2022年高考英语一轮复习 考点规范练29（含解析）新人教版.docx

1、考点规范练29.阅读理解(2019北京)By the end of the century,if not sooner,the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,t

2、hese phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the oceans appea

3、rance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming

4、trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oce

5、ans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions

6、 riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,

7、Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“Itll be a while

8、 before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patte

9、rns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.2.What does the underlined word“vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.3.What ca

10、n we learn from the passage?A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B.Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A

11、.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.完形填空When I was diagnosed with breast cancer a few years back,I reacted like most who receiv

12、e a cancer diagnosis and the first thing that came to mind was a “death sentence”.1,instead of complaining,I decided to look for the 2 side of it.I realized that I was about to 3 a new beginning.I knew that I had to develop and gain 4 from all my experiences.Even with the pain I had to 5 through eac

13、h diagnosis,and all the 6 Ive dealt with all my life,I still felt truly lucky.I 7 myself that I still have my life,so why am I to 8?One day,I had an unusual experience.I turned that experience into a 9 and I called it “Peace”.Writing had become therapy(治疗)for me.I took that poem,along with many othe

14、rs I had 10 during my breast cancer period and placed them in book form.I was 11 enough to have that book published.I later had another inspirational childrens book 12,with a third one 13.Im hoping that anyone who has the chance to read my first book of poems will benefit from it.My poems are from t

15、he heart,and I wish to have a positive 14 on someone whos ill.I 15 believe when you survive a serious 16 like cancer,its for a reason,and I want to live to 17 exactly what that is for me.Thats what Im all about now,inspiration.I would have 18 become a writer,producing inspirational poems and stories

16、,if I had not gone through all that I did.Im a true example that you can 19 cancer,as long as you have faith and allow that faith to 20 your path.1.A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Otherwise2.A.badB.oppositeC.rightD.positive3.A.markB.missC.faceD.find4.A.advantageB.strengthC.knowledgeD.skill5.A.express

17、B.hideC.goD.bear6.A.chancesB.strugglesC.decisionsD.businesses7.A.persuadedB.showedC.remindedD.taught8.A.complainB.encourage C.disappointD.please9.A.poemB.novelC.diaryD.play10.A.readB.learnedC.writtenD.collected11.A.confidentB.luckyC.carefulD.shocked12.A.publishedB.translatedC.typedD.reviewed13.A.in

18、the darkB.above the averageC.ahead of timeD.on the way14.A.impressionB.influenceC.resultD.conclusion15.A.hardlyB.honestlyC.trulyD.widely16.A.accidentB.diagnosisC.disasterD.disease17.A.look forB.find outC.concentrate onD.pick out18.A.everB.alreadyC.justD.never19.A.cureB.developC.surviveD.treat20.A.di

19、rectB.crossC.followD.walk.语篇填空(2017全国)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1. a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 2.(effect) such as overweight and hear

20、t diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 3.(process) the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 4.(remove) from food,the food tastes as if it is missin

21、g something.As 5. result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 6.(bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 7.(be) full of fat and salt;by 8.(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fa

22、t and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However,be 9.(care) not to go to extremes.Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,10. is not good for the health.短文改错In July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Yout

23、h Square at 5 a.m.Then we boarded a bus,where took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and a half hour.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only take some pictures now and then.T

24、here was a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.At noon,I had a simply lunch,for I took some food with me.We had returned at four oclock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safely and sound.考点规范练29(选修6Unit4).【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球气候变化对海洋颜色的影响。1.B主旨大意题。根据文章前两段的内容可知

25、,这两段主要介绍了海洋颜色发生变化的原因。所以选B项。2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth.”可知,浮游生物容易受到气候变暖的影响,vulnerable的含义与sensitive最为接近。所以选A项。3.D细节理解题。根据第四段的“Butinsomewaters.awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知在某些海域,气候变暖给浮游生物提

26、供更成熟的条件,而这些水域将会变得更绿。所以选D项。4.C写作意图题。通读文章的第一段以及最后一段的内容可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的就是解释气候变化对海洋的影响。所以选C项。.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者身患癌症,但没有抱怨,而是通过写诗歌和小说来阐述人生,最终战胜了病魔。1.A上文说,作者对于患上癌症首先想到的是“死亡判决”;下文说,作者并没有抱怨。据此可以判断,空处前后文之间是转折关系,故A项正确。2.D根据该句中的insteadofcomplaining可知,作者没有选择抱怨而是决定寻找癌症积极的一面;positive意为“积极的”,符合语境。3.C根据语境可知,作者将面对新

