2021-2022学年下学期八年级英语第一次月考-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）.doc

1、班级 姓名 学号 分数 2021-2022学年下学期八年级英语第一次月考（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）第一部分 选择题一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)1Whats _ matter with you？I have _sore backAa； theBthe；/C/； aDthe； a2 The poor _ woman lived _ in a _ house.Alonely; alone; lonelyBlonely; lonely; aloneCalone; lonely; lonelyDalone; alone; lonely3The air is very

2、fresh in our city. There is less _ than before.Yes. The government has taken action to protect the environment.AwoodBpollutionCnoiseDwater4He used _ in a town, so he _ everything in the new town very soon.Ato live, got used toBlive, used toCto living, got used toDto live, used to5 have you been marr

3、ied ?For twenty years .AHow farBHow oftenCHow longDHow soon6In the past, the old man felt_lonely from time to time.AbitBa little ofCa bit ofDa bit7Could you tell me _ about the film, Jane?Sorry, I dont know _ about it.Anothing; muchBnothing; manyCsomething; muchDsomething; many8What were you doing _

4、 it was raining?I was writing a letter to my pen pal in my bedroom.AbeforeBwhileCifDafter9- Where have you _ these days?- I have _ to Nanjing with my friends.Abeen; goneBbeen; beenCgone; beenDgone; gone10We have worked for three hours. Now, lets stop a rest.AhadBhaveCto haveDhaving11Ben always thoug

5、ht he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.AthemselvesBoneselfCitselfDhimself12Mom, can I do much work in a short time?Dear, I think you can.Aso; soBsuch; soCso; suchDsuch; such13The trip to Hong Kong was and we felt .Apleased; pleasedBpleased; pleasantCpleasant; pleasedDpleasant; plea

6、sant14Its better to _ your notes before you do your homework. This can help you understand what you have learned better.Alook afterBlook forClook throughDlook on15You look tired these days. Dont stay up late. _A Ill take your advice.BThats all right.CIts a good idea. DNot at all.二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1

7、分，共10分)Modern life is impossible without travelling. The fastest _16_ of travelling is by air. With a modern airliner(客机) you can travel to several places in one day. It _17_ a month or longer to get there a hundred years ago.Travelling by train is slower than by air, but it has _18_ advantages(优点).

8、 You can see the country while you are travelling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining cars. They make even the longest journey _19_.Some people like to travel by water when it is possible. There are large ships and river boats. You can _20_ many other countries and different pla

9、ces. Travelling by water is a very pleasant way to spend a _21_.Many people like travelling by car. You can make your own plan. You can travel one hundred or more miles a day, just _22_ you like. You can stop somewhere _23_. You can stop at a good restaurant where you can _24_ a good meal, or at a h

10、otel to spend the night. Thats why travelling by car is _25_ for pleasant trips.Taking a train or a plane is OK when people are travelling on business.16AroadBwayCideaDtour17AdependedBenteredCtookDpaid18AhisBitsCtheirDits19AboringBterribleCenjoyableDbad20Alook upBgive upCtake inDarrive in21AholidayB

11、dayCweekDminute22AasBforCbecauseDdo23AstupidBinterestingCuglyDhonest24AmakeBofferCenjoyDsell25ApoliteBdeliciousCbeautifulDpopular三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)ABike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service com

12、pany provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and people can easily find them. Those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily. In some cities, we can see more and more peo

13、ple riding this kind of sharing-bikes. Its very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. Before riding these bikes, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone. Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your pho

14、ne with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. Whats more, the greatest advantage of bike-sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that y

15、ou spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesnt cost so much, does it? At the same time, some people park the bikes in their own homes. Besides, some people dont value the bikes. Hundreds of bikes are found destroyed every month. Now service companies are trying to solve

16、 the problem like being stolen. Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike-sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.26_ makes it possible for people to know where there is a sh

17、aring-bike nearby.AThe APPs BThe smart phonesCThe GPS and BluetoothDThe service company27The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_” in Chinese.A浏览B扫描C审视D细查28If you want to use a sharing-bike, you must _ first.Ahave a smart phone and download an APPBdownload an APP and pay for the t

