专题06 脱贫攻坚-备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练（中考真题 各地模拟题）.doc

1、备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)专题06 脱贫攻坚Passage 1（2021青海西宁中考真题）Poverty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good job to deal with it and made the proud achievement. During fighting poverty, weve been moved by many heroes.Helping GirlsZhang Guimei Lijiang, YunnanMany girls cou

2、ldnt go to school because they were very poor.Mrs. Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college.Building a RoadMao Xianglin Wushan, ChongqingVillagers lived on the 1, 000meterhigh cliffs（悬崖峭壁）. So it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past.Mr.

3、Mao led villagers to build a road with their hands for 7 years. Now they spend just an hour driving to the nearest town. Local people can sell fruit to other places conveniently.Planting Mushrooms（蘑菇）Chen Zaiming Jingdong Yi, YunnanThis place was famous for its wild mushrooms. But villagers didnt kn

4、ow how to grow them.Mr. Chen taught villagers to plant mushrooms and helped them make over 5 million yuan.Chinese Achievements832 counties（县）and 128 , 000 villages are no longer in poverty.98.99 million villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year.China is responsible for reducing 70

5、 percent of poverty since the late 1970s all over the world. 1Who helped girls go to college？AZhang Guimei.BMao Xianglin.CChen Zaiming.DAll above.2How did people go to the nearest town in Wushan, Chongqing in the past？AOn foot.BBy bus.CBy car.DBy train.3Which place was wellknown for wild mushrooms i

6、n the text？ALijiang.BWushan.CJingdong Yi.DNot mentioned.4How many villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 years in China？A832.B1, 800.C12,8000.D98,990,000.5Which of the following is TRUE？AGirls didnt want to go to school in Lijiang, Yunnan.BIt takes people three hours to drive to the

7、 nearest town in Wushan now.CPeople used to be good at growing wild mushrooms in Jingdong Yi.DChina has got the greatest achievement on lifting out of poverty.Passage 2（2021广东深圳中考真题） Shashiyu was once a poor village in Hebei Province, but now it has changed into a rich and livable place. In the 1940

8、s, villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong wish for a better life. Zhang Guishun, the Party secretary of Shashiyu, encouraged his villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty. “In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his st

9、rong will and hard work, why cant we? Nobody was born to be poor?” Hearing his words, the villagers decided to make a difference. Led by the Communist Party of China（中国共产党）, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From 1966 to. 1971, they recl

10、aimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life. However, the village encountered a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily polluted by chemical plants and mine refineries built in 1990s. The polluting factories were shut down in 2004, and villagers started grape cultiv

11、ation, which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu. In 2009, the city-level government invested over 1 million yuan($152, 723) to change the villages exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier generations. After 10 years, the village was called “National Forest

12、Village”. Zhang said that the village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick grapes. “The grapes could be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes famous through this festival. Our villagers can then live even better lives,” he said.6Why did Zhang Guishun use the

13、story of Yu Gong to encourage the villagers?ABecause Yu Gong had strong will and hard work.BBecause Yu Gong was born poor too.CBecause the villagers worshiped Yu Gong.DBecause Yu Gong became rich at last.7From 1966 to 1971, what did the villagers do to improve their living situation?AThey planted gr

14、apes to earn money.BThey carried water and soil to their village to improve their lands.CThey moved to another place to live a better life.DThey built a lot of factories.8Which word can be used to describe the villagers?AHard-working.BLazy.CKind-hearted.DStupid.9When was Shashiyu called National For

15、est Village?AIn 2009.BIn 2004.CIn 2015.DIn 2019.10Where can you probably read the passage?AIn a storybook. BIn a newspaper.CIna sports magazine.DIn a science bookPassage 3（2019湖南株洲中考真题） The 2030 Agenda says that ending poverty in all its forms, including extreme poverty (极度贫困), is the greatest task.

