2022年新教材高考英语一轮复习 考点规范练30 Science and Scientists 科学与科学家（含解析）新人教版.docx

1、ScienceandScientists科学与科学家.单句语法填空1.This kind of virus can cause severe damage our health.2.Any (intervene) by her in the debate on immigration would be unhelpful.3.Being exposed to these surroundings will increase the risk of (infect).4.The air is (pure) in the countryside than in the city.5.The num

2、ber of visitors to the museum this month is the decrease as a result of the cold weather.选词填空attend tothanks tosubscribe toonce and for allin generalso thatbe determined to be linked to be infected withcome down with1.Mary work hard to improve her spoken English.2.Tom takes a part-time job after cla

3、ss he can help to support his family.3.All the scientists present at the conference the view that global warming is mainly due to the burning of fossil fuels.4.The nurses are busy the patients in the hospital.5.The incident the carelessness of the operator.6.This is a crucial year for your relations

4、hips and your love life in particular.7.I think Im flu.8.We must take practical action if we want to solve the problem .9. your timely help, we got over the trouble and achieved our goal.10.Those who the disease are treated effectively in the local hospital.金句默写1.后来, 他成了一位名医, 甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。, he rose

5、 to become a famous doctor, and even Queen Victoria .2.斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。Snow suspected that the water pump .3.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。Perhaps Chinas aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.4.大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。Most people images of him in his wheelchair, and .5.他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力, 他的世界变成了一个抽象

6、思维的世界。Since he which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of .阅读理解(2020四川成都高三一诊)Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down. Today, the artist, one of Chinas most respected living masters of seal carving(印章雕刻), calligraphy and Chine

7、se painting, still remembers the incident the first time he held a knife in his hand.“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight,” he said, adding that his mother applied ashes to his thumb because she couldnt afford to take him to a hospital. The cut left a scar, which is still clea

8、r today.The difficulties didnt set him back. Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving.The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works we

9、re harshly criticised by a famous old painter.Most would have crumbled(崩溃) under the criticism, not Han. It made him even more determined. After six months hard work, he visited the painter again.“This time, he asked me to carve a seal for him. This was positive affirmation,” Han said.“Praise and cr

10、iticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life. Praise is candy and criticism is medicine. We can live without candy, but cannot live without medicine when we are ill.”Han rose to fame during the early 1960s, famous for bird and insect seal art. Hans seals are an essential ending par

11、t on the paintings of a long list of well-established artists.“A seal for a good painting is like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装). An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style,” Han said.“A good seal carver should keep his own style, and at the same

12、time go well with the paintings style,” Han said.1.What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six?A.He got injured very seriously.B.He learned how to use a knife.C.It aroused his interest in seal carving.D.It helped him learn how hard life was.2.Which best describes Hans journey of art

13、exploration? A.Smooth and fruitful.B.Inspiring and lucky.C.Boring but worthwhile.D.Tough but rewarding.3.In Hans opinion, what do an experienced tailor and a good seal carver share?A.The huge respect they earn.B.The flexibility they display at work.C.The targeted customers they serve.D.The efforts t

14、hey have to make to succeed.4.In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?A.Education.B.Events.C.Entertainment.D.People.阅读表达What will people die of in the future? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place

15、 in biotechnology. With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Todays leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer and ageing itself, will become distant memories.In the discussion of technological changes, the In

16、ternet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains are known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the lif

17、e of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometimes between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, peop

18、le will be able to take medicine to repair their organs (The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so onin much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones).It is exciting to imagine that the advance in t

19、echnology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.1.What are the present major killers according to the author? (no more than 10 words)2.What does the underlined word “revolution” mean in pa

20、ragraph 1? (no more than 2 words)3.How can humans live longer in the future? (no more than 10 words)4.Why are scientists sure that the life of cells cannot go much beyond 120 years? (no more than 20 words)5.If humans can live longer in the future, do you think it is bad or good for the society? (no

21、more than 20 words).书面表达假定你是李华, 你的朋友Jenny向你询问如何保持健康。请你给她发一封邮件提些建议。内容要点如下:1.注意合理饮食。多吃鱼、肉、豆类等, 特别是新鲜蔬菜和水果, 不要吃太多甜食;2.注意锻炼身体。劳逸结合, 多参加体育运动;3.保证充足的睡眠。不要熬夜, 每天至少睡8个小时。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。Dear Jenny, How nice to hear from you! In your letter, you asked me how to keep hea

22、lthy.Best wishes.Yours, Li Hua答案：.1.to2.intervention3.infection4.purer5.on.1.isdeterminedto2.sothat3.subscribeto4.attendingto5.waslinkedto6.ingeneralingdownwith8.onceandforall9.Thanksto10.areinfectedwith.1.Intime;attendedto;whenshegavebirth2.wastoblame3.nootherscientisthashadagreaterimpacton4.arefam

23、iliarwith;unabletomove;usingacomputertotalk5.camedownwithadisease;abstractthought.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述的是一个热爱印章雕刻艺术的人的传奇经历,介绍了他走上印章雕刻艺术之路的起因以及追求艺术巅峰的崎岖经历。1.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead,itarousedhispassionfortheancientartform.Hewasdeterminedtopursueapaththatwouldleadtoacareerinsealcarving.”可知,这次事件并没有吓到韩,反而

24、激发了他对印章雕刻的热爱,决心要追求这条艺术之路。故选C项。2.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thejourneyofartexplorationwasalittlebumpyfortheyoungmaninhisquestforexcellence,andhissealworkswereharshlycriticisedbyafamousoldpainter.”可知,韩的艺术探索之旅比较崎岖,而且受到了著名老艺术家的批评,但是最终证明这一切都是值得的,所以他的艺术探索之路艰辛但是很值得。故选D项。3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“.Anexperiencedtailoralwayskno

25、wshowtochoosebuttonsthatmatchesthewholestyle,Hansaid.”可知,一个有经验的老裁缝一直都懂得如何选取纽扣且匹配完美,由此可知,灵活性是关键。故选B项。4.D文章出处题。本文描述的是一个热爱印章雕刻艺术的人的传奇经历,是属于人物专栏中的内容,所以应该是出自人物介绍板块。故选D项。.1.Heartdisease,cancerandageing.2.Greatchanges.3.Humanorganscanberepairedbynewmedicine.Or:Byrepairinghumanorganswithnewmedicine.Or:Bytak

26、ingnewmedicinetorepairhumanorgans.4.Becausethebasicmaterialsofcells,suchasthoseofbraincells,wouldnotlastforever.5.Ithinkitisgoodforthesocietybecausewecanhavealongtimetoenjoyourwonderfullife.Or:Ithinkitisbadforthesocietybecauseitcanleadtooverpopulation.DearJenny,Hownicetohearfromyou!Inyourletter,youa

27、skedmehowtokeephealthy.Iwouldliketogiveyousomeadvice.Asyouknow,weteenagersgrowveryfast,soweneedplentyofnutritiousfood,suchasfish,meatandbeans,especiallyfreshvegetablesandfruit.Youdbetternoteattoomuchsweet.Also,youshouldtakephysicalexerciseregularlyinsteadofstudyingintheclassroomallthetime.Forexample,youcanplaybasketballorswimafterschool.Whatsmore,havingenoughsleepisveryimportant.SoIadviseyoutohaveatleasteighthoursofsleepeverydayandnottostayuptoolate.Onlyinthiswaycanyoukeephealthy.Bestwishes.Yours,LiHua