18、ripCunlock the bike and download an APP Dfind a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone29Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ABike-sharing makes it easy for some people to go out.BSharing-bikes may be stolen.CWe can return the sharing-bike in a different place.DWe pay 1 yuan e

19、ach time when we use the sharing-bike.30The passage probably comes from a _.Ascience textbookBwebsite news reportCtourist guideDdictionaryBMany people do not like to stay at home on holidays. They want to go out to see something different or do something interesting. So people from the country come

20、to the city and people from the city go to the country for holidays. During the holidays, trains, buses, planes are all very busy. It is very hard to buy train tickets or air tickets. Many people take cars or buses for travelling.Last May Day my family went to the country by car for our holiday. The

21、re was too much traffic on the road, so we had to move very slowly. It took us about an hour to get out of the town. After some time, we came to a hill. It was green and beautiful. We thought this was a good place for a picnic, so we stopped and took the food and drinks out of the car. We sat down a

22、nd began to eat. Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain. We had to run back to our car and have our picnic in the car. Then we drove back home. What a pity!31Which of the following sentences is right?AMany people like staying at home on holidays.BPeople living in the city often go t

23、o another city for travelling.CMany people take cars or buses for travelling.32How did they go to the country last May Day?ABy car.BBy train.CBy bus.33How long did it take to get out of the town?AHalf an hour.BAbout an hour.COne and a half hours.34Why did they go to the country?ATo take some picture

24、s.BTo cook dinner.CTo have a picnic.35They felt _about the holiday.AhappyBexcitedCunhappy四、补全对话7选5(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)从AG选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。有二项是多余的。A： _36_B:Yes, please . Could you tell me the way to the First Peoples Hospital ?A: Let me see , Oh, its far from here.B: _37_A: Its about five miles _

25、38_B: Which bus should I take?A: The No. I bus will take you there.B: _39_A: Its about 30 minutes.B: Thanks for your help.A: _40_AHow far is it?BWhats wrong with you?CCan I help you?DHow long does it take to get there?EYoure welcome.FHow often does it take to get there?GYou can take a bus to get the

26、re.第二部分 课本知识应用五用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)41Air _(污染)becomes a big problem in Beijing.42The old man doesnt feel_(孤单的)at all. His son often sees him from the city.43Our government has done many things to i_the farmers lives.44He and my aunt Mary will get_(结婚)soon.45The steel factory used to put

27、 its_（废料）into the river.46It is raining heavily outside, but we can have the basketball match in the i_ gym.47The trains running between Nanjing and Shanghai are fast. Its top s_ can be as high as 350km per hour.48Thanks for sharing your _ (馅饼) with me. Its my first time to eat this kind of food.49O

28、ur Chinese teacher is good at doing _ (魔法).50Well visit the old _ (城堡) this afternoon.六、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)51I dont have a head for _ (busy).52Its wonderful to visit _ (nature) sights in Jiuzhaigou.53My _ (fly) number is NW 129 and it arrives at 14: 30.54You will feel its _ (beauti

29、ful) when you walk around West Lake.55_ (sail) is becoming more and more popular among young people.56He has done much better in the job_（recent）.57It is hard to find a place with no air_(pollute)in the world.58This kind of birds flies to_(south)places when cold weather comes.59A report says that_(m

30、arry) men are more likely to save money than single men.60To have a cleaner sky, the government plans to move all the_(factory)out of the city.七、阅读回答问题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答所提的问题。Is it very interesting to travel by plane? For people who fly often in economy class(经济舱), the answer may

31、 be no. They may feel very tired because of the limited room. But according to Ron Soret, an airplane scientist, there are some ways to enjoy the journey better. Sit near the front of the plane. When choosing seats, choosing a seat near the front of the plane will have a smoother ride. Soret says, “

