山西省晋城市高平一中2021-2022学年高一上学期开学考英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、一中实验高一英语小练本试卷分共100分，考试时间50分钟。一、单词训练 (共23小题，每小题1分，满分23分)英汉互译1. sharp adj. _2. specific adj. _3. memorize v. _4. committee n. _5. adj._有智慧的，聪明的6. adj._各种各样的，各种不同的7. n._机会，时机8. adj._特定的，特指的9. v._改善，改进10. contact v._11. negative adj._12. base v._13. apartment n._【答案】1. 敏锐的，聪明的 2. 具体的，特定的 3. 记住，熟记 4. 委员会

2、 5. intelligent 6. various 7. opportunity 8. particular 9. improve 10. 联系，联络 11. 消极的，负面的 12. 以为基础 13. 一套住房，公寓套房【解析】【分析】【1题详解】考查形容词。sharp可译为“敏锐的，聪明的”，形容词。故填：明锐的，聪明的。【2题详解】考查形容词。specific可译为“具体的，特定的”，形容词。故填：具体的，特定的。【3题详解】考查动词。memorize可译为“记住，熟记”，动词。故填：记住，熟记。【4题详解】考查名词。committee可译为“委员会”，名词。故填：委员会。【5题详解】考

3、查形容词。“有智慧，聪明的”译为intelligent，形容词。故填intelligent。【6题详解】考查形容词。“各种各样的，各种不同的”译为various，形容词。故填various。【7题详解】考查名词。“机会，时机”译为opportunity，名词。故填opportunity。【8题详解】考查形容词。“特定的，指定的”译为particular，形容词。故填particular。【9题详解】考查动词。“改善，改进”译为improve，动词。故填improve。【10题详解】考查动词。contact译为“联系，联络”，动词。故填：联系，联络。【11题详解】考查形容词。negative译为

4、“消极的，负面的”，形容词。故填：消极的，负面的。【12题详解】考查动词。base译为“以.为基础”，动词。故填：以.为基础。【13题详解】考查名词。apartment译为“一套住房，公寓套房”，名词。故填：一套住房，公寓套房【点睛】英汉互译14. adj._可能的，可能发生的15. v. _提醒，使想起16. n._评论17. adv._事实上，实际上18. currently adv. _19. jogging n. _20. individual adj._21. stress n. _22. _adv.现今，现时23. _adj.苗条的，修长的【答案】14. likely 15. re

5、mind 16. comment 17. actually 18. 现时，当前 19. 慢跑锻炼 20. 独特的，与众不同的 21. 重音，重读 22. nowadays 23. slim【解析】【分析】【14题详解】考查形容词。“可能的，可能发生的”可译为likely，形容词。故填likely。【15题详解】考查动词。“提醒，使想起”可译为remind，动词。故填remind。【16题详解】考查名词。“评论”可译为comment，名词。故填comment。【17题详解】考查副词。“事实上，实际上”可译为actually。故填actually。【18题详解】考查副词。currently译为“现

6、时，当前”，副词。故填：现时，当前。【19题详解】考查名词。jogging译为“慢跑锻炼”，名词。故填：慢跑锻炼。【20题详解】考查形容词。individual译为“独特的，与众不同的”，形容词。故填：独特的，与众不同的。【21题详解】考查名词。stress译为“重音，重读”，名词。故填：重音，重读。【22题详解】考查副词。“现今，现时”可译为nowadays，副词。故填nowadays。【23题详解】考查形容词。“苗条的，修长的”可译为slim，形容词。故填slim。【点睛】二、阅读理解 (共4小题，每小题3分，满分12分）The English language has a lot of

7、words which can be used in many different ways and in many different experiences.One such example is the word matter. In fact, matter can mean just about anything. It could be one of the most useful words in the English language.Lets get to the heart of the matter - a matter of principle(原则).If some

8、one says that you owe(欠) him $50, but you dont, a friend might say, “Well, you could pay him the $50. Its not that much money. Then you wont have to hear him say it anymore.” But if you do not owe him the money, do not pay him the money. Its a matter of principle.There is another way to use the word

9、 matter. But be careful with your choices of words.If you ask someone, “Whats the matter?”, it shows you are worried about the other person. But saying, “Whats the matter with you?” has a completely different meaning. And it usually sounds rude. In fact, when you say, “Whats the matter with you?”, y