16、 Because 1. 4 billion people in developing countries live on less than $1. 25 a day. Another 842 million people, or one in eight people, do not have enough to eat, today. The good news is that there are ways to end poverty. Creating jobs, both in the United States and abroad, is a great way to deal

17、with poverty. When people have jobs, they have money, and when people have money, they can more easily get themselves out of poverty. The U. N. says that For the poor, labor is often the only thing they can use to improve their well-being.”The education of girls and women impacts (影响) the rest of th

18、e societies. A womans degree of education is linked to the age at which she marries and has children, to her health and diseases. Educating girls and women can end poverty in developing nations, as well as in the United States. The United States hasnt raised the lowest pay since 2007. Because of thi

19、s, right now, UA full-time worker with two children getting the lowest pay will still raise his or her family in poverty.” And this is a problem in almost every other country, especially in developing nations. Raising the lowest pay could possibly increase the health and well-being of millions. The

20、president of the World Bank, Jim Yong Kim, says that he believes “health care covering in all countries can help achieve a goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030.” He says that health care could end poverty. Because about 100 million people are pushed into extreme poverty every year by having to spe

21、nd money on health problems, and health problems push about another 150 million into very serious hardship. These ways to end poverty show that while there is a difficult road ahead, there is a practical path forward.11How many people do not have enough to eat today?A100 million.B150 million.C842 mi

22、llion.12What is the only thing the poor can use to improve their well-being?ACreating.BLaborCStudying.13The fourth paragraph mainly tells us _.Athe importance of educating girls and womenBthe ways of educating girls and womenCthe time of educating girls and women14Who is Jim Yong Kim?AThe President

23、of the U. N.BThe president of the World Bank.CThe President of the United States.15How many ways to end poverty are mentioned?A4.B6.C7.Passage 4（2020山东济宁学院附属中学三模）The year 2019 marked the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). Over the past 70 years, under the leader

24、ship of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has experienced historic changes and made great achievements.The nation has experienced great economic (经济的) growth in the past seven decades.In 1978, Chinas GDP was the 11th highest in the world. In 2010, China overtook Japan to become the second-la

25、rgest economy in the world after the US. The country is still in that position now.With Chinas entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, the country has become a major power for world economic growth. Since 2002, it has helped the world economy grow by nearly 30% on average (平均). Today

26、China is the worlds largest exporter (出口国) and the second-largest importer (进口国), according to China Daily.In fighting poverty (贫穷) in recent decades, China has made historic achievements and become a major contributor to the improvement of peoples lives around the world. To reduce (减少) poverty, the

27、 Chinese government has done a lot of work. It built roads, created jobs, and gave people better education and medical services. The country has promised to eradicate (根除) extreme (极端) poverty by 2020, and to date, more than 800 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, China Daily noted.As f

28、or education, many Chinese are going abroad to study and do research. Over 600,000 Chinese went abroad to study in 2018, according to China Daily. China has also set up 536 Confucius Institutes (孔子学院) in more than 150 countries. Many foreign students are learning Chinese language and culture there.1

29、6What do we know about Chinas economy?AChinas economy is the second-largest in the world.BChinas economy overtook Japans for one year.CChinas GDP reached its highest level in 1978.DChina is the worlds largest importer and exporter.17What has China done to reduce poverty?a. Built roads.b. Created mor

30、e jobs.c. Given people money.d. Improved medical services.e. Provided free college education.AabeBabdCacdDbce18What is the last paragraph about?AHow many Chinese students are studying abroad.BWhy China has set up Confucius Institutes.CChinas development in education.DChinas support for foreign stude

31、nts.19What is this article mainly about?AHow great Chinas economy is.BHow China has fought poverty.CHow Chinas education has changed.DThe achievements China has made.Passage 5（2021山东北区二模） With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings （水墨画） show the changes in southern Chinese village

32、s. Shang Xinzhou, a painter from the Guangxi Arts University, has been creating traditional ink paintings for many years. His paintings show the life in poor areas.“Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier,” said the 36-year- old painter, who has spent two an

33、d a half years working there.Shangs paintings show the progress in the fight against poverty. His works show changes from difficult local conditions and peoples hard times to better conditions and happy lives.“I like drawing peoples real lives, and paintings can be a bridge for communication between

34、 the local people and me.” said Shang.During his stay, he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the nightlife there richer, he sold paintings to buy streetlights, so people could enjoy square dancing in the evening.Shangs excellent work

35、s were popular in the village. “I love his paintings and they show great changes in our village,” said a farmer.In recent years, more artists have traveled to mountain villages to record the development of Chinas poor areas, telling stories of the countrys fight against poverty. “Ive seen the local

