新教材2020-2021学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册学案：UNIT 2 SECTION Ⅰ　READING AND THINKING WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 2HEALTHY LIFESTYLE社会在发展，科技在进步，人们的生活方式却越来越不健康。吸烟、酗酒、熬夜、食用垃圾食品等不良生活方式导致了人们身体和心理方面的很多问题。因此，健康的生活方式成为当今社会越来越受关注的话题之一。本文作者拉里刘易斯是一名健康教练，“用健康的生活方式生活”理念的创始人，赫芬顿邮报新闻网站的撰稿人。最近他在星期日邮报上刊登了一篇特写。他从一家健身房连锁店的老板和健身狂热者变成了视力受损的超重者。本文讲述了他的疾病与健康的故事。Stop making unhealthy choices if you know whats good for you. Dont

2、attempt to gain shortterm pleasure at the cost of longterm health. Drinking too much alcohol, eating fatty unhealthy foods, maybe a fryup breakfast and takeaway or two? Why is it that many of you completely forget about making healthy choices and do all the wrong things? A healthy lifestyle is all a

3、bout making the right choices and removing unhealthy lifestyle choices.An unhealthy lifestyle is defined as a lifestyle where a person engages in activities that are known to be harmful to ones health, such as smoking, not exercising regularly or enough, eating unhealthy food on a regular basis, and

4、 not maintaining a healthy weight. Choosing a healthy lifestyle will lead to a longer, happier life. Making unhealthy choices could end up with you experiencing ill health or worse. So every day we have a choice to live healthily or not. You could choose to spend your free time today watching TV or

5、alternatively you choose to spend one hour in the gym. You choose to eat a fatty fryup for breakfast or alternatively you choose vegetables and fruit. Every time youre thirsty you choose to drink CocaCola or alternatively you choose water.We all know what we should do: eat more fruit and vegetables,

6、 drink more water, move our bodies more and look at screens less. But how often do you stick to these healthy choices? The first step in stopping your unhealthy choices is to determine what they are. Breaking bad habits takes time and effort, but mostly identifying them comes first, followed by maki

7、ng the decision to change, and sticking to your choices. Most people who end up breaking their bad habits try and fail many times before they make it work. You might not have success right away, but that doesnt mean you cant do it successfully.My illness forced me to make healthy choices and I paid

8、the price physically and up to a point mentally. If you dont do something about your lifestyle now, youll be forced to get rid of your unhealthy choices because of ill health. Good lifestyle choices will lead to good health. I believe that the greatest gift you can give your family and the world is

9、a healthy you.【注释】define v解释的含义；明确define sth. as. 把定义为alternatively adv.(as an alternative) 作为一种选择identifying vt. 确认；证明；鉴别出Section Reading and Thinking.核心词汇1_ n. 烟草；烟叶2_ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂3_ n. 回报；奖励；报酬vt. 奖励，奖赏；给以报酬4_ vt. 促进；促使，使便利5_ adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的6_ n. 自制力，纪律；学科vt. 自我控制；管教，处罚.拓展词汇1alcohol n

10、. _alcoholic adj. _ n. _2_ adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的_ adv. 身体上；肉体上3dominate vt.& vi. _ n. 支配；统治4_ adv.重复地_ v重复_ adj.重复的_ n重复5psychology n. _ adj. 心理(学)的_ adv. 心理上地；精神上地_ n心理学家6_ vi.依赖；依靠；信赖_ adj. 可信赖的7_ vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验_ n检查；审查；考试8pessimistic adj. _pessimism n. _pessimist n. _pessimistically adv. _ adj. 乐观的

11、；乐观主义的.重点短语1_ 卷入到中，参与到中2_ 充当，起作用3_ 回答，答复4_ 依赖，依靠5_ 除以外6_ 立即，马上7_ 决定，选定.重点句型These bad habits, _， could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.如果放任不管，这些不良习惯在他们成年以后会变得更加严重。根据课文内容选择正确答案1Why are the teenagers easy to form bad habits?ABecause they are fond of tobacco or alcohol.BBecause they pa

12、y no attention to their health.CBecause they intend to make their parents upset.DBecause they are more independent and have their own ideas.2Why does the author quote Aristotles words?ATo show changing bad habits is never easy.BTo imply we always repeat useless things.CTo tell our life is only in th