10、ou are suggesting that the person did something wrong or stupid.Another expression that could sound rude is to say, “It doesnt matter to me.” Here, it depends on the context, and how you say it.Lets say you tell someone that a friend just got a big raise at work. That person answers with, “It doesnt

11、 matter to me.” Here, it means he or she does not care. And it sounds rude.But saying, “Oh, you pick where we eat dinner. It doesnt matter to me.” does not sound rude. In the situation, “it doesnt matter” shows you are easy-going.No matter how you look at it and what you say, matter is a very useful

12、 word. And its only a matter of time before you will become an expert on the use of matter.24. We can infer from the text that the word matter _.A. has a wide useB. can mean moneyC. is the most used English wordD. has the most different expressions25. What is the authors suggestion in Paragraph 4?A.

13、 Every penny counts.B. Stick to what is right.C. Follow your friends advice.D. Be careful when making friends.26. The underlined word “context” in the text probably means _.A. choiceB. personC. situationD. answer27. The author develops the text mainly by _.A. using examplesB. giving instructionsC. d

14、escribing his experiencesD. discussing research findings【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了matter一词的主要用法。【24题详解】A推理判断题。根据第一段“The English language has a lot of words which can be used in many different ways and in many different experiences.”（英语有很多单词，可以用在很多不同的方式和不同的经历中。）以及第二段“One such e

15、xample is the word matter. In fact, matter can mean just about anything. It could be one of the most useful words in the English language.”（matter就是一个这样的词。实际上，matter可以表示任何东西。它可能是英语中最有用的词之一。）可知，matter一词用法很广。故选A。【25题详解】B推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“But if you do not owe him the money, do not pay him the money. Its

16、 a matter of principle.”（如果你没有欠他的钱，就不要给他钱，这是一个原则问题）可知，作者觉得在对的事情上要坚持自己的立场，不要轻易做出让步或改变。可知作者的建议是：坚持正确的。故选B。【26题详解】C词义猜测题。根据倒数第二、三段举例说明“It doesnt matter to me”在不同的语境中意思也不同（回复朋友加薪时说意味着粗鲁无理；回复挑选就餐地点时说意味着随和）可知，该表达取决于上下文语境，由此可知划线词词义为“语境、情况”，故选C。【27题详解】A推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中用不同的例子来讲解matter的用法，由此可知，作者主要是通过举例来展开全文的。

17、故选A。三、七选五(共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选。Successful students have good study habits._28_Read about study habits below. Work to develop any study habit you do not have.Plan specific times for studying. Study time is any time you are doing something related to schoolwork. It

18、 can be completing assigned (指定的) reading, working on a paper or project, or studying for a test. Try to study at the same time each day. _29_When a scheduled study time comes up during the day, you will be mentally prepared to begin studying.Avoid doing too much studying at one time. Set specific g

19、oals for your study time. Goals will help you stay focused and check your progress._30_You may delay( 延误) starting your studying because you dont like an assignment(任务) or think it is too hard. If you keep delaying for any reason, you will find it difficult to get everything done when you need to. Y

20、ou may rush to make up the time you wasted getting started, resulting in careless work and errors. So it is important to make preparations in advance and act as they are.Work on the hardest assignment first._31_Start with them since this is when you have the most mental energy.Review your notes befo

21、re beginning an assignment. Reviewing the notes can help you make sure you are doing an assignment correctly. Also, your notes may include information that will help you complete an assignment.There is also a case where two heads may be better than one. _32_A. Start studying as planned.B. They apply

22、 these to all of their classes.C. Concentrate（专注于）on what you are studying.D. Your most difficult assignment will require the most effort.E. So call another student when you have difficulty with an assignment.F. Developing good study habits will help you study properly and efficiently.G. Studying at

23、 the same time each day develops a routine that becomes a regular part of your life.【答案】28 F 29. G 30. A 31. D 32. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些可以让学生事半功倍的学习习惯。【28题详解】根据上文“Successful students have good study habits.（成功的学生都有好的习惯）”推知，下文承接上文，继续陈述好的学习习惯带来的好处。F项“养成良好的学习习惯将有助于你正确有效地学习”符合文意。故选F。【29题详解】上文“Try to