36、poverty alleviation. I want to record the changes of the poor areas and create more works about people,” said Shang.20What made Shangs paintings lovelier?AHis happy life.BHis stay in a city.CHis experience in a village.DHis experience in a university.21What does the underlined word “poverty” mean in

37、 Chinese?A沉默B交流C富有D贫穷22What did Shang do for the people in Duomai Village?he taught them to dance. He bought them streetlights.He helped them sell their products. He taught them to create paintings.ABCD23What can we learn from the last paragraph? AWhy Shang created the paintings.BWhen Shang started

38、to paint.CHow Shangs life was in the village.DWhere Shang will work in the future.24Whats the main idea of the passage?AA painter spent his whole life fighting against poverty in his city.BA painter tried to show the world Chinese traditional ink paintings.CA painter used his paintings to record the

39、 changes in poor areas.DA painter found the easiest way to make himself famous in his country.Passage 5（2021湖北谷城一模）Instead of just giving money to poor people, China has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to shake off poverty（贫困）. Mao Xianglin, 62, a village head of Xiazhuang

40、village, Wushan county in Chongqing. In 1997, 38-year-old Mao started to work as the Party secretary（党支书） of his village. Around the village are 1,000-meter-tall cliffs（悬崖峭壁）, and there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. It took villagers three days to walk to the nearest town.

41、Mao decided to build a road.“We cant stay poor forever. Ill lead us as we try, even though it will be hard.” Mao said. He led more than 100 villagers to build the road with their hands. They hung from ropes and used hammers（锤） and drills（钻） to create the road. Falling rocks led to the deaths of six

42、villagers. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. But their work has improved peoples lives. It now takes just one hour to drive to the nearest town.Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield（产量） was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned

43、 to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income（人均收入） reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.25How does China deal with poverty according to the article?ABy giving people books.BBy giving people clothes.CBy

44、 giving people food.DBy educating and providing tools.26Which of the following can replace “shake off” in Para.1?Aget intoBget out ofCget in the way ofDget used to27What does Mao Xianglin do?AA villagerBA village headCA workerDAn old teacher28It takes villagers _ to the nearest town now.Aseven hours

45、 to ride Bone hour to driveCthree weeks to walk Dthree days to walk29About Xiazhuang village, which is NOT right?AThere was only one pathway in the past.BThe village spent 7 years building a road.CThe villagers grow apples and sell online.D269 villagers have shaken off poverty. 试卷第7页，共8页学科网（北京）股份有限公

46、司学科网（北京）股份有限公司参考答案1A2A3C4D5D【分析】本文讲述了中国在脱贫战斗中涌现出的英雄以及他们所做出的贡献。1细节理解题。根据“Zhang GuimeiMrs.Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college”可知，张贵梅帮助女孩们上学，故选A。2细节理解题。根据“Wushan, ChongqingSo it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past.”可知，过去重庆巫山的人们去最近的镇上，

47、需要步行去，故选A。3细节理解题。根据“Jingdong Yi, YunnanThis place was famous for its wild mushrooms.”可知，云南省的景东彝族自治县因为野生蘑菇而出名，故选C。4细节理解题。根据“98.99 million villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year.”可知，8年来，9899万村民实现了脱贫。故选D。5推理判断题。根据“Poverty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good

48、 job to deal with it and made the proud achievement.”可知，中国在脱贫方面已经取得了伟大的成就，故选D。6A7B8A9D10B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事。6细节理解题。根据文中“In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work, why cant we?”可知，张贵顺用愚公的故事来激励村民是

49、因为愚公意志坚强，工作努力。故选A。7细节理解题。根据文中“Led by the Communist Party of China（中国共产党）, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land.”可知，从1966年到1971年，村民们把水和土壤运到他们的村庄改善土地来改善他们的生活状况。故选B。8推理判断题。根据文中“Led by the Communist Party of China（中国共产党）, the villagers carried w

50、ater and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From 1966 to. 1971, they reclaimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life.” 和“and villagers started grape cultivation, which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.”可推理出，沙石峪的村民是很勤奋的。故选A。9推理判断题。根据文中“In 2009, the city-

51、level government invested over 1 million yuan($152, 723) to change the villages exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier generations. After 10 years, the village was called “National Forest Village”.”可推理出，沙石峪在2019年被称为“国家森林村”。故选D。10推理判断题。短文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村沙市峪在中国共产党