13、e control of ourselves.DTo warn us to get ready for the difficulties.3Which of the following is considered as “reward”？AYou take a walk around the school in the morning.BYou find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.CYou decide to borrow two books from the city library.DYoure willing to vo

14、lunteer in your community this weekend.4What attitude does the author take to changing bad habits?AObjective. BPessimistic.CPositive. DSkeptical.第一版块|重点词汇诠释1.independent adj.自立的，有主见的；独立的，自主的(1)be independent of sb./sth. 不依赖某人/某物(2)depend vi. 相信；依靠，依赖depend on/upon 信赖，依靠，相信(3)independence n. 独立，自主gai

15、n independence from. 从中获得独立Children should be encouraged to be independent thinkers.应该鼓励孩子们独立思考。At this age, children become relatively independent of their mothers.在这个年龄，孩子们变得较为独立，不完全依赖母亲。India became independent in 1947.印度于1947年获得独立。We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives.在日常生活中，我

16、们做很多事情都离不开能源。In 1821，the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain.1821年，墨西哥人民脱离西班牙获得了独立。即学即练单句语法填空Tom is so _ (dependent) that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support.People are dependent _ mobile phones for storing information so much that they sometimes are una

17、ble to remember basic things.Although the Great Wall has lost its military value for a long time, it reflects the dignity (尊严), confidence and _ (independent) of the Chinese people.Susan wanted to be independent _ her parents after graduation. She tried living alone.语境串记：In the past，he lived on the

18、money donated by others. To get rid of his dependence on others, he began to earn his living by fishing. Now, he is not dependent on others any more. That is to say, he is independent nowadays. As he put it，“Independence can build up my selfconfidence.”过去，他靠别人捐助的钱生活。为了摆脱对别人的依赖，他开始以捕鱼为生。现在，他不再依靠别人了，也

19、就是说，他目前独立了。就像他所说的：“独立自主能够增强我的自信。”2abuse n滥用；虐待；辱骂；vt.滥用；虐待；伤害；辱骂Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪活动都与吸毒有关。The most unnerving thing about child abuse is the number of cases that go unreported.有关虐待儿童方面最让人不安的是大量的此类行为没有被报道。Such abuse does Denise more good than vitamins.这样

20、大骂一通，对丹尼丝来说胜过吃灵丹妙药。Government officials shouldnt abuse their powers.政府官员不应该滥用职权。Kevin abused his eyesight by watching too much TV.凯文看电视太多导致视力受损。Instead of debating the issues, the candidates abused each other.竞选者们相互谩骂而没有辩论问题。即学即练完成句子/翻译句子他们在国内参与反对践踏人权的活动已经多年了。They have for many years been involved i

21、n a campaign against _ in their country.She is continually abusing her position by getting other people to do things for her._3.dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势be dominated by. 被控制domination n. 控制；支配dominant adj. 占支配地位的；占优势的；显著的He has authority, but he doesnt try to dominate others.他有权威，但并不想控制别人。As he wa

22、s dominated by his father, he couldnt make his own decision.因被父亲控制着，他不能自己作出决定。即学即练用dominate的正确形式填空In recent years, social policy _ by cutting down expenses.It is natural that some companies are fighting for _ of the market.The firm has achieved a _ position in the world market.高考助记：Food webs may be

23、dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.食物网或许被很多弱的连接控制，因为那种安排从长远看更稳定。4.in response to意为“作为对的答复/反应”。(1)response nC，U 答复；响应，反应make no response to. 对不作答复(2)respond vi.& vt. 回答，回应vi.响应，作出反应respond to. 回应/回答；对作出反应She opened the door in response to the knock

24、 at the door.她听到敲门声，打开了门。The product was developed in response to customer demand.这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。Carl made no response to my question, and carried on with his meal.卡尔没有回答我的问题，继续吃饭。He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.他对我的建议报以一笑。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子_ (know) basic firstaid techniques will help yo

25、u respond quickly _ emergencies._ (作为对的回应)the audiences great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.I asked her if she would attend Barbaras party to be held the next week，but she _ (没有回复) my letter.特别提示：在in response to、respond to 中to是介词，其后接名词、代词或ving作宾语。5.reward n回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖

26、励；奖赏；给以报酬give/offer a reward to sb. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而给某人报酬in reward (for) 作为(对的)回报、奖赏reward sb. with sth. for( doing) sth. 为(做)某事用某物奖赏/酬谢某人rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.研究者随后测试了这些猴子如何组合或添加这些符号来获得奖励。She started

27、singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile. 她开始对着婴儿唱歌，婴儿对她回报以微笑。Its unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他辛苦工作却得到很少回报是不公平的。Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣而又有意义的经历。即学即练完成句子我怎样才能报答你的好意呢？How can I _ you _ your kin

28、dness?警方出大笔赏金寻找那起抢劫案的破案线索。The police are _ clues about the robbery.你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。You deserve _ being so helpful.我真的要说这是一次有意义的旅行。I must say its _.易混辨析：award, reward, prizeaward：作名词指“奖品，奖金”等；作动词表示“授予，给予；判给”，可以跟双宾语，award sb. sth.把某物授予/判给某人。reward：作名词表示“赏金，奖励”或一些非金钱的报酬；作动词表示“奖赏，酬谢”，只能以人或人的行为作宾语。prize：

29、只能作名词，表示“奖赏， 奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.After graduation he was awarded a lot of money to do research.6rely on依赖；依靠；信赖(1)rely on/upon sb. for sth./to do sth. 依赖/依靠某人做某事rely on/upon it tha

30、t. 指望/放心(此结构中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句)(2)reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的Dont rely on going abroad for our holidaywe may not be able to afford it.不要指望去国外度假，我们可能负担不起费用。She cannot be relied on to tell the truth.别指望她能说真话。We cant rely on him to come in time.我们不能指望他及时赶到。You can rely upon it that it will rain this w

31、eekend.你放心好了，本周末一定下雨。You may rely on it that he will be safe.你放心好了，他一定会安全的。即学即练单句语法填空We rely on you _(set) a good example.You can rely on _ that she will come to help you, for she is honest and kindhearted.The news comes from a _ (rely) source.联想拓展：depend on/upon依靠；依赖It/That depends.视情况而定。The countr

32、y depends heavily on its tourist trade.这个国家十分依靠旅游业。Are you going to visit him?Well, it depends.你要去看他吗？哦，这要看情况。7.straight away 立刻，马上The boy ran out of the classroom straight away as the bell rang.那个男孩一听到铃声响就马上跑出了教室。I told him what I thought about the matter straight away.我立刻把我对这个问题的看法告诉了他。即学即练单句写作你应该

33、立刻去看医生。_归纳拓展：“立刻，马上”的其他表达法：right now, in no time, at once, immediately, instantlyIn no time, youll be able to enjoy the fruits of your labor.你很快就可以享受你劳动的成果了。 8.decide on/upon决定；选定decide to do sth. 决定做某事decision n. 决定make a decision 做出决定Have you decided on the topic for your speech？你确定演讲的主题了吗？We must

34、 decide on a fit place for the meeting.我们必须选定一个合适的地点开会。We have decided on going for a trip next week.我们已决定下周去旅行。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子At todays meeting we are to discuss and decide _ the most effective approaches to the study of mathematics.In the end, he decided on _ (spend) his summer holiday by the sea.

35、I dont want to make the wrong _(decide) and regret it later.Later Mrs Smith _(决定买) this kind of cloth because she was told that the cloth washed very well.归纳拓展：“决定/决心做某事”的表达法：decide on doing sth.make a decision to do sth.decide to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.determine to do sth.be determined

36、to do sth.第二版块|重点句型剖析(教材P14)These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.如果放任不管这些坏习惯，青少年成年后可能会面临更严重的问题。状语从句的省略(1)当从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。when，while，as，if，unless，until, even if/even though, as if, once, though, although等引导的状语从句用省略。W

37、hen (the water is) heated, the water will change into vapour.水被加热时会变成蒸汽。Even if (I am) invited, I wont go to his birthday party.即使被邀请了，我也不去参加他的生日聚会。(2)当从句的主语是it，从句的谓语中又含有be动词时，可以把从句中的it和be动词一起省略。If (it is) convenient for you, you can come to my house.如果方便的话，你可以来我家。Unless (it is) necessary, youd bett