24、study at the same time each day.（尽量每天在同一时间学习）”提出，每天要在同一时间学习，下文“When a scheduled study time comes up during the day, you will be mentally prepared to begin studying.（当计划的学习时间在白天到来时，你将在心理上做好开始学习的准备）”指出，如果学习时间固定，在此时间来临时，我们会做好心理准备。由此推知，空处承接上文指出每天在同一时间学习的好处。G项“每天在同一时间学习，养成一种习惯，它成为你生活中的一部分”符合文意，选项中的at the

25、 same time呼应上文的at the same time，routine呼应下文的a scheduled study。故选G。【30题详解】空处为本段主旨句。下文“You may delay( 延误) starting your studying because you dont like an assignment(任务) or think it is too hard. If you keep delaying for any reason, you will find it difficult to get everything done when you need to. You

26、 may rush to make up the time you wasted getting started, resulting in careless work and errors. So it is important to make preparations in advance and act as they are.（你可能因为不喜欢一个任务或者觉得它太难而推迟你的学习。如果你因为任何原因一直拖延，你会发现在你需要的时候很难完成每件事。你可能会匆忙弥补开始时浪费的时间，导致粗心的工作和错误。因此，重要的是要提前做好准备并按实际行动）”提出，为了不让自己有任何借口或理由推迟学习

27、，我们应该提前做好计划，并按计划实施。A项“按照计划开始学习”符合本段主旨。故选A。【31题详解】上文“Work on the hardest assignment first.（先做最难的任务）”提出，我们要先做最难的任务，由此推知，空处应陈述为什么要采取这样的策略。D项“最难的任务需要花最多的精力”符合文意，且与下文“Start with them since this is when you have the most mental energy.（从它们开始，因为这是你精力最充沛的时候）”承接自然，选项中的effort呼应下文的energy。故选D。【32题详解】上文“There is

28、 also a case where two heads may be better than one.（还有一种情况是“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”）”提出，遇到难题可以需求别人的帮助。E项“因此，当你解决不了某个任务时可以请求另一个学生帮忙”符合文意。故选E。四、完形填空(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There are a thousand heroes in a thousand peoples eyes. In my view, a hero is someone w

29、ho uses his way to _33_ others.When I was 12 years old, my grandparents died. I really loved them, and_34_them was the hardest thing Ive ever had to go through. I couldnt eat, sleep, or think; I felt like I couldnt even _35_ . It was as if my whole world had fallen down from under me, and I _36_into

30、 this huge hole of sadness._37_I was fighting against sadness, I was determined to enjoy my high school years. It was_38_to be happy, but I had to try. It was then that I decided to join Womens Choir(合唱团). Mr. Wright was the choral director who was so funny that I knew I had made the best _39_of my

31、life. As the year went by, I began to smile again.Then one day that all_40_. My friends or those that I thought were my friendsstarted talking about me behind my back. I was_41_, sitting by myself. Mr. Wright came over and asked what was wrong. The look in his eyes told me that I could _42_him. Tryi

32、ng hard to_43_back tears, I told him the whole story.If you never learn anything from me, learn this: No one can_44_your joy. What Mr. Wright said really made me moved. He _45_cared about me and what was going on. Im really_46_, because he not only saved me but has influenced my life ever since. Whe

33、never I wanted to_47_, I remembered Mr. Wrights words and pushed forward. At last, I got over(克服) my _48_and now enjoy being in the best choir at my school.Mr. Wright is a(n)_49_to me and everyone he meets. He cares about every single person who walks through his door, and he loves what he does _50_

34、any other teacher Ive known. Thats why he _51_Educator of the Year. He is worth owning the_52_not just this year but every year.33. A. hurtB. helpC. teachD. win34. A. missingB. seekingC. losingD. protecting35. A. breatheB. singC. advanceD. escape36. A. lookedB. brokeC. fellD. turned37. A. IfB. OnceC

35、. BecauseD. Although38. A. importantB. amazingC. shamefulD. challenging39. A. suggestionB. decisionC. preparationD. offer40. A. happenedB. exchangedC. appearedD. changed41. A. refusedB. forgottenC. hurtD. trapped42. A. trustB. impressC. respectD. satisfy43. A. winB. holdC. takeD. call44. A. stealB.

