河北省行唐县2015高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（1）及答案.doc

1、河北省行唐县2015高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（1）及答案阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 (江西卷)Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Ear

2、th? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better

3、 its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be complete

4、ly destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or technique

5、s have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications syst

6、ems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to sa

7、ve us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth

8、is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域

9、包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。1Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?ATo express his doubts.BTo compare different ideas.CTo introduce points for discussion.DTo describe the conditions on Earth.答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。2What is the reason for exploring space

10、based on Paragraph 2?AHumans are natureborn to do so.BHumans have the tendency to fight.CHumans may find new sources of food.DHumans dont like to stay in the same place.答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。3The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _.Asurvival chances Bpoten

11、tial resourcesCunexpected benefitsDphysical possessions答案：C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。4What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?AOur genetic makeup. BResources on the eart

12、h.CThe adaptive ability of humans.DByproducts in space exploration.答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。5Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?ASpace exploration has created many wonders.BSpace exploration provides the best value for money.CSpace exploration can benefit scienc

13、e and technology.DSpace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。【2014安徽省屯溪一中月考卷】DWe already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us co

14、uld reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating

15、 up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emiss

16、ions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the g

17、lobal average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to ma

18、ke deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent. he said. Good advice, I thought. Id opened our bedroo

19、m windows to let in the wind. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary.68. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take

20、special kinds of food B. To improve their health C. To lose weight D. To respond to climate change. 69. The underlined words tipping points most probably refer to _. A. melting points B. burning points C. freezing points D. boiling points70. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. it is neces

21、sary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time B. the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month C. the average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a month D. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO271. Which of the following would be th

22、e best title for this passage? A. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work C. Saving Energy Starts at Home D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult【参考答案】 68-71 D A DC阅读理解AWomen, be on your guard. There is a new male excuse for not listening to us.A recent study s

23、hows that men find it almost impossible to listen to what women say because their brains are out of synch（不同步的）with complex female tones. Apparently, when men listen to other men about the things they care about, they use only the frontal area of their brains. However, when they listen to women its

24、different story. They have to work much harder, employing a part of the brain that normally deals with music. So when a man tells you your voice is music to his ears, hes actually telling the truth, though not in a good way. Im sure a lot of women could recall times when they have wasted hours expla

25、ining why they are completely right about everything in the world, only to wake up the next day to discover that not one brilliant point got through. Those times when men havent listened to me, I just thought I was being ignored. I didnt realize I just wasnt singing their favorite music. If Id reali

26、zed I was being heard as music, I would have had a bit of fun with it. Whenever I wanted a discussion, Id have brought along my own band, complete with string and horn sections. It is difficult not to be suspicious of yet more scientific findings sparing men the blame because of their biology. Isnt

27、this slaves to biology all-purpose excuse wearing thin? Its enough to make you wonder at what a strange helpless species men are -which part of the body will be beyond their control next. Even if there is something in it, we have to take into account that most relationships are likely to become bori

28、ng. Thats the truth of the matter. Male or female, your voice might start out as music to your beloveds ears. But finally it will end up as boredom. When your beautiful tones are there all the time, as they go about their daily business, you start to blend in a bit too much, until finally you become

29、 a kind of background noise. 1The author of this passage tries to _. A. throw doubts on a commonly accepted idea B. explain a commonly accepted idea as it is C. give some advice on a common problem D. argue against a common belief 答案解析：答案为B。本题考查文章的写作目的。本文第二段就揭示了为什么男性听不进去女性的话的原因，文章后面的内容对此进行了阐述。故答案为B。

30、2According to the new study, men dont listen to women because _ . A. what women say are usually boring B. they dont care about what women say C. they cant deal with female voices D. they regard female voices as music 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第三段的内容可知，男性在听同性的话语的时候只是用了大脑的前面区域；然而听女性的话语的时候，却更费力，因为要使用通常用来听音乐的那部

31、分的大脑区域。故可推断，男性不听女性的话是因为他们大脑不能非常容易地处理女性的声音。故答案为C。干扰性最强的D选项 “他们把女性的声音当成音乐” 与文意不符。故错误。3The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph shows that the author is _. A. realistic B. humorous C. serious D. funny 答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意推断题。结合第五段的内容，作者以女性的口吻谈到如果她早意识到她是因为 “音乐”而被男人倾听，她会为此而感到些许开怀。无论何时，如果她想要一场“讨论”，就会带上自己

32、的乐队，弦号俱全。故可以推断，划线部分的语言显得幽默。4What does the author think of the finding of the new study? A. She thinks it doubtful. B. She thinks it interesting. C. She thinks it needs further proof. D. She thinks it right. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推断题。由倒数第三段首句 “It is difficult not to be suspicious of ” 可知，本句话的同义词就是doubtful.故

