2022届新高考通用版英语一轮复习训练：第一部分 构词法 2 WORD版含解析.doc

1、第一部分主题高频词汇构词法一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空词形转换1.The has a great gift for classical music, whose ability impressed all the audience.(music)2.Helping others seemed a very (nature) thing to him. I witnessed the true beauty of human nature in him.3.Wild plants can be up to 9 metres high but on tea plantations(茶园) the

2、y are cut back to the bushes about a metre in (high)so that workers can pick the leaves (easy).4.We believe it is (significance) to teach the children good values.5.Things that we believed would last forever had (actual) gone in a second before we realized it.6.Most teas have caffeine in them, a sub

3、stance that makes people feel more active. Some refuse to drink tea because it can cause (sleepless).7.These tips above will be (extreme)useful when you visit China, an (east) country with a long history.8.The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was (able) to speak except through a voice synthes

4、izer(合成器).9.(surprising), he did not take my offer but told me to pass the act of (kind) on and help more people in need.10.The museums online store now sells (create) cultural products.11.Tai Chi provides the mental(relax) and physical fitness.12.A (common)used greeting in China is the question, Ha

5、ve you eaten? It indicates the (important) of food in China.13.History (able)pupils to learn about the culture, which helps them to understand the society they live in.14.Decades later it(gradual) became a key feature of Londons street style.15.Forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly(bene

6、fit) to your physical and mental health. 16.The pork pie hat, starting in the middle of the 19th century, was the(choose) for many well-dressed Victorian citizens. 17.There is a(collect) of brief videos in Douyin, mainly focused on young people, yet its (suit) for all ages.18.Universities and their

7、assets are expensive investments, funded by the government and the public, for the education of students and (science) research.19.China, which takes (proud) in inventions in ancient times, has once again demonstrated its (able) to change the world with its new four great inventions.20.I think Ill n

8、ever forget the(amaze) trip I had in Beijing, China and I hope to go there next time with my friends.21.He seemed to have sensed my discomfort so he tried to ease my (anxious) by introducing himself.22.The WHO announced a plan to fight obesity and invited governments to (courage) their citizens to a

9、dopt a (sense) diet and take some exercise.23.Swimming can not only increase your heart rate without putting a lot stress on your body, but also build up your muscles and(strong).24.Dogs tend to leave people with the (impress) that they have a stubborn (personal), but they are indeed loyal to their

10、families and friends.25.In some Chinese novels, there are (describe) of charming women in red silk shoes.26.In fact, a butterfly must have a hard struggle to get its (free) from the cocoon(茧). 27.They have developed good relations with each other. Mrs. Thomas says they also eat out and go traveling

11、together, which are (forget) experiences for her.28.The Greenpeace works to promote peoples (aware) of the danger that (threat) our planet today.二、通过构词法猜测下列句子中画线单词的含义1.In just a few decades, we have completed an industrialization process that took developed countries several hundred years.2.Socialis

12、m with Chinese characteristics provides a broad pathway for China to advance with the times and steer the course of development today.3.China has demonstrated the vitality of scientific socialism with indisputable facts.4.Reform and opening-up is a great reawakening of the Communist Party of China (

13、CPC), nurturing great creativity in both theory and practice for the CPC. 5.I love Mexican churros, so I often buy them from the local Mexican takeaway on my phone, she explains.答 案构词法一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空词形转换1.musician; musical句意:这位音乐家对古典音乐极有天赋,他的音乐才能给所有听众留下了深刻的印象。根据句意可知,第一空应填musician,表示音乐家;第二空在名词前作定语,应用

14、形容词musical。2.natural句意:对他来说,帮助他人似乎是一件很自然的事,在他身上我看到了真实的人性的美。nature的形容词是natural,表示自然的。3.height;easily句意:野生植物可以长到9米高,但是在茶园里,它们被修剪成约一米高的灌木丛,以便工人们能够轻松采茶。第一空用提示词的名词形式height,表示高度;第二空用提示词的副词形式easily作状语,表示轻松地。4.significant句意:我们相信,向孩子传授好的价值观很重要。significance的形容词形式是significant,表示重要的。5.actually句意:我们以为会永远持续下去的东西,

15、其实在不知不觉中转眼即逝。根据句意和句子结构看,本空用提示词的副词形式actually作状语,表示竟然,实际上。6.sleeplessness句意:大部分的茶都含有咖啡因这种让人们更活跃的物质。有些人拒绝喝茶,因为茶会让他们失眠。本空用提示词的名词形式sleeplessness作宾语,表示失眠。7.extremely; eastern句意:以上的这些小窍门在你到中国一个历史悠久的东方国家旅游的时候非常有用。第一空用提示词的副词形式修饰形容词useful,extremely表示极其,非常;第二空用形容词作定语,east的形容词形式是eastern,表示东方的。8.unable句意:疾病使他只能坐

16、轮椅,而且,他只能通过声音合成器说话。根据句中的except through a voice synthesizer(合成器)可知,空处表示不能,应在提示词前加否定前缀un-。9.Surprisingly; kindness句意:令人惊讶的是,他没有接受我的提议,而是让我把这种善举延续下去,帮助更多有困难的人。第一空在句中作状语,应用提示词的副词形式;第二空在介词of后,应用名词kindness表示善良。10.creative句意:如今,这个博物馆的网店销售有创意的文化商品。空处应用形容词修饰其后的名词,故填creative,表示有创意的。11.relaxation句意:太极让人心理放松,身体