27、的开始。face意为“面对,面临”,符合语境。4.B根据该句中的fromallmyexperiences可以判断,作者决定从自己的经历中获得战胜癌症的力量;strength意为“力量”,符合语境。5.D根据该句中的withthepain可知,作者要忍受癌症的痛苦;bear意为“忍受”,符合语境。6.B根据该句中的“Ivedealtwithallmylife.”并结合前文作者对患癌症的叙述可以判断,struggle意为“挣扎”,符合语境。7.C根据语境可知,作者提醒自己,自己仍然活着;remind意为“提醒”,故C项正确。persuade意为“说服”;show意为“展示”;teach意为“教”。

28、8.A根据上文第一段最后一句中的complaining并结合语境可知,A项正确。encourage意为“鼓励”;disappoint意为“失望”;please意为“取悦”。9.A根据下文的Itookthatpoem可知,作者将那次经历写成了一首诗;poem意为“诗歌”,符合语境。10.C根据上句中的Writing可以判断,这些诗是作者在患癌症期间写的,故C项正确。11.B根据该句中的enoughtohavethatbookpublished可以判断,作者足够幸运,出版了自己的诗集,故B项正确。confident意为“自信的”;careful意为“仔细的”;shocked意为“震惊的”。12.A

29、根据上句中的havethatbookpublished及本句中的another可以判断,作者又出版了一本书,故A项正确。translate意为“翻译”;type意为“打字”;review意为“审查”。13.D根据该句中another.withathirdone可以判断,第三本书将要出版;ontheway意为“即将发生”,符合语境。14.B作者的诗歌源于心灵,作者希望它们对病人有积极的影响。haveaninfluenceon为固定短语,意为“对有影响”,故B项正确。impression意为“印象”;result意为“结果”;conclusion意为“结论”。15.C此处表示作者真的相信,如果你能

30、从像癌症这样的重疾中存活下来,这肯定是有原因的。truly意为“真正地”,符合语境,故C项正确。16.D根据该句中的likecancer可以判断,这里指像癌症那样的重疾,故D项正确。17.B根据该句中的itsforareason可知,作者要弄清楚对他来说那是什么;B项意为“弄清楚,弄明白”,符合语境。lookfor意为“寻找”;concentrateon意为“全神贯注于”;pickout意为“挑选”。18.D根据语境可知,如果不是癌症,作者肯定不可能成为作家,写出鼓舞人心的诗歌和故事,故D项正确。19.C根据前文第三段最后一句中的survive可知,作者是从癌症中存活下来的真实例子,故C项正确

31、。20.A根据该句中的yourpath可知,只要你有信念,并让信念指引你的方向,那么你就可能会战胜癌症。direct意为“指引”,符合语境。.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了低脂低盐的饮食方式的利弊以及这种饮食方式对人体的影响。1.as考查介词。as“作为”,是介词。此处意为“作为一种与心脏病做斗争的方法”。2.effects考查名词的数。effect“作用”,是可数名词。根据前面的some可知要用effects。sideeffects“副作用”。3.toprocess考查非谓语动词。requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”,所以填toprocess。4.areremov

32、ed考查被动语态。remove是及物动词,与fatandsalt有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用被动语态。5.a考查固定搭配。asaresult“结果”,是固定搭配。6.worse考查比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。bad的比较级是worse。7.is考查主谓一致。fastfood是第三人称单数形式,句子是一般现在时,所以填is。8.eating考查非谓语动词。by是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。9.careful考查形容词。be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。care的形容词形式是careful。10.which考查定语从句。题空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中做主

33、语,所以填which。.InOnJuly21,I,togetherwithsomepeople,gatheredatYouthSquareat5a.m.Thenweboardedabus,wherewhichtookustoWulingMountain,takingustwoandahalfhourhours.Totellthetruth,WulingMountainisareallyattractivespot,wherethescenewasisbeautifulenough.Whenfirstclimbingthemountain,Ifeltexcited,andwalkedfast,onlytaketakingsomepicturesnowandthen.Therewaswerealargenumberoftouriststhatday,makingthepathcrowded.Atnoon,Ihadasimplysimplelunch,forItooksomefoodwithme.Wehadreturnedatfouroclock,laughingandtalking.Tiredbuthappy,wearrivedhomesafelysafeandsound.