32、The front part of the plane is usually the most comfortable. You hardly feel the turbulence(骚乱) if it is not very serious.” Soret also says the front part of the plane is the quietest. Taking an aisle seat(靠走道座位) is also a good choice. Soret says the aisle seats have bigger leg room. But sitting on

33、the aisle comes with the duty of getting up when fellow passengers in the row have to use the bathroom. Paying attention to the temperature is important, too. Temperatures in the planes are usually similar to those of your home. And if you are too cold, you can ask for blankets.61Why may people feel

34、 tired when they fly in economy class?_62Where is the quietest?_63Is taking an aisle seat a good choice?_64What can you ask for if you feel cold on a plane?_65How many pieces of advice does Soret give in the passage?_八、材料作文(本大题共15分)66进入初中已经一年多了，在这段时间里你有哪些变化？请根据自己的实际情况，从外貌和性格的变化、生活习惯及学校生活等方面介绍一下你的情况和

35、你对初中生活的感受。要求：1. 所写内容应包括所提供的信息，可适当发挥;2.不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息;3.100词左右。_参考答案：1D【解析】句意：-你怎么了？-我后背痛。考查冠词。不定冠词（a、an）表示泛指、类指，仅用在单数可数名词前来表示一的意义，但不强调数目概念，只表示名词为不特定者，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前，an用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。定冠词the，表示特指、专指，表示名词的特定者，表示这那这些那些，用在可数名词单数、复数，不可数名词前均可。复数可数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词（使用零冠词），表示泛指人或事物。第一句表示特指，填the，whats the

36、 matter：怎么了；第二句表示泛指，填a，have a sore back：后背痛。whats the matter和have a sore back也可以看成动词短语。故选D。【点睛】英语中的冠词有三种：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。（一）不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是一个的意思，用在可数名词单数前，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前， an则用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，意思是“一个/只”，也用于一些固定词组中。例如，He is a teacher.( 某类事物中的一个) an hour（一个）have a rest（固定词组）。（二）定

37、冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。（2）指双方都知道的人或事物,例如：Open the door, please. （3）指上文提到的人或事物。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）乐器前用定冠词the，例如，play the guitar：弹吉他。（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用

38、复数形式。例如：The old are sick.（8）用于一些固定短语中，如the Great Wall：长城；the United States of America：美国。（三）零冠词的用法 ，就是不用冠词的情况。1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England, Mary。2) 不可数名词和复数名词表示泛指时，表示一类人或事物时，可不用冠词；They are teachers. 他们是教师。Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。3) 在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；We go to school from

39、 Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。4) 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；如：have breakfast, play chess。5) 当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus, by train；6) 固定短语，如：go to hospital去医院看病；at home, in class, go to bed等。2A【解析】句意：那位可怜的孤独的妇女独自住在一个偏僻的房子里。考查形容词副词词义辨析。lonely是形容词，意思是“孤独的”，另外，做定语时还有偏僻的意思；alone是副词，意思是“独自地，单独地“。结合句

40、意理解，故选A。3B【解析】句意：我们城市的空气很新鲜。污染比以前少了。是的。政府已采取行动保护环境。考查名词辨析。wood树木；pollution污染；noise噪音；water水；根据“The government has taken action to protect the environment.”可知，这里说的是污染变少了，故选B。4A【解析】句意：他以前住在城镇里，所以他很快就习惯了新城镇里的一切。考查非谓语动词和动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；got used to sth.习惯于某事。根据“used”可知第一空用动词不定式作宾语；再由“everythi

41、ng in the new town”可知第二空表示习惯于新城镇里的一切，用got used to。故选A。5C【解析】句意：你们结婚多长时间了？二十年。考查疑问词。How far多远，对距离提问； How often多久一次，对频率提问； How long多长时间，对时间段提问； How soon多久，对将要用多长时间提问；根据For twenty years可知此处对时间段提问，故用疑问词how long. 故选C。6D【解析】句意：在过去，这个老人时不时感到有点儿孤独。考查副词短语。bit很小的；a little of一点的；a bit of一点；a bit一点儿。a little of