17、健康。空处应填提示词的名词形式relaxation,表示放松。monly; importance句意:在中国,一个常用的打招呼方式是问你吃饭了吗?,这表明了食物在中国的重要性。第一空修饰其后的used,应用副词commonly,表示一般地,经常地;第二空根据空前的定冠词the可知,应用提示词的名词形式importance,表示重要性。13.enables句意:历史能让学生了解文化,而文化有助于他们了解他们所生活的社会。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语动词,故应用提示词的动词形式enable,表示使能够。主语History为单数,故填enables。14.gradually句意:几十年后,它逐

18、渐成为伦敦街头风格的一个重要特点。这里用提示词的副词形式gradually作状语,表示逐渐地。15.beneficial句意:宽恕是可能的,而且这对你的身心健康出奇地有益。空处应用提示词的形容词形式beneficial作表语,表示有益的。16.choice句意:起源于19世纪中期的套叠式平顶帽是维多利亚时代很多衣着考究的市民的选择。空处应用提示词的名词形式choice作表语,表示选择。17.collection;suitable句意:抖音上有一批主要针对年轻人的短视频,但是它适合所有年纪的人。第一空在不定冠词后,应用提示词的名词形式, collection表示(一批)收集的东西;第二空应用提示

19、词的形容词形式作表语,suitable表示适合的。18.scientific句意:大学和大学的资产是很昂贵的投资,它们是由政府和公众为了学生的教育和科研来提供资金的。空处应用提示词的形容词形式作定语,修饰其后的名词research,scientific表示科学的。19.pride; ability句意:中国以古代的发明为傲,如今以其新四大发明再次展示出改变世界的能力。第一空考查take pride in这个固定搭配;第二空用提示词的名词形式作宾语,ability表示能力。20.amazing句意:我想,我永远也忘不了我到中国北京的令人惊喜的旅行,我希望下次能与朋友一起去那里。本空填提示词的形容

20、词形式作定语。这里修饰物,应用-ing形式的形容词amazing,表示惊人的,了不起的。21.anxiety/anxieties句意:他似乎觉察到我的不自在,于是就作了自我介绍来努力缓解我的不安。空处应该用提示词的名词形式作宾语,anxiety表示焦虑,不安。也可填复数形式。22.encourage; sensible句意:世界卫生组织宣布了向肥胖宣战的计划,并邀请各国政府鼓励其公民合理饮食并做些锻炼。第一空在句中作非谓语,跟在不定式符号to后,故用动词encourage,表示鼓励;第二空应用形容词在句中作定语,sensible表示合理的。23.strength句意:游泳不仅能在不给你的身体带

21、来太多压力的情况下增加你的心率,还能增强你的肌肉和力量。空处应用提示词的名词形式作宾语,strength表示力气,力量。24.impression;personality句意:狗往往给人们的印象是它们性格固执,但是它们确实对自己的家人和朋友很忠诚。第一空应用提示词的名词形式作宾语, impression表示印象 ; 第二空应用提示词的名词形式作宾语, personality表示个性。25.descriptions句意:在一些中国小说中,有些描述是关于穿着红色丝绸鞋子的魅力女性的。空处在there be句式中作主语,应用提示词的名词形式,且要与be动词are在数上保持一致,故用名词复数形式des

22、criptions。26.freedom句意: 实际上, 蝴蝶要脱茧获得自由就必须奋力拼搏。空处应用提示词的名词形式作宾语, freedom表示自由。27.unforgettable句意:他们彼此发展了很好的关系。托马斯夫人说他们还一起出去吃饭,一起去旅行,这些对她来说都是难忘的经历。空处在句中作定语修饰experiences, 应用提示词的形容词形式,又根据语境可知,此处表示难忘的经历,故应用形容词unforgettable。28.awareness; threatens句意:绿色和平组织尽力促进人们对如今威胁到我们星球的危险的认识。第一空应用提示词的名词形式作宾语,awareness表示认

23、识,意识。第二空在定语从句中作谓语,故应用提示词的动词形式threaten,表示威胁。that在定语从句中作主语,先行词the danger为单数,故第二空填threatens。二、通过构词法猜测下列句子中画线单词的含义1.工业化industry(n.工业)industrial(adj.工业的)industrialize(v.使工业化)industrialization(n.工业化)。2.途径,路径pathway为合成词,path和way都有道路的意思。3.活力,生命力;无可争辩的vital(adj. 极其重要的;生气勃勃的) vitality(n.活力,生命力)。dispute(n./v. 争论,辩论)disputable(adj.有争议的,可争辩的)indisputable(adj.无可争辩的)。4.再度觉醒awake(adj.醒着)awaken(v. 唤醒)awakening(n. 觉醒,醒悟)reawakening(n. 再度觉醒)5.外卖餐馆动词短语take away有外卖带走,(从餐馆买饭菜等)带回食用之意,因此合成词takeaway有外卖餐馆,外卖食物 的意思, takeaway为名词。常见的同类合成词还有breakthrough 突破, countdown 倒计时, takeover 接管等。