38、er not refer to the dictionary.除非有必要，否则你最好不要查字典。即学即练单句语法填空The workers carried out the order as _ (tell)Though _ (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.Every evening after dinner, if not _ (tire) from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.The doctor said if _ (treat) properl

39、y, the boy was likely to be saved.Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.单词拼写1As a _ (回报) for good behavior, treat you child to a new toy.2When he was at college, he was crazy about _ (心理学) .3Little children shouldnt drink something conta

40、ining _ (酒精)4Everything will go well, so you neednt be so _ (悲观的) about your future.5It was that image of calm and _ (自制力) that appealed to voters.6She told me that she was often disturbed by some _ (消极的) thoughts.7The woman _ (检查) the bag carefully, only to find that it contained some papers.8He ar

41、gued that the economic recovery had been _ (促进) by his tough power.单句语法填空1Youd better not be too strict with her. _ all, she is only four.2The young couple decided _ the nice island for their holiday.3She used to be pessimistic _ her life, but now she has changed.4In this situation, you must manage

42、to inform him straight _.5The old man went to the hospital to have his body _ (examine) regularly.6What will the new actor do in _ (respond) to the funny news?7I will lend her some money in reward _ her timely help.8Once _ (begin), the project is hard to stop.9It is a hard job, but at the same time

43、it is a _ (reward) job.10When I go on a journey, my mother often reminds me _ (repeat)11The young man rushed into the castle to rescue the boy _ (dominate) by the group.12Youd better pay attention to their _ (physics) health as well as their mental health.课文语法填空With teenagers 1._ ( grow) up, some of

44、 them have developed bad habits. These bad habits, if not 2._ (stop), could result in serious problems when they become 3._ (adult), such as tobacco or alcohol abuse. To prevent 4._ (harm) habits like these from affecting a teenagers life 5._ (be) essential.According to modern psychology, to change

45、bad habits, we must first analyse them using the “habit cycle”. We must first find out 6._ the cue is. Then we must replace the old negative routine with something more positive. If successful, we will feel a sense of satisfaction and our bad habit may disappear. Breaking a bad habit is difficult, a

46、nd 7._ is easy to make excuses and give up. We need 8._ (make) up our minds and show some discipline, and make small changes over a period of time. There is no “magic pill” to help us, but the changes will ensure we have 9._ happy and healthy life full 10._ good habits !Unit 2HEALTHY LIFESTYLESectio

47、n Reading and Thinking新知感知自学导引.核心词汇1tobacco2.abuse3.reward4.facilitate5.negative6.discipline.拓展词汇1酒；酒精酒精的；含酒精的酗酒者2.physicalphysically3.支配；控制；占有优势domination4.repeatedlyrepeatrepeatedrepetition5.心理学；心理；心理影响psychologicalpsychologicallypsychologist6.relyreliable7.examineexamination8.悲观的；悲观主义的悲观主义悲观主义者悲观

48、地optimistic.重点短语1become/be involved in2.act as3.in response to4.rely on5aside from6.straight away7.decide on.重点句型if left unchecked文本研析语篇理解1D2.A3.B4.C核心突破互动探究第一版块|重点词汇诠释1independenton/uponindependenceof2the abuse of human rights她不断地滥用职权，让别人为她办事。3has been dominateddominationdominant4KnowingtoIn respon

49、se tomade no response to/didnt respond to5rewardforoffering a big reward fora reward fora rewarding trip6to setitreliable7You should go to see a doctor straight away/right now/in no time/at once/immediately/instantly.8onspendingdecisiondecided on buying或 decided to buy或made a decision to buy或 made u

50、p her mind to buy或 determined to buy或 was determined to buy第二版块|重点句型剖析toldsurprisedtiredtreatedcompared课时达标随堂自测.单词拼写1reward2.psychology3.alcohol4.pessimistic5.discipline6.negative7.examined8.facilitated.单句语法填空1After2.on3.about4.away5.examined6.response7.for8.begun9.rewarding10.repeatedly11.dominated12.physical.课文语法填空1growing2.stopped3.adults4.harmful5.is6.what7.it8.to make9.a10.of