话，作者感到很沮丧。12.A.suspect B.acknowledgeC.comprehend D.assume答案B解析作者不想接受(acknowledge)校长说的话，但是他说的话似乎是正确的。13.A.stable B.creativeC.additional D.professional答案A解析高中毕业后，作者没有上大学，也没有稳定的(stable)工作

11、，经常换工作。14.A.rewards B.memoriesC.regulations D.contributions答案C解析有一天作者意识到自己一直以来都忽视规则(regulation)，为此感到很生气。15.A.worsened B.adaptedC.disappeared D.changed答案D解析作者经过反省之后，之前的想法也发生了改变(change)。16.A.alternative B.assistanceC.commitment D.forgiveness答案B解析作者想也许校长说那样的话是为了帮助(assistance)自己。意识到(realize)这一点后，作者变得轻松，

12、选择了上大学继续深造。17.A.Realizing B.OpposingC.Ignoring D.Previewing答案A解析参考上题解析。18.A.privilege B.hardshipC.compensation D.inspiration答案D解析很多年过去后，作者认为校长那天说的话对他其实是一种鼓舞(inspiration)。19.A.take on B.focus onC.reflect on D.rely on答案C解析我们应该时刻进行自我反省(reflect on)，并勇敢做出选择。20.A.challenging B.ambiguousC.disappointing D.c

13、ontroversial答案A解析一些选择可能非常具有挑战性(challenging)，但是从长远来看，这样的选择非常值得。.阅读理解A话题：普瑞巴林的使用难度：IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT LYRICALYRICA may cause serious，even life threatening，allergic reactions.Stop taking LYRICA and call your doctor right away if you have any signs of serious allergic reactions：swelling

14、of your face，mouth，lips，gums，tongue，throat or neckhave any trouble breathingLYRICA may cause suicidal thoughts or actions in a very small number of people，about 1 in 500.Call your doctor right away if you have any symptoms，especially if they are new，worse or worry you，including：feeling restlesspanic

15、 attacksacting aggressive，being angry，or violentnew or worse depressionan extreme increase in activity and talkingother unusual changes in behavior or moodLYRICA may cause swelling of your hands，legs and feet.This swelling can be a serious problem for people with heart problems.LYRICA may cause dizz

16、iness or sleepiness.Do not drive a car，work with machines，or do other dangerous things until you know how LYRICA affects you.ABOUT LYRICALYRICA is a prescription medicine used in adults 18 years and older to treat：pain from damaged nerves that happens with diabetes or that follows healing of shingle

17、s or spinal cord injuryFibromyalgia (pain all over your body)Who should NOT take LYRICA：Anyone who is allergic to anything in LYRICAAnyone who is pregnant or plans to become pregnantBEFORE STARTING LYRICATell your doctor about all your medical conditions，including if you：have or had kidney problemsh

18、ave heart problems，including heart failure语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了药物普瑞巴林的使用说明，涉及该药的禁忌、副作用以及适用人群等信息。21.According to the instructions，which of the following people can take the medicine?A.Jenny,26，expecting her first babyB.Henry,15，living with diabetesC.Finny,37，having heart problemsD.Sunny,41，suffering from

19、pain severely答案D解析细节理解题。根据ABOUT LYRICA部分中的“LYRICA is a prescription medicine used in adults 18 years and older to treat: pain from damaged nerves that happens with diabetes or that follows healing of shingles or spinal cord injury”可排除B项；根据“This swelling can be a serious problem for people with heart

20、 problems.”可排除C项；根据“Anyone who is pregnant or plans to become pregnant”可排除A项。故只有D项符合要求。22.What symptoms may LYRICA cause?a.breathing trouble b.emotional changesc.kidney problems d.heart failuree.sleep loss f.feeling dizzyA.a，c，d B.a，b，fC.c，e，f D.b，d，e答案B解析细节理解题。根据“have any trouble breathing，other un

21、usual changes in behavior or mood，LYRICA may cause dizziness or sleepiness”可知a，b，f三项都是LYRICA可能导致的症状。故B项正确。B话题：美洲狮难度：Humans kill large carnivoresa category of animals that includes wolves，bears，lions，tigers and pumasat more than nine times their death rate in the wild.Although they may not be our pre

22、y(猎物) in the traditional sense，new research shows that some of the worlds biggest carnivores are responding to humans in a way that resembles how prey animals react to predators(捕食者).Biologists at the Santa Cruz Puma Project，an ongoing research effort in the mountains of Californias central coast，re