33、答案为A。5The author would most probably agree that _. A. men should accept what women say B. women should talk less and do more housework C. however beautiful voices may be, they will finally become boring D. the relationship between men and women should always be improving 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。从最后一段 “When

34、 your beautiful tones are there all the time, as they go about their daily business, you start to blend in a bit too much, until finally you become a kind of background noise.” 可知，当你美妙的旋律每天都出现在男人日常生活中的时候，最后也会变成背景噪音。故答案为C. A、B未提及；倒数第二段首句提到了 “ most relationships are likely to become boring.” D选项与此不符，故

35、错误。【2014安徽省屯溪一中月考卷】ESports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.An attraction

36、 of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much televisio

37、n at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhe

38、re if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and li

39、fe insurance.Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings(收视率)are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States

40、, to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high-priced cars. business and personal computer, and holiday tri

41、ps .This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings.Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computer, with such viewers, these programs dont need high

42、 ratings to stay on the air.72. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons_.A. result in more sport eventsB. get more viewers to play sportsC. bring more money to the television networks D. make more people interested in television73. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport

43、programs? A. Because there would be few viewersB. Because the advertisers would be off workC. Because television programs would go slowlyD. Because viewers would pay less for watching television74. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because _.A. their advertisers are car make

44、rsB. their advertisers target at rich peopleC. their viewers are attracted by sportsD. their viewers can afford expensive cars75. What is the passage mainly about?A. Television ratings are determined by male viewersB. Rich viewers contribute most to television companiesC. Commercial advertisers are

45、the major sponsors of sport events D. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television【参考答案】7275 C A B D阅读理解-BListen carefully, working people, we would like to tell you something that could save your precious time and money! Best of all, it is free!Its “no”.What do you ask? Well say it ag

46、ain: “No”.Sweet and simple “no”.Say “no” at your office and see how quickly that pile of work on your desk disappears.“Saying no to others means you are saying yes to yourself, ” said Leslie Charles, a professional speaker from East Lansing, Michigan.“Time is precious. People are spending money buyi

47、ng time. And yet we are willing to give up our time because we cant say no.” Susie Watson, a famous writer, said people who always say “yes” need to say “no” without guilt(内疚)or fear of punishment. “I would rather have someone give me a loving no than an obligated(强制的) yes, ” she said. Susie Watson

48、says she feels “no” obligation to give an explanation when she says “no” either socially or professionally. Does she feel guilty about it? “Not at all, ” said Watson, who is director of advertising and public relations at Timex Corp in Middlebury, Conneticut. “Most people are afraid of saying no My

49、advice is to say yes only if you dont mean no.” Watson said “no” is the most effective weapon against wasting time. “Every year there are more demands on your time Other people are happy to use up your time, ” Watson said. Time saving appears to be “nos” greatest friend.“No” can be your new friend,

50、a powerful tool to take back your life. “No” may even take you further in the business world than “yes”.“No” is power and strength. “No” now seems completely correct. “Saying no isnt easy. But finally its greatly liberating,” Charles said. But, he added, a “no” project needs to be worked on every da

51、y because it is hard to change long-term habit.But, he also warns: “Dont go to extremes. Dont find yourself saying no to everything. In return you should learn to hear no.”1. The sentence “Saying yes to yourself” means _.A. you can have more time to play with othersB. you neednt care about others fe

52、eling if you are happyC. you are selfish and treat others rudelyD. you can deal with your business as you have planned 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由第五、六段可知，对别人说 “不”就是对自己说 “是”，当在办公室说 “不”的时候，你可以看到你桌上的文件很快就完成了。故答案为D。2. When you say “no” to others you should say it in a _.A. secret wayB. polite wayC. proud way D

53、. guilty way 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第八段 “I would rather have someone give me a loving no ”的 “loving” 可以推断，答案为B。3. In Watsons opinion, people can save much time on condition that _.A. they say “no” at a suitable timeB. they say “no” as much as possibleC. they are afraid of saying “no” D. they make other

54、s angry at them 答案解析：答案为A. 本题为推理题。结合倒数第五段的内容和该段的最后一句话 “My advice is to say yes only if you dont mean no.” 可知，Watson的总结性意见是如果你不打算对别人说 “不”，那就说 “是”。故可以推断，说 “不”要在合适的时间。故答案为A。4. If a person says “no” to everything, the result he or she receive may be that he or she _.A. enjoys a wonderful lifeB. makes a lot of moneyC. faces difficulty in lifeD. forgets to say “yes” in the end答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后一段 Charles 所讲的 “Dont go to extremes. Dont find yourself saying no to everything”可知，他认为不能凡事都说 “不”，不能走极端。故可以推断，如果凡事说 “不”，生活就会遇到麻烦。