42、和a bit of后接名词，故排除B、C两项；a bit修饰形容词，故选D。7C【解析】【分析】句意：简，你能给我讲讲这部电影吗？对不起，我不太了解。考查不定代词及副词辨析。nothing“没有什么”，用在肯定句中表示否定意思；something“某事、某物”，一般用于肯定句，但在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中也常用；much“许多”，修饰不可数名词，在否定句或疑问句中可以修饰动词，意为“非常”；many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数。第一个空，根据答语“Sorry”，可知上句是征求对方的意见，希望得到肯定回答，因此用something；第二个空，本句为否定句，设空处修饰前面的动词know，因

43、此用much；故选C。8B【解析】句意：下雨的时候你在干什么?我在卧室给我的笔友写信。考查连词，before在之前；while当时候；if 如果；after在之后。根据回答“I was writing a letter to my pen pal in my bedroom.”，可知应该是问“下雨的时候你在干什么？”故选B。9B【解析】句意：这几天你到哪里去了？我和我的朋友去过南京。have/has been to表示去过某地，现在已经回来；have/has gone to表示去了某地，还没有回来。结合语境，能够面对面交流，肯定是去过某地，现在已经回来，故答案为B。10C【解析】句意：我们已经

44、工作了三个小时。现在让我们停下来休息一下吧。stop to do sth停下原来的事，去做另一件事；stop doing sth停止做原来的事；根据We have worked for three hours.可知我们的工作做了三个小时了，因此要停下这个工作，去休息，故用stop to have a rest，故选C。11A【解析】句意：本总是认为他比他们自己更了解每个人的业务。A. themselves反身代词，他们自己；B. oneself某人自己；C. itself反身代词，它自己；D. himself反身代词，他自己。本题与they相对应，因而使用反身代词themselves。故选A。

45、12C【解析】试题分析：句意：-妈妈，我能在如此短的时间内做这么多工作吗？-亲爱的，我想你可以。 such与so的意思都是“如此，这样”。但两者用法根本不同，与what和how引导的感叹句相类似。 such后面主要是修饰名词。即：sucha/anadj.n.或a/ansuchadj.n.。如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词，则不可以用不定冠词a或an。so后面只能跟形容词或副词。即：soadj./adv.不过，so后面也可以跟名词，但该名词必须是单数可数名词。用法为：so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词。它们后面还可以与that从句连用。即：suchthat和sothat意思是“如此以至”。当名词

46、前的形容词为表示数目的词时，such必须换成so。so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。只有so能与much连用。一般来说，so many 和so much可以成为固定的词组。所以选C。【考点定位】考查副词。13C【解析】句意：去香港的旅行是愉快的，我们感到高兴。pleasant令人愉快的,修饰物；pleased感到高兴的，修饰人，故答案为C。14C【解析】句意：做作业之前最好先把笔记看一遍。 这可以帮助你更好地理解你所学到的东西。考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look for寻找；look through浏览，温习；look on旁观。根据句意“This can help you

47、understand what you have learned better.”可知，这里应表示“温习笔记”。故选C。15A【解析】句意：这些天你看起来很累。不要熬夜。我会接受你的建议。考查情景交际。Ill take your advice我会接受你的建议；Thats all right不用谢；Its a good idea这是一个 好主意；Not at all不用谢。上句“You look tired these days. Dont stay up late.”是提出好的建议，所以此处应表示接受对方的建议，“Ill take your advice.”表示“我会接受你的建议”，符合语境。

48、故选A。16B17C18B19C20D21A22A23B24C25D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了现代生活离不开旅游。众多的旅游方式各有各的优点。人们可以根据自己不同的旅游目的选择不同的交通方式，收获不同的旅游乐趣。16句意：最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。road道路；way方式；idea想法；tour旅行。根据“of travelling is by air”可知，乘飞机是最快的旅行方式。故选B。17句意：一百年前去那里需要花了一个月或更多的时间。depended依靠；entered进入；took花费，物作主语；paid支付，人作主语。根据“Ita month or longer to get the