23、port that even the scary puma，or mountain lion，shows its fearful side when people are around.In a recent study，the researchers followed 17 mountain lions outfitted with GPS collars(项圈) to the animals deer kill sites.Once the cats naturally left the scene between feedings，ecologist Justin A.Smith，now

24、 at the University of California Berkeley，and her team trained motion-activated cameras on the prey bodies.On the animals return，the cameras triggered nearby speakers，which broadcast recordings of either frogs croaking (呱呱叫) or humans conversing.The pumas almost always fled immediately on hearing th

25、e human voices，and many never returned to resume feeding or took a long time to do so.But they only rarely stopped eating or fled when they heard the frogs.They also spent less than half as much time feeding during the 24 hours after first hearing human chatter，compared with hearing the frogs，the te

26、am reported.The human presence in such a situation has far-reaching consequences.A previous study found that Santa Cruz pumas living near residential areas killed 36 percent more deer than those in less populated places.The new finding could explain why：if the cats are scared away from their kills b

27、efore they finish feeding，they may be taking more prey to compensate.And fewer deer could mean more plants go uneaten，according to Chris Darimont，a professor of conservation science at the University of Victoria in British Columbia，who was not involved in the study.Thus，fear of humans may alter the

28、entire food chain.“Humans are the most significant source of death for pumas in this population even though the cats are not legally hunted for food or sport，” Smith says.“Many are hunted illegally，struck by vehicles or legally killed by governmental agencies as a means of protecting livestock.So th

29、ey have good reason to be fearful of us，” she adds.Darimont predicts other large carnivores would show similar responses because humans have effectively become the planets top predatoreven if we often do not eat what we kill.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过观察美洲狮对青蛙叫声或人类声音的反应来做出新的发现。史密斯对政府追捕美洲狮持客观的态度。23.How did r

30、esearchers make the discovery?A.By fitting GPS collars to the animals prey and following them.B.By getting to the kill sites and broadcasting all types of sounds.C.By observing pumas reaction to frogs croaking or humans voices.D.By counting how long pumas spent eating in different backgrounds.答案C解析推

31、理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“On the animals return，the cameras triggered nearby speakers，which broadcast recordings of either frogs croaking (呱呱叫) or humans conversing.”可知，研究人员通过观察美洲狮对青蛙叫声或人类声音的反应来做出新的发现。故选C。24.According to the passage，humans presence will lead to .A.less deer being eatenB.more plants left uneate

32、nC.pumas occupying less populated areasD.more pumas feeding times within a day答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知，这项新发现可以解释其中的原因：如果猫科动物在吃完猎物之前就被人吓跑了，那么它们可能会吃掉更多的猎物作为补偿。鹿的减少可能意味着更多的植物没有被吃掉。所以人的出现会间接导致更多的植物没被吃掉。25.Smiths attitude towards the government hunting pumas is .A.doubtful B.disapprovingC.disappointing D.

33、objective答案D解析观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Humans are the most significant source of death for pumas in this population even though the cats are not legally hunted for food or sport， Smith says.Many are hunted illegally，struck by vehicles or legally killed by governmental agencies as a means of protecting livestoc

34、k.So they have good reason to be fearful of us”可知，史密斯对政府追捕美洲狮持客观的态度。故选D。C话题：日本大桥难度：Akashi Kaikyo Bridge is the longest suspension bridge(悬索桥) in the world.Its two towers are 928 feet high，which are higher than any other bridge towers in the world.It is a miracle of Japanese construction and engineer

35、ing，which links the city of Kobe on the Japanese mainland of Honshu to Iwaya on Awaji Island and crosses the busy Akashi Strait as part of the Honshu-Shikoku Highway.The original plan called for a mixed railway-road bridge，but eventually the construction was restricted to road only，with six lanes.Th

36、e Akashi Strait is part of the Inland Sea，and it is a significant and busy international waterway that reaches the important port of Osaka.One of the facts about Akashi Kaikyo Bridge is that it provides a critical and cost-saving transportation link to three main islands of Japan.It even makes getti

37、ng to the city of Iwakuni and the famous Kintai Bridge easier.Kintai Bridge is also one of the most famous bridges in Japan.Built in the seventeenth century，Kintai Bridge is an elegant historic structure around which several thousand trees burst into beautiful cherry blossoms each spring. The histor

38、ical facts about Akashi Kaikyo Bridge begin as long ago as 1955.In that year，a ferry crossing the Akashi Strait sunk when it collided with another ferry.A total of 168 people，mostly children，on the first ferry drowned in the disaster.The shock and public anger convinced the Japanese government that