36、shareC. hideD. feel45. A. cheerfullyB. trulyC. exactlyD. rarely46. A. usefulB. carefulC. wonderfulD. thankful47. A. look upB. break upC. give upD. make up48. A. anxietyB. disappointmentC. frightD. sadness49. A. teacherB. friendC. heroD. assistant50. A. more thanB. rather thanC. regardless ofD. inste

37、ad of51. A. attemptsB. deservesC. pretendsD. explores52. A. titleB. jobC. helpD. effort【答案】33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者心目中的英雄合唱队老师MrWright，以及他对作者的深刻影响。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：在我看来，英雄就是那个

38、竭尽全力帮助别人的人。A. hurt伤害；B. help帮助；C. teach教授；D. win赢得。结合下文提到Mr. Wright帮助作者可知，作者认为英雄就是尽力帮助别人的人。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很爱他们，失去他们对我来说是有史以来最难受的事。A. missing错过，想念；B. seeking寻找；C. losing失去；D. protecting保护。根据上文“my grandparents passed away”可知，作者的祖父母去世了，故此处用“失去”符合语境，故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己甚至不能呼吸。A. bre

39、athe呼吸；B. sing唱歌；C. advance前进；D. escape逃跑。根据“I couldnt eat, sleep, or think”可知，此处用“不能呼吸”来表达作者失去祖父母悲痛和不知所措，故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：好像我的整个世界都坍塌了，而我掉进了一个巨大的沮丧的黑洞。A. looked看；B. broke打破；C. fell掉落；D. turned转动。根据前文的“my whole world had fallen down from under me”可知，此处用“掉入巨大的沮丧黑洞”形容作者当时的心情，fall是原词复现，故选C项。【37题

40、详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而我在与抑郁作斗争，我要使我的学校生活变得美好。A. If如果；B. Once一旦；C. Because因为；D. Although尽管，然而。结合上下文可知，此处和上文是转折关系，故选D项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：高兴是有挑战的，但是我不得不尝试。A. important重要的；B. amazing惊讶的；C. shameful羞愧的；D. challenging有挑战的。根据后文的“but I had to try”可知，此处用“有挑战的”符合语境，故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Wright是合唱团的指挥，他很搞笑，

41、我知道我做出了人生最好的决定。A. suggestion建议；B. decision决定；C. preparation准备；D. offer邀请。根据前文的“It was then that I decided to join Womens Choir.”可知，此处用“决定”符合语境，decide和decision是同根词复现，故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然一天，一切都变了。A. happened发生；B. exchange交换；C. appeared出现；D. changed改变。根据上文的“As the year progressed, I began to smil

42、e again.”和下文的“talking about me behind my back.”可知，事情发生了转变，故选D项。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被伤害了，独自坐着。A. refused拒绝；B. forgotten忘记；C. hurt伤害；D. trapped困住。根据上文的“my friends-started talking about me behind my back.”可知，作者的朋友在背后议论他，故此处用“伤害”符合语境，故选C项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的眼神告诉我，我可以信任他。A. trust信任；B. impress铭记；C. resp

43、ect尊敬；D. satisfy使满意。根据下文的“I told him the whole story.”可知，作者把事情讲给指挥听了，说明他信任他，故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：努力抑制住泪水，我把事情将给他听。A. win赢得；B. hold持；C. take拿；D. call叫。结合语境和常识可知，此处指作者抑制住泪水，把事情讲给Mr. Wright听。hold back tears抑制住眼泪，故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有从我这里学会任何东西，那么一定要学会这一个：没人可以偷走你的快乐。A. steal偷；B. share分享；C. hi

44、de隐藏；D. feel感觉。结合上下文可知，Mr. Wright的意思是没人有资格让作者不快乐，故此处用“偷走快乐”符合语境，故选A项。45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真地很关心我和正在发生的事情。A. cheerfully鼓舞地；B. truly真实地；C. exactly确切地；D. rarely稀少地。根据下文的“Im really 14 ”可知，作者发自内心感谢指挥，故此处用“他确实关心我和我的事情”符合语境，故选B项【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：我真的很感激他，他不仅拯救了我，也影响了从那以后我生活中的每一天。A. useful有用的；B. careful仔细