49、re a hundred years ago”可知，这里用句型It takes/took+sb+时间+to do sth.表示“做某事花了（某人）多少时间”，通常it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式，故选C。18句意：乘火车旅行比乘飞机慢得多，但它有其优点。his他的；its它的；their他们的；its它是。根据“it has.advantages”可知，此处指乘火车旅行有它的优点，且此空修饰名词advantages，故此空应填its。故选B。19句意：它们使最长途的旅行也变得愉快。boring无聊的；terrible糟糕的；enjoyable令人愉悦的；bad差的。根据“Modern t

50、rains have comfortable seats and dining cars”可知，旅途令人感到愉快，故选C。20句意：你可以到达许多其他国家和不同的地方。look up查阅；give up放弃；take in吸收；arrive in到达。根据“many other countries and different places”可知，此处指到达不同的地方，故选D。21句意：乘船旅行是一种非常愉快的度假方式。holiday假期；day天；week星期；minute分钟。根据“Travelling by water is a very pleasant way to spend a”可

51、知，此处指是一种不错的度假方式，故选A。22句意：你一天可以走一百多英里，只要你喜欢。as正如；for为了；because因为；do做。根据“justyou like”可知，正如你喜欢，一天可以走很远的路，故选A。23句意：你可以在有趣的地方停下来。stupid愚蠢的；interesting有趣的；ugly丑陋的；honest诚实的。根据“You can stop somewhere ”可知，在有趣的地方停下来，故选B。24句意：你可以在一家好餐馆停下来，在那里你可以享受一顿美餐，也可以在酒店过夜。make制作；offer提供；enjoy享用；sell售卖。根据“a good meal”可知，

52、是享用美食，故选C。25句意：这就是为什么开车旅行是一种愉快的旅行。polite礼貌的；delicious美味的；beautiful美丽的；popular受欢迎的。根据“You can travel one hundred or more miles a day”以及“You can stop somewhere”可知，此处解释自驾游备受欢迎的原因，故选D。26C27B28A29D30B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了共享单车的优势以及目前共享单车存在的问题。26细节理解题。根据第一段“The bike that the service company provides has G

53、PS or Bluetooth on it, and people can easily find them.”可知，通过共享单车上的GPS和蓝牙，人们可以轻易找到附近的共享单车。故选C。27词义猜测题。结合日常生活经验和“the QR code on the bike”可知，共享单车上的二维码是让人扫描以解锁或锁上共享单车的，所以此处“scan”应是“扫描”的意思。故选B。28细节理解题。根据第二段“Before riding these bikes, you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.”可知，如果要使用共享单车，最先做

54、的事情应是拥有一台智能手机，然后在手机上下载共享单车的软件。故选A。29细节理解题。根据第二段“Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan.”可知，共享单车的收费标准是每骑一个小时收费一块钱，而不是每骑一次收费一块钱，选项D的表述是错误的。故选D。30推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了共享单车的优势以及目前共享单车存在的问题，此内容最可能在网站的新闻报道中出现。故选B。31C32A33B34C35C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者一家去年五一去乡下度假的经历。31细节理解题。根据“Many people ta

55、ke cars or buses for travelling.”可知，许多人乘汽车或公共汽车旅行。故选C。32细节理解题。根据“Last May Day my family went to the country by car for our holiday.”可知，去年五一，他们乘汽车去乡下。故选A。33细节理解题。根据“It took us about an hour to get out of the town.”可知，他们花了大约一个小时才出镇。故选B。34细节理解题。根据“We thought this was a good place for a picnic”可知，他们去乡下是

56、为了野餐。故选C。35推理判断题。根据“What a pity!”可知，作者对这次野餐的经历感到遗憾；故他们对假期感到不高兴。故选C。36C37A38G39D40E【解析】【分析】B问A怎么去第一人民医院，A说它离这里大约5英里。A建议B乘1路公共汽车去，大约要花30分钟。B表示感谢。36细节理解题。根据答语Yes, please . Could you tell me the way to the First Peoples Hospital? 是的，请。请问去第一人民医院怎么走？可知，上文是问“我可以帮你吗？”结合所给的选项可知，选择Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？符合语境。