52、脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事,这是一篇新闻报道，故推理出，你可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选B。11C12B13A14B15A【分析】本篇文章难度是适中，主要讲述几个消除贫困的方法。11细节理解题。根据Another 842 million people, or one in eight people, do not have enough to eat, today可知，如今，其他的8亿四千二百万人，或者八分之一的人没有足够的吃的，故选C。12细节理解题。根据For the poor, labor is often the only thing th

53、ey can use to improve their well-being可知，对于穷人来说，劳动往往是他们唯一可以用来改善生活的东西，故选B。13主旨大意题。根据The education of girls and women impacts (影响) the rest of the societies以及第四段可知，讲述女孩和女人的教育影响着社会，所以是女孩和妇女接受教育的重要性，故选A。14细节理解题。根据The president of the World Bank, Jim Yong Kim可知，他是世界银行行长，故选B。15细节理解题。根据Creating jobs、The ed

54、ucation of girls and women impacts (影响) the rest of the societies、The United States hasnt raised the lowest pay since 2007、The president of the World Bank, Jim Yong Kim, says that he believes “health care covering in all countries can help achieve a goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030可知，总共提出了四个方法

55、：创造就业机会、女孩和妇女接受教育、健康医疗和提高最低工资。故选A。16A17B18C19D【分析】2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年。本文介绍了中国的发展，以及为了对抗贫穷做出的努力。 16细节理解题。根据“In 2010, China overtook Japan to become the second-largest economy in the world after the US. ”可知2010年，中国超过日本，成为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体。故选A。 17细节理解题。根据“ It built roads, created jobs, and gave people bet

56、ter education and medical services. ”可知为了减少贫穷，中国修路、增加工作机会、给人们更好的教育和医疗。因此abd符合。故选B。18主旨大意题。根据“As for education, many Chinese are going abroad to study and do research. ”可知此段介绍了中国在教育方面的发展。故选C。19主旨大意题。第一段总领全文，根据第一段最后一句话“Over the past 70 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC),

57、 China has experienced historic changes and made great achievements.”可知本文主要介绍了中国的改变和成就。故选D。20C21D22B23A24C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述画家尚新周通过画作来记录农村的变化。20细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thanks to my experience in Duomai Village, I can make the paintings much lovelier,”可知，多亏了在农村的经历，他才可以使他的画更加可爱。故选C。21词义猜测题。根据“peoples hard times

58、to better conditions and happy lives.”可知，人民的生活从艰难到更好、更幸福的方向发展，因此他的画展示了与贫困作斗争的进程。故选D。22细节理解题。根据文章“he put his paintings about the local life on the Internet to help villagers sell their products. To make the nightlife there richer, he sold paintings to buy streetlights, ”可知，他通过画作帮助农民卖产品，通过卖画来买路灯。故选B。2

59、3细节理解题。根据“I want to record the changes of the poor areas and create more works about people,”可知，他是为了记录贫困地区的变化以及创造更多关于劳动人民的创作。故选A。24主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“With the development of China, many traditional ink paintings （水墨画） show the changes in southern Chinese villages. ”可知，很多水墨画反映了中国南方农村地区的变化。故选C。25D26B27B28B

60、29C【分析】本文主要讲述了重庆市巫山县下庄村村长毛相林带领村民们摆脱贫困的故事。25细节理解题。根据“Instead of just giving money to poor people, China has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to shake off poverty”可知，中国通过努力教育人民，给他们摆脱贫困所需的工作来摆脱贫困，故选D。26词义猜测题。根据“ China has tried to educate people and give them the tools they nee

61、d to shake off poverty”可知，中国通过教育人民，给他们所需要的工具来帮助他们摆脱贫困，所以shake off表示“摆脱”，与get out of同义，故选B。27细节理解题。根据“Mao Xianglin, 62, a village head of Xiazhuang village”可知，他是村长，故选B。28细节理解题。根据“It now takes just one hour to drive to the nearest town”可知，现在开车只需要1个小时就能到最近的镇里，故选B。29推理判断题。根据“Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online”可知，在网上卖橙子而不是苹果，C表述错误，故选C。答案第7页，共1页