39、they had to build a bridge there.However，it took more than three decades before the construction of the bridge began.It was an extremely difficult task at that time.The Akashi Strait is a busy international waterway，so engineers had to design a bridge that would not block shipping traffic.Whats more

40、，Japan experiences the most natural disasters on the planet.Fierce winds often sweep through the Strait.Rain pours down at a rate of 57 inches per year.Hurricanes，tsunamis，and earthquakes strike the island almost annually.These were the factors which had to be carefully considered by engineers and a

41、rchitects when they were designing the giant bridge.The construction of Akashi Kaikyo Bridge eventually began in 1988，when Japan was in an economic boom.Engineers supported the bridge with a complex network of triangular braces(支架) beneath the roadway.The open network of triangles makes the bridge v

42、ery rigid，but it also allows the wind to blow right through the structure.In addition，engineers placed 20 tuned mass dampers(TMDs) in each tower，which swing in the opposite direction of the wind.So when the wind blows the bridge in one direction，the TMDs sway in the opposite direction，effectively “b

43、alancing” the bridge.With this design，Akashi Kaikyo Bridge can handle 180-mile-per-hour winds，and it can withstand an earthquake with a magnitude(震级) of up to 8.5 on the Richter scale!When it seemed that the construction was progressing successfully to its completion，a devastating earthquake struck

44、in 1995.Architect Peter Klic said，“Because of the extreme conditions in the region，this bridge was designed to absorb shocks caused by typhoons and earthquakes.This terrible earthquake destroyed many buildings in Kobe，but the nearly completed bridge.”The bridge was opened for traffic on April 5,1998

45、 in a ceremony held by the Crown Prince Naruhito and his wife Crown Princess Masako along with Construction Minister Tantomu Kawarn.The ceremony was attended by more than 1,000 prominent guests.Thanks to 1,737 lights installed on all parts of its structure，Akashi Kaikyo Bridge was lit up in practica

46、lly any color.26.What do we know about Akashi Kaikyo Bridge?A.It is a mixed railway-road bridge.B.It is not only long but also extremely tall.C.It is more famous than Kintai Bridge in Japan.D.It took about three decades to build the bridge.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知，明石海峡大桥不仅是世界上最长的悬索桥，其桥塔也比世界上其他桥的桥塔要高。故

47、选B。27.What ultimately led to the idea of building Akashi Kaikyo Bridge?A.An earthquake that struck Kobe.B.An accident that occurred in the Akashi Strait.C.The development of engineering technologies.D.The boom of the Japanese economy.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段可知，1955年两艘渡轮在穿越明石海峡时发生碰撞，该事故致使168名乘客死亡，其中大部分都是孩子。正

48、是由于该事故，日本政府决定在明石湾建造一座桥梁，以避免类似悲剧的重演。故选B。28.What prevented the construction of Akashi Kaikyo Bridge for so long?A.Natural problems.B.Technological problems.C.Economic problems.D.All above.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段的内容及第五段第一句可知，既不能阻断航运，又要考虑自然灾害的影响，再加上技术问题和经济问题，这些都导致了当年建桥工作长期无法开展。故选D。29.When designing Akashi Kaik

49、yo Bridge，engineers had to .A.consider the weather conditionsB.block the waterway temporarilyC.turn to several countries for helpD.do everything possible to cut the cost答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，明石海峡是重要的航运港口，它所处的自然环境极其恶劣几乎每年都要经受飓风、海啸、地震的侵袭，所以气象状况是设计大桥时需要慎重考虑的因素。故选A。30.Why did engineers place TMDs in the

50、 towers of the bridge?A.To test their latest technologies.B.To change the direction of winds.C.To reduce the effect of winds on the bridge.D.To prevent winds blowing through the bridge.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第二、三句可知，当风吹向大桥时，TMDs 会向风的相反方向摆动以保持平衡，从而减小风对大桥的影响。故选C。31.What does the last but one paragraph main

51、ly tell us?A.The unfinished bridge withstood a big earthquake.B.Many buildings there were destroyed by an earthquake.C.Japan experienced the worst weather on the planet.D.The construction of the bridge was interrupted by an earthquake.答案A解析段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的内容可知，就在大桥快要完工的时候，一场毁灭性的地震发生了。地震摧毁了附近很多的建筑物，但这座还没有完工的大桥却安然无恙。本段主要想说明当时尚未完工的大桥经受住了大地震的考验。故选A。