57、故选C。37细节理解题。根据答语Its about five miles. 大约五英里。可知，这里要填的是离这里有多远。结合所给的选项可知，选择How far is it? 它有多远？符合语境。故选A。38细节理解题。根据答语Which bus should I take? 我该坐哪趟巴士？可知，这里问的是乘坐的交通工具。结合所给的选项可知，选择You can take a bus to get there. 你可以乘公共汽车去那里。符合语境。故选G。39细节理解题。根据答语Its about 30 minutes. 大约30分钟。可知，这里问的是去那里使用的时间。结合所给的选项可知，选择Ho

58、w long does it take to get there? 到那里要多长时间？符合语境。故选D。40细节理解题。根据上文的句子Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。可知，这是对上文的回答，结合所给的选项可知，选择Youre welcome. 不客气。符合语境。故选E。【点睛】补全对话做题技巧。(1)通览全文、领会大意、揣摩话题。解题时应先跳过空格通览全文，了解对话大意，根据对大意的把握，判定语境，揣摩话题。(2)根据语境、细读选项、选择答案。在把握话题和语境的基础上，针对对话的每一空白处，细读所提供的选项，认真分析它们之间的异同，依据对话有关情景内容，选择正确的答案

59、。(3)通盘考虑、前后联想、先易后难。要从对话整体理解出发，依照上、下问答的逻辑顺序来考虑所选择的答案，不可不顾前后顺序，孤立地就上句就补下句，这样可能出现所补句子符合上文而不符合下文的情况。要先解决有把握的、容易的，再回头补选较难的。(4)通读对话、义形结合、验证答案。将对话补全之后，再将整段对话通读一遍，逐一验证答案。所选的答案不仅语义上要符合语境，而且要保证语言正确，做到说话得体。41pollution42lonely43improve44married45waste【解析】41句意“在北京，空气污染变成了一个大问题”。pollution污染，且为不可数名词，故填pollution。42

60、句意“这个老人一点也不感到孤单，他的儿子经常从城里回来看他”。根据空前feel可知，空处用形容词。lonely孤单的，故填lonely。43句意“我们的政府已经做了许多事情来提高农民的生活”。根据句意可知，译为“提高”。improve提高，且空前有to，用to do表示目的，故填improve。44句意“他和我的婶婶不久将会结婚”。get married结婚，故填married。45句意“这个钢铁工厂过去常常将废料排放到河流里”。waste废料，故填waste。46indoor47speed48pie49magic50castle【解析】46句意：外面雨下得很大，但我们可以在室内体育馆打篮球赛

61、。结合句意可知，外面下大雨，只能在室内比赛，根据首字母提示可知，答案为indoor (在) 室内的，在室内用的。47句意：从南京到上海的火车很快。最高时速可达350公里。350km per hour是火车的最高时速，故答案为speed。48句意：谢谢你把你的馅饼分享给我吃。这是我第一次吃这种食物。根据汉语提示可知，答案为pie（在这里用作不可数名词）。pie也可以用作可数名词，有复数形式。49句意：我们的语文老师擅长表演魔术。do magic变魔术。根据汉语提示可知，答案为magic。50句意：今天下午我们将参观古城堡。根据汉语提示可知，答案为castle。51business52natura

62、l53flight54beauty55Sailing【解析】51句意：我没有商业头脑。busy形容词，“忙碌的”；由题干可知这里应填一个名词形式，与busy所对应的名词形式是business，故答案填business。52句意：在九寨沟参观自然风光真是太好了。nature名词，自然；由句意可知这里应填一个形容词来修饰后面的名词sights，与nature所对应的形容词是natural，故答案填natural。53句意：我的航班号是NW 129，它在14点30分到达。fly动词，飞行；由题干可知这里在句中作主语，所以应填一个名词形式，与fly所对应的名词是flight，故答案填flight。54