45、的；C. wonderful极好的；D. thankful感激的。根据“because he not only saved me but has influenced my life ever since.”可推知，作者对Mr.Wright非常感激。故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：句意：每当我想放弃的时候，我就会想起MrWright的话，并继续前进。A. look up查阅，尊敬，向上看；B. break up破裂，破碎；C. give up放弃；D. make up编造，化妆，组成。根据“I remembered Mr. Wrights words and pushed fo

46、rward.”可知，此处是指每当作者想要放弃的时候，就会想起Mr.Wright的话。故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终我克服了悲伤，享受作为学校最好合唱团的一份子。A. anxiety焦虑；B. disappointment失望；C. fright恐惧；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文作者祖父去世和朋友背地里说自己坏话可知，作者很悲伤，故此处是指他克服这种情绪。且上文的“I was fighting against sadness,”也是暗示。故选D。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr.Wright是他所遇到的每一个人的英雄。A. teacher老师；B. frie

47、nd朋友；C. hero英雄；D. assistant助理。根据前文的“There are a thousand heroes in a thousand peoples eyes.”可知，此处用“英雄”符合语境，hero是原词复现，回扣文章主旨，故选C项。【50题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他关心每一个路过他门口的人，他比我认识的其他任何老师都热爱自己的事业。A. more than多于；B. rather than而非；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而非。此处要表达Mr. Wright是作者认识的最热爱自己事业的老师，故选A项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析

48、。句意：这就是他应得今年年度教育工作者的原因。A. attempts企图；B. deserves值得，应得；C. pretends假装；D. explore探索。结合上下文，此处是指Mr. Wright因为热爱并做好了自己的工作，而获得了年度最佳工作者称号，并且这个称号是他应得的，故选B项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不仅今年赢得这个头衔，每年他都应得到这个头衔。A. title头衔；B. job工作；C. help帮助；D. effort努力。根据前文可知，“Educator of the Year”是一个头衔，故选A项。五、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面

49、材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。How time flies! I will be a senior high school student this term. I am very excited and nervous. I feel excited because I _53_(learn) more knowledge from my new teachers. _54_(especial), I can learn more about English, math, physics, chemistry and biology. I think they

50、 are_55_(interest). I can meet many new_56_(friend) in senior high school as well. I think they,_57_(I) new friends, will be friendly and kindhearted. I believe I will get along well_58_all of my new classmates. _59_the saying goes, “A friend is _60_(easy) to be lost than found.” If you want to make

51、 friends with others, you should treat them sincerely(真诚地). It is really hard, _61_I will try.I feel nervous because I heard that it is difficult _62_(study) in senior high school. I think I will meet many problems and fall through many times. But its nothing serious, because I know if I work hard,

52、I will be successful at last.【答案】53. will learn 54. Especially 55. interesting 56. friends 57. my 58. with 59. As 60. easier 61. but 62. to study【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读高中前对高中生活的憧憬和决心。【53题详解】考查时态。句意：我感到很兴奋，因为我即将从新老师那里学到更多的知识。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的“I will be a senior high school student this term.

53、”可知，此处指将要从新老师那里学习更多知识，应用一般将来。故填will learn。【54题详解】考查副词。句意：尤其是我可以了解更多关于英语、数学、物理、化学和生物。此处应用副词修饰后文整个句子。故填Especially。【55题详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为它们非常有趣。句中they指代上文提到的科目，此处应用v-ing形式的形容词作表语。故填interesting。56题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在高中我也可以遇到很多新朋友。friend“朋友”为可数名词，被many修饰，应用其复数形式。故填friends。【57题详解】考查代词。句意：我相信他们，我的新朋友，将会是友好且善良的。此处应

54、用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词词组new friends。故填my。【58题详解】考查介词。句意：我相信我会和所有新同学相处得很好。此处为固定短语get along well with sb.“与某人相处得好”。故填with。【59题详解】考查连词。句意：俗话所说：失去朋友比找到朋友容易。此处为固定表达as the saying goes“俗话说”，as引导方式状语从句。故填As。【60题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：俗话所说：失去朋友比找到朋友容易。结合语境和后文than可知，此处应用easy的比较级作表语。故填easier。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：这真的很难，但我会努力。结合句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。【62题详解】考查不定式。句意：我紧张，因为我听说高中学习很难。此处为固定句型it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是.的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to study。【点睛】