2022九年级英语下册 Unit 7 Work for Peace文化背景资料（新版）冀教版.doc

1、Nobel Prize and The Nobel Peace Prize1. Nobel PrizeAny of the prizes awarded annually by four institutions (three Swedish and one Norwegian) from a fund established under the will of Alfred B. Nobel.The will specified that awards should be given to those who, during the preceding year, shall have co

2、nferred the greatest benefit on mankind. Since 1901, prizes have been awarded for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace; since 1969, a sixth prize, established by the Bank of Sweden, has been awarded in economic sciences. The Nobel Prizes are regarded as the most prestigi

3、ous prizes in the world. 2. The Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize (where Nobel is pronounced with the stress on the second syllable) is one of five Nobel Prizes be quested by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel. Ironically, as some point out, Alfred Nobel was the man whose inve

4、ntion, dynamite, led to the death of thousands if not millions of people. According to the will of Alfred Nobel, the prize should be awarded to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between the nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses. Help: institution/nsttun/ n. 机构, 创立, 惯例 prestigious /prestds/ adj. 享有声望的, 声望很高的 ironically /arnkl/ adv. 说反话地; 讽刺地 dynamite /danmat/ n. 炸药; fraternity /frtrnt/ n. 友爱,