63、句意：当你在西湖漫步时，你会感受到它的美丽。beautiful形容词，“美丽的”；根据前面的its是形容词性的物主代词，可知这里应用名词，与beautiful所对应的名词是beauty，故答案填beauty。55句意：帆船运动在年轻人中越来越受欢迎。sail动词，“航行、启航”；由题干可知设空处在句中作主语，所以应用sail的动名词形式sailing，因其位于句首，故第一个字母要大写，故答案填Sailing。点睛：本题首先要粗读每个句子，看每个句子是什么意思。然后看所要填写的内容在句子中做什么成分，需要什么词性；按照所给出的单词提示，结合相关的语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。如，第2小题

64、，由句意可知这里应填一个形容词来修饰后面的名词sights，与nature所对应的形容词是natural，故答案填natural。第4小题，根据前面的its是形容词性的物主代词，可知这里应用名词，与beautiful所对应的名词是beauty，故答案填beauty。56recently57pollution58southern59married60factories【解析】56句意：最近他的工作做得好多了。副词修饰动词、形容词副词、介词短语或整个句子；本词修饰整个句子，可知填副词。recent：最近的，近来的，最新的；副词是recently。结合句意和所给词可知答案是recently。57句意

65、：世界上很难找到一个没有空气污染的地方。形容词修饰名词，根据no（没有的，形容词）可知填名词。pollute：污染，动词；名词是pollution，air pollution：空气污染。结合句意和所给词可知答案是pollution。58句意：这种鸟在寒冷的天气来临时会飞到南方。本词修饰名词places，可知填形容词。south：南方，南部，名词；形容词是southern：南方的；结合句意和所给词可知答案是southern。59句意：一份报告说，已婚男人比单身男人更容易省钱。本词修饰名词men，可知填形容词。marry：结婚，娶，嫁，动词；形容词是married：已婚的，婚姻的，结婚的。结合句意

66、和所给词可知答案是married。60句意：为了拥有一个干净的天空，政府计划把所有的工厂都搬出城市。all：所有的，都（三者及以上），修饰可数名词使用复数形式；factory：工厂，复数是factories。结合句意和所给词可知答案是factories。61Because of the limited room./Because the room is limited.62The front part of the plane.63Yes, it is.64Blankets./A blanket.65Three./3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。飞机科学家Ron Soret给人们介绍了如

67、何更舒适地乘坐飞机。61通过第一段中“They may feel very tired because of the limited room. ”可知，人们觉得坐飞机疲倦是因为空间有限，故填Because of the limited room./Because the room is limited.62通过第二段末尾“Soret also says the front part of the plane is the quietest.”可知，飞机的前面部分是最安静的。故填The front part of the plane.63通过第三段中“Taking an aisle seat(

68、靠走道座位) is also a good choice. ”可知，坐在靠走道的座位也是个不错的选择。故填Yes, it is.64通过第四段中“And if you are too cold, you can ask for blankets.”可知，觉得太冷了可以要毯子。故填Blankets./A blanket.65通过浏览全文可知，第二第三第四段分别给出了一个建议，分别是：Sit near the front of the plane；Taking an aisle seat； Ask for blankets。故填Three./3.66例文It has been more than

69、a year since I entered junior high school. And I have changed a lot during these years.I used to be short. Now I am tall. Im more outgoing than I used to be. I used to be afraid of speaking in front of people. But now I can give a speech in public. I was too weak to do much exercise in the past. But

70、 with the help of the teachers and classmates, I do exercise whenever I am free. Besides, I used to stay up late, but now Im used to going to bed early and getting up early. I didnt study hard in the past. But now I get good grades in all subjects. I wasnt good at learning English at first. Soon I made great progress and became interested in English.Thanks to the teachers and classmates, I have learnt so much! I will never forget the valuable middle school life.【解析】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。介绍自己在过去和现在的变化。2.写作指导：本文采用一般过去时和一般现在时。从外貌和性格的变化、生活习惯及学校生活等方面介绍；最后表达自己的感谢。写作时保持主谓一致性，做到无语法和标点错误。